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Anti- Prohibition 

Manual 


A  Summary  of  Facts  and 

Figures  Dealing  With 

Prohibition 


1916 


CO 

.1 


NATIONAL 

WHOLESALE  LIQUOR  DEALERS 

ASSOCIATION  OF  AMERICA 

301  UNITED  BANK  BUILDING 
CINCINNATI,  OHIO 


Copyright,    1916, 


INTRODUCTION. 


THIS  is  the  SECOND  Anti-Prohibition 
Manual.  Its  predecessor  was  published 
for  the  year  1915,  and  one  hundred 
thousand  (100,000)  copies  were  distributed 
throughout  the  United  States. 

The  success  of  the  1915  Manual  has  led  us  to 
issue  a  new,  up-to-date  edition.  We  wish  to 
thank  those  who  have  said  kind  things  and 
who  have  "boosted"  our  original  effort.  We 
hope  to  continue  in  this  edition  to  deserve 
your  good  will. 

These  pages  were  compiled  with  but  one 
purpose  in  view. 

They  are  intended  to  furnish  a  quick  and 
easy  means  of  answering  arguments  offered 
in  support  of  Prohibition. 

Within  these  pages  may  be  found  the  an- 
swer to  practically  every  argument  presented 
to  date  by  the  Anti-Saloon  League  or  other 
Prohibition  forces. 

An  effort  has  been  made  to  compile  the  facts 
contained,  in  a  concise,  clear  and  brief  man- 
ner. This  book  should  be  the  constant  com- 
panion of  the  members  of  the  trade,  their 
employees,  and  their  friends.  The  statements 
contained  are  authentic  and  should  be  of  value 
and  interest  to  students  as  well  as  the  average 
reader. 

Education  has  solved  many  questions,  but 
one  must  know  before  he  can  transmit  knowl- 
edge. 

Take  this  little  book;  read  it;  become  fa- 
miliar with  its  contents  and — USE  IT. 

,^    ,  EDITOR. 


THE  FOLLOWING  STATES  TRIED  AND  RE- 

Pl/DIATED   PROHIBITION   AND   THEN 

REJECTED   LATER   PROPOSALS. 

Table  Gives  Dates  When  Prohibition  Law  Was 
Adopted  and  Rejected. 

Ohio— 1855-1855— Nov.  3,  1914,  rejected  second 
proposal;    Nov.   3,   1915,  again  defeated    Prohibition. 

Nebraska — 1855,  soon  repealed;  1880,  rejected  sec- 
ond proposal. 

Indiana — 1855  soon  repealed;  1882,  rejected  sec- 
ond proposal. 

^lichigan — 1853-1875;  1887,  rejected  second  pro- 
posal. 

Alassachusetts — 1855-1870;  1339,  rejected  second 
proposal. 

Connecticut — 1854-1872;  1889,  rejected  second  pro- 
posal. 

Rhode  Island— 1853-1SG3— 1886-1889. 

THE    FOLLOWING     SIXTEEN     (16)     STATES 
TRIED  PROHIBITION,  BUT  HAVE  SINCE 
RETURNED  TO  LICENSE  AND  REGU- 
LATION. 

Table  Gives  Dates  When  Prohibition  Law  Was 
Adopted  and  Repealed. 

South  Dakota— 1889-1896. 

Nebraska — 1855  (soon  repealed). 

Iowa — 1884  (abandoned  in  a  few  years). 

Ilhnois — 1855  (repealed  in  same  year). 

Indiana — 1855  (soon  abandoned). 

Ohio — 1855  (repealed  in  same  year). 

Alabama — Repealed  Prohibition  Law  in  1912. 

New  York— 1854-1856. 

Vermont— 1852-1903. 

New  Hampshire— 1855-1889. 

Massachusetts— 1855-1870. 

Connecticut— 1854-1872. 

Rhode  I shind— 1853-1863. 

MarvLind— 1855  (repealed  in  same  year). 

Dchiware— 1855-1857. 

Michigan — 1853-1875. 

4 


Are   You   Directly  or   Indirectly 

Interested  in  the  Liquor 

Business  ? 

If  not,  read  this  carefully: 

^  NATIONAL  PROHIBITION  would  mean 
the  loss  of  $250,000,000  revenue  to  the  Treas- 
ury of  our  National  Government. 

NATIONAL  PROHIBITION  would  mean 
the  loss  of  $21,000,000  revenue  to  the  various 
States  of  the  Union. 

NATIONAL  PROHIBITION  would  mean 
the  loss  of  $6,600,000  revenue  to  the  various 
Counties  of  the  United  States. 

NATIONAL  PROHIBITION  would  mean 
the  loss  of  $52,000,000  revenue  to  the  Munici- 
palities of  the  United  States.  Most  of  our 
American  municipalities  are  bonded  to  the 
limit;  our  cities  cannot  bear  the  burden  of  ad- 
ditional taxes. 

WHO  will  make  up  this  revenue  lost 
through    NATIONAL  PROHIBITION? 

WHAT  PART  WILL  YOU  HAVE  TO 
PAY? 

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THE  PROHIBITION  MOVEMENT  IN  THE 
UNITED  STATES. 

1808 — First     total     abstinence     society     founded     in 

America  by  William  Clark. 
1813 — Society  for  Suppression   of  Intemperance  or- 
ganized in  Maine. 
1826 — Society  for  Promotion  of  Temperance  founded. 
1851 — Maine  adopted  Prohibition  Law — first  State  to 

do  this. 
1852 — Vermont  follows  Maine. 

1853 — Rhode  Island  and  Michigan  adopt  Prohibition. 
1854 — Connecticut  and  New  York  adopt  Prohibition. 
1855 — New     Hampshire,     Massachusetts,     Maryland, 

Delaware,  Indiana,  Nebraska  (soon  repealed), 

Ohio  and  Illinois  adopt  Prohibition. 

Maryland,  Illinois  and  Ohio  repealed  the  law 

in  the  same  year. 

Wisconsin  refused  a  Prohibition  law. 
1856 — New  York  repealed  the  Prohibition  law. 
1857 — Delaware  does  the  same. 

1863 — Rhode  Island  repudiated  the  Prohibition  law. 
1869 — National  Prohibition  Party  organized.  _ 
1870 — Massachusetts  repudiated  the  Prohibition  law. 
1872 — Connecticut  repealed  the  law. 
1875 — Michigan  abandoned  Prohibition. 
1876 — First  effort  made  for  Federal  Prohibition  law. 
1880 — Nebraska   defeats   a    Prohibition    proposal   by 

45,000  majority. 

Kansas  goes  "dry"  by  7,998  majority. 
1882 — Indiana  defeats  efforts  to  impose  Prohibition. 
1884 — Iowa  adopted  Prohibition  and  abandoned  it  in 

a  few  years. 
1886 — Rhode  Island  again  tries  Prohibition. 
1887 — Michigan  refuses  Prohibition  the  second  time. 

Texas  refuses  a  Prohibition  law. 
1888 — Mississippi  "dry"  by  act  of  legislature. 
1889 — New    Hampshire,    Rhode    Island    repeal    their 

Prohibition  laws. 

Connecticut  and  Pennsylvania  and  Alassachu- 

setts  defeat  efforts  to  impose  Prohibition  laws. 

South  Dakota  adopted  Prohibition. 

North    Dakota    adopted    Prohibition    by    1,159 

majority. 
1893 — Anti-Saloon  League  founded  in  Ohio. 
1896 — South  Dakota  returns  to  license. 
1903 — Vermont  returns  to  license. 
1908 — North  Carolina  votes  "dry."^ 

Georgia  "dry"  by  act  of  Legislature. 
1909 — Tennessee  "dry"  by  Legislative  enactment. 


1910 — Missouri  defeated  Prohibition  proposal. 

1911 — Maine  retains  Prohibition  by  bare  majority  of 
758  votes. 

1912 — Alabama  repealed  the  Prohibition  law. 
Arkansas  refused  a  Prohibition  law. 

1914 — Arizona,  Colorado,  Washington,  Oregon,  West 
Virginia  and  Virginia  adopt  Prohibition. 
Ohio,  Texas  and  California  defeat  Prohibition 
proposals. 

Hobson's  resolution  for  National  Prohibition 
defeated  in  Congress. 

1915 — AlaLama,  Idaho  and  Iowa  adopted  State- 
wide Prohibition  laws  by  Legislative  en- 
actment, to  go  into  effect  in  1916 — with  the 
exception  of  Alabama.  The  Legislature  of 
New  Hampshire,  Wyoming,  Minnesota,  Flor- 
ida and  Michigan  defeated  State-wide  Prohi- 
bition bills. 

South  Carolina  adopted  State-Wide  Prohibi- 
tion. Ohio  again  defeated  Prohibition  by  a 
large  majority. 

STATE  SITUATIONS  FOR  1916. 

CALIFORNIA — Two  amendments  to  the  state  con- 
stitution will  be  voted  upon  November  7,  1916. 
They  provide  for:  "Forbidding  dispensing  alco- 
holic liquors  in  public  places  after  January  1, 
1918";  and  "Prohibiting  all  manufacture,  sale, 
importation  into  or  transportation  within  the 
state  after  January  1,  1920." 

MONTANA — The  State  legislature  has  passed  a 
bill  submitting  to  the  people  of  the  state  a 
referendum  on  state-wide  prohibition  to  be 
voted  on  at  the  next  general  election,  to  be  held 
November  7,  1916. 

The  law  proposed  forbids  the  sale  of  any 
liquor  containing  alcohol  if  it  may  be  used  as  a 
beverage  except  wine  for  sacramental  pur- 
poses, etc. 

NEBRASKA— The  State  under  the  Initiative  and 
Referendum  law  will  vote  on  a  prohibition 
amendment  to  the  constitution  at  the  regular 
election  in  November,  1916. 

VIRGINIA— Voted  for  a  prohibition  law  in  1914. 
The  law  will  not  be  passed  until  February,  1916, 
and  will  not  go  into  effect  until  November  1,  1916. 


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10 


THE    PROHIBITION    SITUATION    TO    DATE. 

Change  in  State  Laws  Since 
January  1,  1915. 

IOWA — The  present  prohibitory  law  of  Iowa  was 
passed  by  the  Twentieth  Assembly  in  1884,  and 
has  been  in  operation  ever  since,  but  has  been 
modified  in  its  enforcement  by  the  so-called 
Mulct  Law,  which,  under  certain  conditions,  puts 
up  a  bar  to  prosecutions  under  the  prohibitory 
law. 

This  statute  has  been  repealed,  however,  by 
the  General  Assembly  now  in  session,  but  such 
repeal  took  effect  January  1,  1916. 

In  February,  1915,  the  Iowa  Legislature  voted 
to  submit  to  the  people  a  constitutional  state- 
wide prohibition  amendment  to  be  voted  on  at 
the  general  election  in  1917,  provided  the  Legis- 
lature of  1917  ratifies.  Prohibition  to  become 
effective  January  1,  1918. 

IDAHO— In  February,  1915,  the  Idaho  Legislature 
passed  a  statutory  prohibition  law,  making  the 
state  dry  January  1,  1916.  It  also  voted  to  sub- 
mit to  popular  vote,  to  be  taken  at  the  election 
in  November,  1916,  on  the  question  of  constitu- 
tional amendment,  effective  January  1,  1917. 

VERMONT— On  March  7,  1916,  Vermont  rejected 
state-wide  prohibition  on  a  popular  vote.  The 
prohibition  amendment  was  first  placed  on  the 
statute  books  in  1852,  and  was  repealed  in  1903 
by  a  majority  of  729.  In  the  recent  election 
prohibition   was  defeated  by  13,164. 

SOUTH  DAKOTA— In  March,  1915,  the  Legislature 
of  South  Dakota  voted  to  submit  to  popular  vote 
at  the  November,  1916,  election,  a  constitutional 
amendment  for  state-wide  prohibition,  which,  if 
passed,  will  be  effective  January  1,  1917. 

MONTANA— In  February,  1915,  the  Montana  Leg- 
islature voted  to  submit  to  the  people  at  the  No- 
vember, 1916,  election,  a  statutory  measure, 
which,  if  adopted,  makes  Montana  a  prohibition 
state  December  31,  1918. 

Six  States  Rejected  Prohibition. 

WYOMING— In  February,  1915,  the  Senate  rejected 
the  Gardner  Bill,  providing  to  submit  the  ques- 
tion of  state-wide  prohibition  to  the  voters  two 
years  hence. 

11 


MINNESOTA— In  March,  1915,  the  Senate  rejected 
a  bill  proposing  a  constitutional  amendment  for 
state-wide  prohibition.  The  vote  was  50  against 
the  measure  and  17  for. 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE— In  March,  1915,  the  House 
rejected  a  state-wide  prohibition  law.  The  vote 
for  retaining  the  license  law  was  226;  for  repeal, 
144 — a  majority  for  license  of  82. 

FLORIDA— In  April,  1915,  the  Senate  rejected  a 
state-wide  prohibition  law. 

MICHIGAN— In  April,  1915,  a  state-wide  prohibi- 
tion law  was  defeated  by  an  overwhelming  vote 
in  the  Legislature. 

OHIO — November  3,  1915,  state-wide  prohibition 
was  defeated  by  a  majority  of  55,412  votes. 

THE     FOLLOWING     STATES     REJECTED 

STATE-WIDE  PROHIBITION  ON  A 

POPULAR  VOTE. 

Election  Votes  for      Votes  Against       Majority 

States  Date  Proliibition        Proliibition         AgainsI 

California Nov.    3,1914  355,536  524,781  169,245 

Texas Tulv  22,1911  231,096  237,393  6,297 

Missouri Nov.    8,1910  207,281  425,406  218,125 

Pennsylvania.. TunelS,  1889  296,617  484,644  188,027 

Arkansas Sept.  9,  1912  69,390  85,358  15,968 

Ohio Nov.   3,  1914  504,177  588,329  84,152 

Ohio Nov.    3,  1915  484,965  540,377  55,412 

Vermont Mar.    7,1916  18,503  31,667  13,164 

THERE    ARE    19    "DRY"    STATES— BUT 
WHAT    OF    IT? 

With   the    Spread   of   Prohibition,   the   Consumption 
of  Liquors  Per  Capita  Has  Steadily  Increased. 

THAT  is  to  say  there  are  19  states  that  have 
]'rohibition  laws  on  their  statute  books,  but  let 
us  see  whether  or  not  the  Prohibition  laws  are 
effective.  We  will  turn  to  the  highest  possible  au- 
thority, namely,  the  statistician  of  the  United  States 
Census  Bureau  and  the  heads  of  various  Govern- 
ment departments  in  Washington,  D.  C. 

Since  the  birth  of  the  Anti-Saloon  League,  "dry" 
territory  has  increased  until  today  we  have  in  the 
United  States  about  the  same  condition  that  existed 
fifty  years  ago,  when  16  states  adopted  Prohibition. 
All  of  these  states,  however,  realizing  tiie  failure  of 

12 


Prohibition,  rejected  that  fallacious  scheme  and  re- 
turned to  license  and  regulation.  Today  we  are 
reading  of  the  crest  of  another  such  wave.  But 
how  has  this  Prohibition  propaganda  affected  the 
consumption  of  beer,  wine  and  whiskey,  which  these 
zealous  creatures  would  have  us  forego? 

Liquor    Consumption    Increases. 

The  following  is  taken  from  the  United  States 
Statistical  Abstracts  for  1914.  This  table,  No.  290, 
is  compiled  from  the  reports  of  the  C®mmissiofter 
of  Internal  Revenue.  Remembering  the  beautiful 
stories  of  the  growth  of  Prohibition,  let  us  glance  at 
this  table.  On  one  side  we  give  the  year  for  which 
the  statistics  are  taken,  and  opposite  is  given  the 
total  consumption  per  capita  of  these  beverages 
mentioned. 

Total  consumption  per  capita 
Period.  of  beer,  wine  and  whiskey 

(in  galions). 

1850 4.08 

1860  6.43 

1870  7.70 

1871-18S0    8.79 

1881-1890    13.21 

1891-1895 17.12 

1896  17.12 

1897  16.50 

1898  17.37 

1899  16.82 

1900  17.76 

1901  17.65 

1902  19.14 

1903  19.57 

1904  19.87 

1905  *. 19.85 

1906  21.55 

1907  22.79 

1908  22.22 

1909  21.06 

1910  22.19 

1911 22.79 

1912  21.98 

1913  22.68 

1914  22.50 

The  above  table  shows  a  steady  increase,  with  the 

exception  of  the  last  months  of  the  year  1907,  when 

there   was   a    slight   falling   off   in   the    consumption. 

This   was   due   to    the   financial    panic   at    that    time. 

13 


Another  decrease  occurred  in  1914,  and  the  early- 
months  of  1915.  This  was  the  direct  result  of  the 
strict  economy  practiced  by  Americans  during  that 
period  when  the  war  in  Europe  was  affecting  busi- 
ness conditions  in  the  United  States.  With  the  re- 
turn of  prosperity,  however,  there  was  a  return  to 
the  increase  in  consumption  of  beer,  wine  and 
whisky.  This  is  shown  by  the  Internal  Revenue 
receipts  of  October,  November  and  December,  1915. 

Internal  Revenue  Receipts  Increase. 

The  ofificial  receipts  from  spirits  during  October, 
1915,  were  $14,574,710.08,  as  compared  with  $11,067,- 
092.73  for  October,  1914,  an  increase  of  $3,507,617.35, 
while  fermented  liquors  brought  the  government 
$6,870,892.98,  as  compared  with  $6,694,350.63,  during 
October,  1914,  an  increase  of  $176,542.35. 

Prohibition  has  not  only  failed  to  cut  down  the 
consumption  of  these  legally  manufactured  bever- 
ages, but  moreover,  it  has  resulted  in  a  tremendous 
increase  in  the  consumption  of  beverages  illegally 
manufactured.  This  form  of  illegal  manufacture 
seems,  in  tlie  main,  to  take  the  form  of  illicit  dis- 
tilling, which  practice  is  commonly  known  as 
"moonshining." 

According  to  the  reports  of  the  United  States 
Commissioner  of  Internal  Revenue,  since  1909  there 
have  been  17,475  moonshine  stills  seized  by  the 
revenue  officers.  The  table  showing  the  increase 
follows: 

Illicit  Distilleries  Seized  During  the  Last  Seven 

Years. 
Illicit  distilleries  seized — 

1909 1,^743  1913 2,375 

1910 1,911  1914 2,677 

1911 2,471  1915 3,832 

1912 2,466  

Total   17,475 

According  to  the  1915  report  of  the  Commissioner 
of  Internal  Revenue,  on  page  153,  3,832  ilHcit  dis- 
tilleries were  seized  during  the  fiscal  year,  as  com- 
pared with  2,677  during  1914.  This  increase  occured 
wliile  more  States  were  adopting  Prohibition.  Four- 
fifths  of  the  illicit  distilleries  were  captured  in  "dry" 
territory.  In  Georgia  alone  1,212  moonshine  stills 
were  reported  for  seizure.  _ 

Expert    students    of    crime    say    that    for    every 
14 


criminal  detected,  five  remain  undetected.  If  we 
apply  this  ratio  to  the  illicit  distilleries  in  Georgia 
alone,  then  there  must  be  about  6,000  dealers  of 
liquor  conducting  business  within  the  territory  of 
that  "dry"  State. 

Illicit  Distilling  Increases. 

In  1914,  Wm.  H.  Osborn,  Commissioner  of  In- 
ternal Revenue,  in  his  annual  report,  page  29,  under 
the  heading  of  "Revenue  Agents,"  said  in  part: 

"Bootlegging  is  principally  carried  on  in  States 
operating  under  local  prohibition  laws,  and  ap- 
pears to  be  one  of  the  hardest  propositions  that 
revenue  officers  are  called  upon  to  solve.  This 
class  of  violators  of  the  internal  revenue  law  are 
at  no  time  stationary,  but  move  from  place  to 
place,  offering  and  selling  their  wares.  It  is  im- 
possible, owing  to  the  limited  number  of  revenue 
officers  in  the  field,  to  break  up  this  practice 
entirely,  and  without  the  hearty  co-operation  of 
the  local  and  State  authorities,  it  is  believed  that 
the^  conditions  will  grow  no  better.  As  the 
various  States  vote  "dry,"  the  operations  of  the 
bootlegger  grow  larger." 

In  the  report  of  this  same  Commissioner  for  1915, 
on  page  39,  again,  under  the  heading,  "Revenue 
Agents,"  we  read  as  follows: 

"The  business  of  the  moonshiner  in  whisky 
in  the  Southern  States,  from  the  number  of 
illicit  distilleries  reported  seized  during  the  fiscal 
year  ended  June  30,  1915,  appears  to  be  increas- 
ing." 

Then,  after  giving  the  names  of  the  persons  killed 
in  connection  with  the  capture  of  "moonshiners," 
the  Commissioner  goes  on  to  say: 

"There  does  not  appear  to  be  any  abatement 
respecting  the  illegal  sale  of  liquors  by  "boot- 
leggers." Many  reports  are  received  in  this 
bureau  from  the  lawabiding  element  throughout 
the  country,  reciting  conditions  as  to  illegal  sales 
of  liquors  in  the  various  localities  by  bootleggers 
and  asking  this  bureau  to  assist  them  in  stamp- 
ing out  the  conditions  complained  of.  These 
conditions  are  largely  brought  about  by  failure 
of  local  officers  to  enforce  the  provisions  of 
the  State  laws  governing  the  manufacture  and 
sale  of  liquor." 

15 


So  with  ou.r  nineteen  "dry"  States,  we  have  no  par- 
ticular occasion  to  be  gay,  and  when  the  cold  facts 
which  appear  above  are  permitted  to  sink  in,  any 
fair-minded  individual  must  admit  that  Prohibition 
does  not  prohibit,  whether  it  is  in  Tennessee  or  in 
Russia,  or  any  place  else,  where  the  public  will  not 
support  such  a  law.  The  internal  revenue  receipts 
of  the  United  States  Government  show  that  the 
drinking  of  beer,  wine  and  whisky  is  steadily  in- 
creasing until  today  the  three  great  industries  en- 
gaged in  making  these  products  are  paying  over 
one-third  of  the  total  cost  of  our  National  Govern- 
ment— an  amount  rapidly  approaching  the  half 
billion  mark. 

We  hear  so  much  talk  of  the  power  of  the  Anti- 
Saloon  League  and  the  s-trength  of  the  "dry"  terri- 
tory of  the  United  States,  that  it  is  worth  while  to 
analj'^ze  a  part  of  tlie  vote  taken  the  last  two  years 
on  this  question. 

"Wet"  Majority  Twice  That  of  "Dry." 

In  the  1914  vote  on  State-wide  Prohibition,  the 
total  "dry"  majority  in  the  States  of  Arizona,  Colo- 
rado, Oregon,  X'irginia  and  \\'ashington  was  100,203. 
The  total  "wet"  majority  in  the  States  of  California, 
Ohio  and  Texas  was  273,757.  The  majority  of 
votes  against  Prohibition  in  the  three  States  that 
refused  the  proposition  in  1914  was  over  twice  as 
large  as  the  majority  of  votes  for  the  proposition  in 
the  five  states  that  adopted  Proliibition. 

45,058,304  Voters  Rejected  Prohibition. 

The  sixteen  states  that  have  tried  Prohibition  and 
returned  to  the  license  system,  have  a  combined 
population  of  38,032,302.  Add  Texas  and  California, 
which  rejected  Prohibition  and  the  combined  popu- 
lation which  has  repudiated  the  idea  is  45,058,304. 
The  nineteen  States  which  are  either  now  under 
Prohibition  laws,  or  which  have  so  declared  them- 
selves, have  a  combined  population  of  27,344,013.  If 
we  take  States  as  a  whole,  as  the  Prohibitionists  do, 
in  claiming  territory  and  population  living  under 
Prohibition  law  (whether  they  like  it  or  not)  nearly 
twice  as  many  people  have  tried  and  rejected  the 
nostrum  as  those  who  are  now  trying  it,  and  the 
growth  of  the  idea  is  backward  as  well  as  forward. 
As  the  rural  States  have  become  urban  with  great 
cities,  great  industries  and  great  commerce,  tiiey 
16 


have  abandoned  Prohibition  as  not  adapted  to  their 
needs  in  the  way  of  law  to  be  respected  and  obeyed 
by  th'e  people. 

Seven  States  *'Dry"  by  Act  of  Legislature. 

Seven  of  the  present  nineteen  "dry"  States,  namely 
those  of  Alabama,  Arkansas,  Georgia,  Idaho,  Iowa, 
Mississippi  and  Tennessee,  are  "dry"  by  act  of  Leg- 
islature; that  is,  in  these  States  the  people  have  never 
had  an  opportunity  to  vote  upoii  the  question,  but 
Prohibition  has  been  forced  upon  the  citizens  by  the 
Legislature.  The  population  of  these  seven  States 
is  12,853,931.  All  these  people  are  living  under  a 
"dry"  regime,  without  ever  having  had  an  oppor- 
tunity to  express  their  opinions,  through  the  ballot. 
What  has  been  the  result? 

It  is  also  to  be  noted  that  the  total  "dry"  popula- 
tion as  represented  by  the  nineteen  States  in  the 
"dry"  column  is  27,344,013.  The  total  population  in 
the  remaining  States  that  are  "licensed"  is  64,628,253. 
In  other  words,  there  are  twice  as  many  and  almost 
three  times  as  many  people  living  in  "wet"  territory 
as  there  are  in  "dry"  territory  in  the  United  States. 
Attention  is  called  to  the  fact  that  a  number  of 
the  States  in  the  Prohibition  column  have  popula- 
tions that  cannot  be  compared  v/ith  the  average 
large  city  of  the  United  States,  for  example  note 
the  following: 

Arizona       (dry) 204,354 

Colorado     (dry) 799,024 

Idaho  (dry) 325,594 

Maine  (dry) 742,371 

N.  Dakota  (dry) 577,056 

Oregon       (dry) 672,765 

The  "wet"  city  of  Cincinnati  has  a  greater  popula- 
tion than  Arizona  and  Idaho,  both  "dry"  States. 

One  "Wet"  City  vs.  Six  "Dry"  States. 

In  all  of  the  other  States  in  the  "dry"  column, 
there  is  no  certain  one  which  has  a  population  as 
great  as  3,000,000.  One  "wet"  city.  New  York, 
alone,  has  a  population  of  4,766,880,  which  i.s  greater 
than  the  combined  population  of  Arizona,  Colorado, 
Idaho,  Maine,  North  Dakota  and  Oregon,  all  "dry" 
States.  When  we  remember  that  there  are  almost 
100,000,000  people  in  the  United  States,  the  inhab- 
itants in  "dry"  territory  do  not  loom  up  to  a  very 
great  extent. 

17 


The  Prohibitionists  admit  that  more  alcoholic 
beverages  are  consumed  every  year,  and  that  the 
consumption  has  doubled  since  1890,  but  they  insist 
that  this  increased  consumption  is  in  the  urban 
territory  where  they  have  not  Prohibition.  Very 
well.  In  what  has  it  profited  the  States  that  have 
adopted  Prohibition?  Not  greater  prosperity,  more 
religion,  less  poverty,  less  divorces,  more  churches, 
less  crime,  less  suicide,  less  insanity!  The  census 
figures  are  all  against  them.  Prohibition  does  not 
prohibit  any  of  the  evils  of  civilization.  Prohibition 
is  still  a  rural  remedy,  which  does  not  appear  to  be 
acceptable  to  urban  territory,  especially  the  larger 
cities. 

The  facts  given  above  make  it  perfectly  plain  that 
Prohibition  is  a  failure  as  a  remedy  for  intemper- 
ance, which  we  had  been  told  is  the  purpose  of 
Prohibition.  It  is  education,  and  education  alone, 
that  will  solve  the  problem  of  intemperance;  and 
unless  the  intemperate  individual  is  reminded  of  the 
fact  that  he  himself  must  begin  anew  his  manner  of 
living,  then  no  law  will  save  him. 

Prohibition  is  now  on  trial.  And  the  American 
Public  is  the  judge  and  jury.  We  have  submitted 
our  testimony,  and  wc  claim  that  the  decision  should 
be  in  our  favor.     Prohibition  does  not  prohibit. 

POPULATION  OF  U.  S.  WITH  PER  CENT 
URBAN. 

"Dry"  States  in  Large  Print. 

Statistical  Abstracts  for  1914. 

1910  1900  1900-1910     1910 

Population  Per  cent    Per  cent 

States.  °"""-  "'''*" 

ALABAMA   2,138.093  1,828,697  16  9  17.3 

ARIZONA    204,354  122,931  66.2  31.0 

ARKANSAS   1.574.449  1,311,564  20.0  12.9 

California   2.:;77.r.49  i.4S.-,,o.-.;!  «^().l  61.8 

COLORADO    799,024  539,700  48.0  50.7 

Connecticut 1.114.750  908,420  22.7  89.7 

Delaware   202.:}22  184,7.35  9.5  48.0 

Dist.  of  Columbia.  .  .3:>l,0r.9  278.718  18.8  100.0 

Florida    T.-.2.tU9  .-.2S..-42  42.4  29.1 

GEORGIA  2.609.121  2,216.331  17.7  20.6 

IDAHO    325,594  161,772  101.3  21.5 

Illinois    .'i,G;{8..'')91  4.821. 'jr.O  16.9  61.7 

Indiana 2,700,8Tfi  2..'-.1t>,4r.2  7.3  42.4 

IOWA  2.224.771  2,231.853  0.3  30.6 

KANSAS    1,690,949  1,470,495  15.0  29.2 

IS 


Kentucky    2,289,905     2,147,174         6.6  24.3 

Louisiana    1,656,388     1,381,625       19.9  30.0 

MAINE   742,371        694,466         6.9  51.4 

Maryland 1,295,346     1,188,044         9.0  50.8 

Massachusetts 3,366,416     2,805,346       20.0  92.8 

Michigan    2,810,173     2,420,982       16.1  47.2 

Minnesota   2,075,708     1,751,394       18.5  41.0 

MISSISSIPPI  ....    1,797,114     1,551,270       15.8  11.5 

Missouri 3,293,335     3,106,665         6.0  42.5 

Montana 376,053        243,329       54.5  35.5 

Nebraska   1,192,214     1,066,300       11.8  26.1 

Nevada 81,875          42,335       93.4  16.3 

New  Hampshire.  .  .      430,572        411,588         4.6  59.2 

New  Jersey 2,537,167     1,883,669       34.7  75.2 

New  Mexico 327,301        195,310       67.5  14.2 

New  York 9,113,614     7,268,894       25.4  78.8 

N.  CAROLINA....  2,206,287     1,893,810       16.5  14.4 

N.  DAKOTA 577,056        319,146       80.8  11.0 

Ohio 4,767,121     4,157,545       14.7  55.9 

OKLAHOMA  ....   1,657,155        790,391     109.7  19.3 

OREGON 672,765        413,536       62.7  45.6 

Pennsylvania    7,665,111     6,302,115       21.6  60.4 

Rhode  Island 542,610        428,556       26.6  96.7 

S.    CAROLINA....    1,515,400     1,340,316       13.1  14.8 

S.Dakota 583,888        401,570       45.4  13.1 

TENNESSEE  ....   2,184,789     2,020,616         8.1  20.2 

Texas  3,896,542     3,048,710       27.8  24.1 

Utah 373,351        276,749       34.9  46.3 

Vermont   355.956        343,641         3.6  47.5 

WASHINGTON...  1,141,990        518,103     120.4  53.0 

W.  VIRGINIA....   1,221,119        958,800       27.4  18.7 

VIRGINIA    2,061,612     1,854,184       11.2  23.1 

Wisconsin   2,333,860     2,069,042       12.8  43.0 

Wyoming    145,965          92,531       57.7  29.6 

Total   91,972,266   75-,994,575       21.0  46.3 

Tot.  "dry"  pop'n  27,344,013    Tot.  "wef'pop'n  64,628,253 

COMPENSATION. 

MR.  D.  CLARENCE  GIBBONY,  President  of  the 

Law    and    Order    Society    of    Philadelphia,  Pa., 
has  this  to  say  of  compensation: 

"The  only  effective  plan,  it  seems  to  me,  by  which 
we  can  permanently  get  rid  of  the  liquor  business  is 
for  Pennsylvania  to  pass  a  Prohibition  amendment 
to  the   Constitution — appropriate   a   sum   of  money 


sufnciently  large  to  meet  the  requirements — provide 
for  the  appointment  of  some  sort  of  commission  with 
authority  to  appraise  all  liquor  establishments  at 
their  actual  value,  and  in  some  such  manner  compen- 
sate the  licensed  dealers  for  some  part  of  the  actual 
cash  loss  following  the  dissolution  of  the  partnership, 
thereby  enabling  them  to  engage  in  some  other  busi- 
ness. 

"Even  this  plan  would  entail  a  great  loss  to  the 
liquor  dealer,  but  he  would  quit  with  a  part  of  his  in- 
vestment and  could  engage  in  some  other  occupation 
— satisfied  that  he  had  been  accorded  a  square  deal. 
To  ni}^  mind,  this  is  the  only  honorable  way  out  of  a 
bad  situation.  If  we  look  carefully  at  the  principles 
involved  and  act  with  less  prejudice  towards  the 
pei^sons  actually  licensed  to  carry  on  the  business, 
we  will  see  the  justice  of  this  proposition.  Aloral 
problems  demand  righteous  settlement  and  we  cannot 
pretend  that  the  saloon  question  is  none  of  our  fault. 
I  contend  that  it  is  all  our  fault.  This  being  so,  we 
shall  obtain  freedom  from  the  business  only  by  meth- 
ods straightforward  and  clean.  Objection  to  this 
plan  will  be  made  because  of  the  large  amount  of 
money  necessary  for  such  a  big  undertaking.  I  say, 
we  must  first  ask  if  it  is  right  to  abolish  the  liquor 
traffic.  Next,  whether  we  are  responsible  for  the 
existence  of  the  liquor  traffic,  and  then  adopt  the 
surest  and  speediest  and  most  honorable  way  to  end 
the  business.  If  we  have  shared  in  the  profits  as 
taxpayers  and  citizens  it  is  plain  we  should  be 
willing  to  stand  some  loss  in  closing  out  the  traffic. 
Great  public  improvements  are  provided  for  by  the 
State  at  the  voters'  expense.  Anything  tliat  is  nec- 
essary for  the  comfort,  safety  and  the  convenience 
of  the  people  is  usually  arranged  for  ungrudgingly. 

"I  cannot  understand  how  any  good  citizen,  if  he 
comprehends  the  facts,  can  approve  a  partnership 
which,  gives  both  partners  part  of  the  profits,  but 
charges  one  of  the  partners  with  all  the  losses  at 
the  time  of  dissolution.  This  is  neither  just  nor 
equitable.  So,  therefore,  it  cannot  be  the  right  way 
out. 

"The  only  course  left  for  us  is  to  support  a  square 
deal  abolition  of  the  liquor  traffic." 

A\'hcn  the  Swiss  General  Assembly  passed  a  Fed- 
eral law  Tune  4,  1910,  providing  for  the  prohibition 
of  absintiic,  a  Federal  decree  was  also  passed  pro- 

20 


viding  for  the  payment  of  indemnities  to  compensate 
those  who  had  invested  their  wealth  in  the  business. 

In  February,  1915,  a  measure  was  passed  by  the 
French  Chamber  of  Deputies  which  allowed  the  sum 
of  14,800,000  francs  (approximately  $2,965,000)  as 
compensation  to  manufacturers  and  dealers  in  ab- 
sinthe for  the  extinction  of  their  business. 

In  England  the  licenses  are  distributed  among  the 
saloons  at  regular  intervals  known  as  Brewster  Ses- 
sions. The  authorities  reserve  the  right  to  grant  or 
refuse  as  many  licenses  as  they  think  best. 

However,  those  saloon  keepers  who  are  refused  a 
renewal  of  their  license  are  given  compensation  for 
their  loss.  Iv.  the  year  1909,  625,001  pounds  (approxi- 
mately $3,125,000)  was  the  amount  paid  as  compen- 
sation money  by  the  authorities  in  England. 

When  the  ban  was  placed  on  the  sale  of  vodka  In 
Russia,  compensation  was  not  necessary,  for  the 
vodka  business  was  owned  by  the  Russian  Govern- 
ment and  the  abolition  of  the  business  w^orked  no 
injury  to  any  private  citizen. 

The  citizens  of  the  United  States  should  ever  keep 
in  mind  when  discussing  Prohibition  the  fact  that 
it  would  not  be  fair  nor  just  nor  American  to  destroy 
a  man's  investment,  his  business,  his  good  will,  and 
to  rob  many  homes  of  their  incomes  without  pro- 
viding proper  compensation  for  all  this  loss. 

THE  FARMER. 

ACCORDING  to  the  United  States  Statistical  ab- 
stracts, there  are  three  hundred  thousand  farm- 
ers raising  corn,  barley,  rye,  hops  and  fruits  that  go 
into  the  production  of  liquor.  They  receive  in  prices 
from  the  liquor  interests  of  the  country  two  hundred 
million  dollars  annually.  Destroy  this  market  and 
you  reduce  their  purchasing  powers  two  hundred 
million  dollars  a  year.  This  means  a  corresponding 
reduction  in  the  volume  of  all  business — the  output 
of  the  mines,  mills  and  factories.  When  you  hear  a 
Prohibition  speech  you  would  imagine  that  only  corn 
and  only  a  small  per  cent  of  that  is  used  in  the  pro- 
duction of  liquor.  They  do  not  tell  you  the  whole 
truth.  They  never  intimate  that  barley,  rye,  hops 
and  fruits  go  into  the  production  of  liquor.  We  are 
not  afrai'^l  of  the  whole  truth.  The  brewers  and  dis- 
tillers of  Peoria  alone  consume  the  entire  surplus 
corn  crop  of  Iowa  and  Illinois  after  feeding  and  seed- 
ing. Figure  up  what  that  means  in  dollars  and  cents 
to  the  farmers  of  this  country. 

21 


"FREEDOM  OF  CHOICE." 

r^UR  religion  is  based  on  freedom  of  choice.  It  is 
^-^  for  us  to  choose  bad  or  good,  according  to  our 
definition  of  the  same.  Men  and  women  cannot  be 
legislated  into  Goodness  nor  into  Salvation. 

If  we  lose  control  of  ourselves,  the  mind  and  body- 
run  riot.  Self-control,  combined  with  temperance,  in 
the  individual,  is  the  basis  of  society's  moral  success. 
Prohibition  begins  at  the  wrong  end. 

The  Prohibitionist  believes — "Law,  then  public 
sentiment" — whether  or  no.  This  is  far  from  the 
idea  of  those  who  fought  for  us  in  1776. 

IDLENESS   CAUSE   OF   CRIME. 

"THE  assertion  that  liquor  causes  75  to  90  per  cent 
^  of  crime  is  proved  upon  investigation  to  be  false. 
"Idleness,  not  intoxicating  liquor,  is  the 
greatest  cause  of  crime,"  declares  District 
Judge  John  A.  Perry,  as  a  result  of  his  observa- 
tions during  one  year's  service  as  presiding 
judge  in  the  West  Side  Criminal  Court. 

Drink    Seldom   the    Cause. 

"What  causes  criminals?  Not  whisky.  Crime 
is  generally  charged  to  whisky.  I  thought  so 
until  I  went  to  the  West  Side  Court  and  pre- 
sided for  more  than  a  year  and  had  every  kind 
of  a  criminal  before  me.  There  were  few  cases 
before  me  for  which  drink  was  responsible. 
I  would  say  that  10  per  cent  would  be  a  large 
ratio  to  give  to  liquor  as  the  cause  of  crime. 
I  would  like  to  say  that  liquor  is  responsible 
for  crime  and  would  like  to  say  that  prohibition 
will  lessen  crime  in  this  state,  but  I  am  sorry 
that    I   cannot   say   it   conscientiously. 

"Then  what  is  the  cause  of  crime?  Idleness. 
Ninety  per  cent  of  crime  is  caused  by  idleness — 
city  idleness.  I  have  talked  with  Judge  Butler 
and  other  judges  who  have  presided  in  tlie  West 
Side  Court  and  they  agree  that  whisky  and 
strong  drink  is  not  the  great  cause  of  crime. 
The  two  often  go  together,  but  we  cannot  say 
truthfully  that  drink  causes  over  10  per  cent  of 
the  crime. 

22 


Bootlegger  Causes  Crime. 

"Yes,  I  am  sorry,  but  we  cannot  lay  crime  to 
drink,  and  I  am  also  sorry  that  I  do  not  antici- 
pate a  reduction  of  crime  through  prohibition 
in  Colorado.  If  drink  has  anything  to  do  with 
it,  I  should  fear  an  increase  in  crime.  Good 
whisky  is  bad  enough  and  has  its  evil  effects, 
but  bad  whiskey,  which  usually  is  sold  in  prohi- 
bition districts,  they  say  is  the  limit.  And,  the 
'bootlegger'  will  sell  whiskey  to  anybody. 

"A  drunkard  or  child — any  one  who  has  the 
price — can  buy  the  stuff  from  a  'bootlegger,' 
while  a  regular  saloon-keeper,  if  he  is  decent, 
is  inclined  to  draw  the  line.  The  'bootlegger* 
knows  he  is  an  outlaw  and  does  not  stop  at  any- 
thing." 

MORE    POLICEMEN    REQUIRED    IN    "DRY" 
CITIES. 

i  fc  PROHIBITION  cities  are  not  law  abiding  cities; 
■^  prohibition  States  are  not  leaders  in  virtue. 
They  lynch  almost  as  many  in  prohibition  Missis- 
sippi as  are  killed  in  license  Philadelphia,  despite 
the  fact  that  the  populations  are  about  the  same 
and  congested  centers  usually  breed  crime.  Nor 
must  it  be  forgotten  that  a  lynching  has  always  been 
preceded  by  another  crime.  One  policeman  for 
every  981  of  your  population  suffices  for  Minne- 
apolis; one  is  needed  to  each  809  in  bankrupt  pro- 
hibition Nashville,  one  for  every  735  in  Memphis, 
and  'dry'  Atlanta  needs  one  for  every  647  of  her 
inhabitants." — C.  M.  Bryan,  City  Attorney,  Mem- 
phis, Tenn. 

CRIME. 

T  TNITED  STATES  statistical  abstracts  show  that 
^  in  1912  dry  Memphis  had  64  murders  per  100,000 
population  and  wet  Milwaukee  had  only  4.  In  dry 
Atlanta,  the  home  of  Sam  Small,  the  Prohibition  agi- 
tator, located  in  the  State  that  Seaborn  Wright  claims 
to  have  rescued  from  the  demon  rum,  there  were  in 
1912,  39  murderers  per  100,000  of  population,  and  in 
wet  Philadelphia  2,  while  Chicago  had  only  9.  How 
can  these  facts  be  reconciled  with  the  idea  that  you 

178.1     " 


get  rid  of  90%  of  crime  when  you  destroy  the  legiti- 
mate saloon? 

The  fact  of  the  matter  is  that  neither  the 
United  States  Government  nor  prominent  students  of 
criminology  make  statements  that  alcohol  is  to  any 
large  extent  responsible  for  crime.  E.  H.  Wines  in 
his  "Punishment  and  Reformation"  strikes  the  nail 
on  the  head  when  he  says,  "Much  crime,  has  grown 
and  will  continue  to  grow  out  of  the  unsettled  rela- 
tions, the  perpetual  and  bitter  conflict  between  capi- 
tal and  labor  or  employees  and  their  employers. 
Constant  employment  and  adequate  remuneration 
strongly  tend  to  subdue  the  impulse  to  theft  and 
violence."  Mr.  Wines  was  special  agent  of  the 
Eleventh  United  States  Census  on  Crime  and  he 
knows  what  he  is  talking  about. 

PROHIBITION  NOT  WANTED  BY 
PROHIBITIONISTS. 

THE  Anti-Saloon  League,  its  leaders  and  their  al- 
lied forces  do  not  want  absolute  Prohibition. 
They  only  want  to  stop  the  lawful  manufacturing  of 
liquors. 

The  Hobson  resolution  submitted  to  Congress  in 
1914  reads  as  follows: 

"Resolved  by  the  Senate  and  House  of  Represen- 
tatives of  the  United  States  of  America,  in  Congress 
assembled  (two-thirds  of  each  House  concurring 
therein).  That  the  following  amendment  of  the  Con- 
stitution be,  and  hereby  is,  proposed  to  the  States,  to 
become  valid  as  a  part  of  the  Constitution  when  rati- 
fied by  the  Legislatures  of  the  several  Slates  as 
provided  by  the  Constitution: 

Section  1.  Tlic  sale,  manufacture  for  sale,  trans- 
portation for  sale,  importation  for  sale  of  intoxicat- 
ing liquors  for  beverage  purposes  in  the  United 
States  and  all  territory  subject  to  the  jurisdiction 
thereof  and  exportation  thereof  arc  forever  pro- 
hibited. 

Section  2.  Tiie  Congress  of  the  States  shall  have 
power  independently  or  concurrently  to  enforce  this 
article  by  all  needful  legislation. 

How  would  ©ne  be  able  to  obtain  liquors  lawfully 
if  nation-wide  Prohibition  should  become  a  reality? 

The  popular  impression  seems  to  be  that  an  era 
of  enforced  abstinence  would  follow  the  adoption  of 


the  Hobson  amendment  or  of  a  similar  measure,  but 
a  careful  reading  of  the  wording  of  the  proposed 
change  in  the  Constitution  reveals  some  facts  to  the 
contrary.  Also  a  glance  at  the  Congressional  Record 
will  throw  some  white  light  on  the  situation.  For 
instance,  it  will  be  noted  that  the  amendment  would 
not  prohibit  the  manufacture,  importation  or  trans- 
portation of  liquor  for  use. 

This  was  not  an  oversight,  but,  on  the  contrary, 
was  the  result  of  much  thought  and  consultation. 

Mr.  Hobson,  author  of  the  Prohibition  amendment, 
is  not  in  favor  of  any  attempt  to  have  the  Constitu- 
tion prohibit  the  use  of  liquors. 

When  the  measure  was  being  discussed  by  the 
House  Committee  on  Judiciary  Mr.  Hobson  said,  in 
answer  to  a  question  as  to  the  extent  of  the  prohi- 
bition of  the  manufacture  of  liquor: 

"You  could  manufacture  it  for  use — not  for  sale." 

Later  on,  when  the  measure  was  up  for  a  vote  in 
the  House,  Mr.  Mann,  of  Illinois,  asked  Mr.  Hobson 
if  he  was  in  favor  of  having  the  Constitution  prohibit 
the  .use  of  intoxicating  liquors.  "I  am  against  it," 
said  Mr.  Hobson,  who  then  proceeded  to  explain  that 
"the  object  of  forbidding  the  sale  is  to  avoid  even  a 
suspicion  of  any  desire  to  impose  sumptuary  legisla- 
tion upon  the  American  people  or  invade  the  rights 
of  the  individual  and  home." 

Thus  it  seems  to  be  established  that  the  citizen 
w^ould  have  a  right  not  only  to  use  liquors,  but  to 
manufacture  them  for  his  own  use. 

Also  he  would  not  be  denied  the  right  to  import 
liquors  for  his  own  use,  and,  inferentially,  for  the 
use  of  his  family. 

It  will  be  noted  that  the  amendment  does  not 
forbid  the  manufacture,  transportation  and  importa- 
tion of  liquors  for  sale  except  for  beverage  purposes, 
and  this  it  appears  would  legalize  the  manufacture, 
transportation  and  importation  of  liquors  for  sale  for 
other  purposes,  such  as  medicinal,  sacramental,  me- 
chanical, pharmaceutical  and  scientific  purposes,  and 
also  for  use  in  the  arts. 

THE    INJUSTICE    OF    A   NATIONAL    PROHI- 
BITION AMENDMENT. 

IN  an  interview  in  December,  1914,  former  Gover- 
nor Malcolm  R.  Patterson,  of  Tennessee,  now  an 
Anti-Saloon  League  speaker,  is  quoted  as  follows: 


"We  are  working  for  an  amendment  to  the  Con- 
stitution of  the  United  States  prohibiting  the  manu- 
facture and  sale  of  alcohoHc  beverages.  It  must 
pass  each  House  of  Congress  by  a  two-thirds  vote. 
When  that  occurs  the  amendment  will  go  to  the 
Legislatures  of  the  States.  If  three-fourths  of  the 
States  by  their  Legislatures  accept  or  ratify  the 
amendment,  it  will  become  a  part  of  the  organic  law 
of  the  nation.  The  votes  of  36  States  are  necessary 
for  the  ratification  of  the  amendment.'* 

This  is  the  legal  method  of  procedure  to  place  an 
amendment  in  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States. 
Later,  however,  in  the  interview,  the  Governor  is 
quoted  as  saying:  "Besides,  if  the  liquor  business  is 
broken  up  by  an  amendment  to  the  Constitution,  it 
will  mean  that  a  large  majority  of  the  voters  of  the 
United  States  have  ordered  that  it  be  broken  up." 

Is  this  true  that  "a  large  majority  of  the  voters  of 
the  United  States  would  then  have  ordered  the  busi- 
ness broken  up?"  In  the  Governor's  own  words  the 
amendment  goes  to  the  "Legislature  of  the  States" 
and  must  be  ratified  by  a  three-fourths  vote  of  the 
"Legislatures"  of  the  States  before  it  becomes  a  part 
of  the  organic  law. 

Is  the  Legislature  necessarily  synonymous  with 
the  will  of  the  majority  of  the  voters  of  the  States 
it  represents?  How  many  times  does  history  show 
Legislatures  that  took  matters  in  their  own  hands 
and  took  action  directly  against  the  will  of  the  ma- 
jority of  the  voters  that  had  elected  the  Legislature? 
jMorcovcr,  in  the  ratification  of  the  amendment, 
Nevada  with  81,875  inliabitants  will  have  just  as  much 
of  a  vote  as  New  York  with  9,113,270  inhabitants,  and 
it  could  easily  come  to  pass  that  tlic  12  largest 
States,  with  15,000,000  voters,  would  be  outvoted  by 
11,000,000  voters  of  the  36  smaller  States. 

Then,  an  amendment  providing  for  National  Pro- 
hibition might  not  necessarily  be  the  result  of  the 
demands  of  a  "large  majority  of  the  voters  of  the 
United  States." 

There  is  another  injustice  in  the  method  employed 
in  placing  an  amendment  in  the  United  States  Con- 
stitution. There  is  no  limit  to  the  time  in  which  the 
States  may  ratify  an  amendment  after  it  has  been 
submitted  by  Congress. 

If  the  Hobson  Prohibition  amendment,  for  exam- 
ple, should  get  a  two-thirds  vote  in  both  Houses  of 


Congress,  there  would  be  no  question  but  that  it 
would  some  time  catch  a  majority  vote  in  the  Legis- 
latures of  three-fourths  of  the  States.  The  pro- 
ponents of  the  project  could  keep  pushing  their 
cause,  year  after  year,  until  that  result  had  been 
reached,  all  favorable  votec  counting  toward  ratifi- 
cation, while  unfavorable  votes  meant  merely  a  post- 
ponement of  the  question.  And  the  situation  is  the 
same  with  other  projected  changes. 

A  National  Prohibition  Amendment  made  law  by 
the  above  unfair,  unjust  and  un-American  process 
would  never  receive  the  endorsement  or  support  of 
the  American  people. 

NATIONAL  PROHIBITION  A  FARCE. 

TTNDER  National  Prohibition  the  Government 
^  would  recognize  the  right  of  the  individual  to 
operate  his  own  still,  and  the  mountaineer  could 
distill  his  corn  without  interference.  However,  the 
making  of  whisky  would  not  be  confined  to  the 
mountains  nor  to  the  mountaineers.  Under  the  law 
everyone  would  have  the  right  to  make  wine,  beer, 
brandy,  wdiisky  or  hard  cider,  and  it  is  not,  difficult 
to  make  these  beverages. 

To  make  whisky,  the  equipment  needed  is  a  mash 
tub,  a  copper  kettle,  a  twisted  pipe,  some  cold  water, 
a  hot  fire  and  some  corn. 

The  making  of  wine  and  cider  is  so  simple  that  a 
recipe  would  be  superfluous. 

For  those  who  have  no  skill  in  the  preparation  of 
even  the  simplest  beverages  there  is  the  probability 
that  supplies  will  be  forthcoming  through  the  co- 
operative plan. 

Lawyers  say  that  if  one  citizen  will  have  the 
right  to  make  liquors,  then  two  or  more  citizens  will 
have  the  right  to  unite  in  the  making  of  liquors,  either 
personally  or  through  agents. 

Thus  it  may  be  that  those  who  do  not  care  to 
embark  personally  in  the  manufacture  of  wine,  beer 
or  whisky  can  obtain  these  liquors  by  buying  stock 
in  co-operative  breweries,  wineries  and  distilleries. 

LIQUOR  AND  LONGEVITY. 

A  LL  the  statistics  that  follow  are  from  the  report 
^  of  the  Bureau  of  Census  on  Mortality  Statistics 
for  1912.     The  total  number  of  deaths  in  1912  for  the 


registration  area  was  828,251,  a  decrease  of  1,033 
since  1911,  and  1911  shows  a  lower  rate  than  any 
previous  year  on  record.  The  United  States  in  1911 
ha^  a  death  rate  of  14.2%  per  1,000  population.  This 
rate  is  lower  than  that  of  Austria,  Ireland,  England, 
France,  the  German  Empire,  Hungar\%  Italy,  Japan 
or  Spain.  Our  death  rate  as  a  nation  is  lower  than 
any  other  nation  of  equal  importance  as  a  world 
power. 

Now  if  the  death  rate  in  the  United  States  is 
decreasing  and  the  consumption  of  liquor  is  increas- 
ing, what  is  the  connection?  If  any,  it  is  that  the 
temperate  and  general  use  of  wine,  beer  and  whisky 
is  productive  of  longevity.  This  is  true  in  Belgium. 
In  that  country  the  children  are  given  their  beer  as 
our  children  are  given  milk,  yet  in  Belgium  there 
are  more  people  over  80  years  of  age  than  in  any 
other  country  on  the  globe.  It  is  interesting  to  note 
that  the  "we."  States  and  cities  in  practically  all 
cases  have  a  lesser  death  rate  than  the  localities 
living  under  Prohibition  laws. 

HOBSON    DEMANDS   WHISKEY  FOR 
HIS  MEN. 

**  I  DEMAND  wliisky  for  my  men  who  have  long 

*  been  exposed  in  the  water." 

Such  is  the  statement  credited  to  Richard  P. 
Hobson  by  one  of  the  famous  crew  of  seven  that 
sank  the  Merrimac  in  the  Spanish-American  war, 
immediately  after  that  great  exploit. 

Here  is  the  story  as  it  appeared  in  the  New  York 
Herald  of  July  9,  1898. 

With  Admiral  Sampson's  Fleet  off  Santiago,  Thurs- 
day  by    the    Herald    Dispatch    Boat    Sommers    N. 
Smith,  to  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica,  Friday. 
Every  one  of  the  seven  brave  men  who  went  with 

Assistant  Naval  Instructor  Hobson  on  the  Merrimac 

is  loud  in  his  praise  of  Hobson's  course  during  their 

now  historic  exploit. 

I  had  chats  with  the  members  of  Hobson's  crew 

today  and  they  added  some  interesting  details  to  the 

story  as  I  sent  it  to  the  Herald  from  Hobson's  own 

lips  last  night. 

28 


High  Praise  for  Hobson. 

"No  braver  or  cooler  man  than  Hobson  ever 
lived,"  said  John  Kelly.  "If  it  had  not  been  for 
him  matters  would  have  gone  much  harder  with  us." 

"Yes,"  said  John  P.  Phillips,  chiming  in,  "he  is  a 
wonderful  man.  It  is  simply  a  miracle  that  all  of 
us  escaped  without  injury.  When  the  Merrimac  ran 
into  the  harbor  Hobson  stood  on  the  bridge,  smiling 
as  he  looked  through  his  glasses  and  saw  how  well 
we  were  progressing.  He  kept  the  collier  headed 
straight  toward  the  channel  and  never  faltered  when 
bullets  and  shells  came  falling  about  him." 

Whisky  Immediately  Demanded. 

"And  later  on,  when  we  were  taken  aboard  the 
Reina  Mercedes,  dressed  only  in  wet  underwear 
which  had  been  cut  off  at  the  knees,  Hobson,  as 
calm  as  ever,  walked  up  to  the  commander  of  the 
Spanish  vessel,  saluted  him  and  said: 

"  'I  demand  whisky  for  my  men  who  have  been 
long  exposed  in  the  water.'  " 

"From  the  Reina  Mercedes,"  Phillips  continues, 
"we  were 'sent  to  Moro  Castle  and  kept_  in  a  vile 
place.  Our  guards  kept  making  signs  intimating 
that  they  would  hang  us." 

HOBSON'S  "2,000  A  DAY." 

PvURING  the  debates,  on  the  floor  of  the  House  of 
'-^  Representatives,  on  the  proposed  Constitutional 
amendment  for  National  Prohibition,  Tuesday,  De- 
cember 22,  1914,  Mr.  Hobson,  the  author  of  the  meas- 
ure, made  some  atrocious  misstatements. 

Chief  among  these  alleged  truths  is  the  statement 
of  Mr.  Hobson  that  "Alcohol  averages  2,000  Amer- 
icans a  day.  Alcohol  kills  fully  730,000  American 
citizens  every  year." 

Remembering  Mr.  Hobson's  statement  of  "2,000" 
deaths  per  day  from  alcohol,  we  turn  to  the  1912 
Mortality  Statistics  of  the  United  States  Bureau  of 
the  Census  for  the  authenticity  of  his  figures.  Here 
we  discover  some  remarkable  facts,  which  illuminate 
Mr.  Hob-son's  wholesale  prevarications. 

The  registration  area  for  deaths  is  composed  of 
twenty-three  (23)  States,  nineteen  (19)  of  which  are 
licenses  States  and  four  (4)  Prohibition  States. 

29 


%of 
Population    Total 

Registration  Area  for  deaths,  1912 . .  60,427,133  63.2 
Non-Registration  Area  for  deaths.  .31,545,133  36.8 
Deaths  from  all  causes  in  registration  area.  .  .838,251 
Deaths   from  all  causes  under  five  years   (^ 

of  total  deaths) 204,679 

Deaths  from  all  causes  over  five  years  of  age. ..633,612 

Seven-tenths  of  one  per  cent  (.7%)   of  the  entire 

population  in  the  United  States  died  in  1912. 

As  no  United  States  statistics  are  available  for  the 

non-registration  area  the  percentage  of  deaths  in  the, 

registration  area  may  be  used  to  determine  the  deaths 

in  the  non-registration  States. 

If  seven-tenths  of  one  per  cent  (.7%)  of  the 
population  of  the  non-registration  area 
died  in  1912,  the  number  of  the  deaths 
would  be  about 400,000 

According  to  the  ratio  in  the  registration  area 
about  one-fourth  (14)  of  the  total  deaths  are 
of  children  under  five  j^ears  of  age,  which 
in  the  non  registration  States  would  be 
about 100,000 

Total  number  of  deaths  in  the  non-registration 

area  over  five  years  of  age 300,000 

Total  number  of  deaths   in  registration  area 

over  five  years  of  age 633,612 

Total  number  of  deaths  of  persons  over  five 
years  of  age  from  all  causes  for  all  States 
in  the  Union  (1912) 933,613 

Total  number  of  deaths  from  all  causes  in  the 

United  States  per  day 2,500 

Mr.   Hobson   says   total   number  of  alcoholic 

deaths  in  the  United  States  per  day 2,000 

Total  number  of  deaths  per  day  in  the  United 
States  from  the  one  hundred  and  eighty-eight 
(188)  other  causes  listed  in  Mortality  Stat- 
istics according  to  Mr.  Hobson  would  be 
ONLY -       500 

According  to  Air.  Hobson,  730,000  of  the  933,612 
deaths  in  the  United  States  from  all  causes  arc  due 
to  alcoholism. 

On  page  118  of  the  Mortality  Statistics  for  1912 
we  find: 

"No  56 — Alcoholism  (acute  and  chronic) 3,183 

We  may  double  this  amount  to  6,000  to  account 
for  possible  alcoholic  deaths  in  the  non-registration 
area.     Even  then  Mr.  Hobson's  figures  gives  724,000 


MORE  deaths  from  alcoholism  than  do  the  statistics 
of  the  United  States  Government. 

This  is  ONE  instance  of  the  Hobsonian  method, 
but  it  is  a  good  example  of  his  usual  disregard  for 
truth. 

JESS  WILLARD   DOES  NOT  FAVOR 
PROHIBITION. 

TTTE  Detroit  Journal,  May  29,  1915,  publishes  an 
•*•  interview  with  Jess  Willard,  the  noted  champion, 
whose  private  car  was  then  in  Detroit. 

"There  were  no  wines  or  liquors  on  the  car," 
said  the  Journal,  "but  Willard  disclaims  any  allegi- 
ance to  the  prohibition  cause,  even  though  he  was 
brought  up  in  one  of  the  original  prohibition  States 
— Kansas. 

"There  is  more  bad  liquor  sold  in  Kansas  than  in 
any  other  State  in  the  Union,  despite  the  ban  against 
the  stuff  that  inebriates,"  says  Jess.  "I  am  for  regu- 
lation of  a  proper  character." 

KANSAS. 

l/'ANSAS  is  the  favorite  "dry"  example  which  the 
-^^^  Prohibitionist  uses.  The  United  States  Stat- 
istical Abstracts  for  1913  show  that  Kansas  is  far 
from  being  the  model  State  that  the  uninitiated  are 
apt  to  believe. 

When  "dry"  Kansas  is  compared  with  the  "Avet" 
States  some  interesting  fisfures  are  revealed.  It  is 
also  to  be  noticed  that  the  Prohibitionist  never  shouts 
of  Maine,  Georgia,  Tennessee,  Virginia,  West  Vir- 
ginia and  other  "dry"  States,  but  holds  up  Kansas 
as  the  "seventh  Heaven." 

Therefore,  proof  that  Kansas  is  not  the  angel 
State  of  America  is  proof  that  no  "dry"  State  holds 
that  position. 

The  Anti-Saloon  League  Year  Book  is  the  ac- 
knov\'ledged  authority  of  the  Prohibitionists  to  show 
that  Prohibition  is  the  State  of  health  and  happiness 
and  prosperity.  This  little  volume  gives  many  pages 
of  statistics  to  prove  its  claim,  and  yet  some  of  the 
figures,  while  correct  and  official,  have  been  used 
without  realizing  that  they  prove  the  contrary  of 
the  text.  For  instance,  Kansas  is  held  as  the  model 
Prohibition  State,  and  the  real  Land  of  Canaan  among 
the  ungodlj'-  States  of  the  West. 

But  the  editor  of  the  year  book  did  not  select  his 
statistics   with   care  to   demonstrate   his   assertions. 

SI 


He  argues  that  tke  health,  happiness  and  prosperity 
of  the  people  are  measured  by  the  occupants  of  the 
penitentiaries,  the  insane  asylums,  the  poor-houses 
and  the  number  of  children  in  the  homes  that  give 
a  guarantee  against  race  suicide.  After  making  this 
argument  so  convincing  that  no  sane  man  deny 
it,  the  Anti-Saloon  League  Year  Book  presents  these 
figures  for  the  year  1910: 

Kansas      Nebraska 
Prisoners  per  100,000  population.     85.4  55.2 

Paupers  per  100,000  population.. .     43.5  46.2 

Insane  per  100,000  population...    172.2  167.0 

Number  of  persons  to  100  families  427.3  449.0 

These  figures  are  strangely  confusing  when  taken 
into  consideration  with  the  text  of  the  argument  that 
Prohibition  is  a  sure  protection  against  crime,  pau- 
perism, insanity  and  race  suicide.  The  first  group 
of  figures  shows  that  "dry"  Kansas  had  more  crime 
and  more  prisoners  in  her  penitentiaries  and  jails 
than  "wet"  Nebraska.  The  third  group  shows  that 
"dry"  Kansas  had  more  insane  than  "wet"  Nebraska. 

TOPEKA,  KANSAS. 

Read  this: 

Senator  Joseph  L.  Bristow,  of  Kansas,  in  debate 
over  District  of  Columbia  Prohibition  measure,  Jan- 
uary 15,  1915: 

"I  am  glad  to  say  that  I  live  in  a  State  where 
men  and  women  have  been  born  and  have  grown 
to  manhood  and  womanhood  and  have  never  seen 
a  saloon.  It  is  a  disgrace  to  the  nation  that  when 
they  come  to  visit  its  capital  these  sources  of 
moral  pestilence  to  society  should  be  open,  and 
thereby  invite  them  to  enter  and  corrupt  their 
morals  and  debase  their  natures." 
From  Congressional  Record,  page  16S3. 

Then  read  this: 

Population  (1910  Federal  Census): 

Cincinnati   363,591 

Topcka    43,684 

Arrests  for  drunkenness  (1914): 

Cincinnati     1,358 

Topcka    6S1 

How  drunkenness  arrests  compare: 

Cincinnati — One  for  every  267  residents. 
Topcka — One  for  every  04  residents. 

2'> 


NOTE — In  making  this  comparison,  it  must  be 
kept  in  mind  that,  as  the  only  legal  way  to  get  liquor 
in  Kansas  is  by  shipment  from  outside  the  State, 
there  is,  beyond  all  doubt,  a  greater  tendency  to 
secret  drinking  in  the  homes  and  elsewhere  than 
there  \vould  be  in  a  license  community  like  Cincin- 
nati. Topeka  arrests  are  likely  therefore  not  to  be 
an  entirely  adequate  index  to  the  actual  amount  of 
drunkenness  in  the  capital  of  the  State  that  has  had 
"Prohibition"  for  some  35  years  and  that  is  lauded 
by  Prohibitionists  as  the  banner  Prohibition   State. 

Remember,  also,  that  Cincinnati  is  a  big  city, 
with  all  the  drawbacks  incident  to  a  congested  city 
population,  while  Topeka  is  a  small  city. 

KANSAS  VERSUS  THE  LICENSE  STATES. 
The  Case  Against  Prohibition  Ka-nsas. 

(NOTE — The  States  referred  to  as  "License 
States"  were  license  at  the  time  these  reports  were 
made.) 

Mr.  Royal  E.  Cabell,  expert  statistician  and  for- 
mer United  States  Commissioner  of  Internal  Reve- 
nue, has  made  an  authoritative  analysis  of  official 
records  from  Washington,  D.  C,  showing  the  posi- 
tion of  "dry"  Kansas  as  compared  with  the  license 
States. 

Mr.  Cabell's  statistics  are  taken  from  the  1910 
Census  of  the  United  States  Government  and  the 
official  records  are  from  the  Census  Bureau  in  Wash- 
ington, D.  C. 

The  States  which  are  referred  to  as  license  States 
had  "license"  lav/s  at  the  time  when  the  1910  Census 
was  taken.  Therefore,  despite  subsequent  changes 
in  the  law  of  these  States,  it  is  permissible  to 
make  this  comparison  showing  the  social  conditions 
in  "dry"  Kansas  and  the  license  States  in  1910. 

Insanity. 

Kansas  had  172.3  insane  per  100,000  population  in 

State  and  private  hospitals.  Ten  license  States  with 
better  records  were: 

New   Mexico 68.43      Kentucky  155.17 

Wyoming    115.71      Utah   92.43 

Florida    113.20      Texas   104.19 

Louisiana  130.78      S.  Dakota 148.96 

Indiana    167.66      Nebraska    167.22 


Pauperism. 

Kansas  had  a  rate  of  43.49  per  100,000  population 
which  was  greater  than  the  rates  of  the  following 
SIX  license  states: 

Louisiana  11.33      Florida 27.60 

S.Dakota 25.00      Minnesota    33.18 

Wyoming    13.57      Texas  22.13 

Divorces. 

The  average  annual  divorce  rate  per  100,000  popu- 
lation from  1898  to  1902  for  Kansas  was  286.  Twenty- 
three  license  states  which  had  smaller  average  di- 
vorce rates  for  this  same  period  were  (per  100,000 
population): 

Rhode  Island 281  Ohio  ZZl 

New  Hampshire 272  Minnesota 161 

Kentucky 237  ^Massachusetts  124 

Florida 226  Pennsylvania 94 

New   Mexico 193  New  Jersey 60 

Vermont 177  New  York 60 

Louisiana 127  Utah  274 

Maryland   114  Illinois  267 

Delaware 43  Nebraska    226 

Missouri 281  Wisconsin    180 

S.Dakota 270  Connecticut    130 

Michigan 257 

The  percentage  of  divorces  granted  to  wives  for 
cruelty  from  1887  to  1906  for  Kansas  was  24.3. 
Fifteen  license  states  with  a  better  record  were: 

Montana 22.7  Ohio  22.6 

New  Alexico 14.8  Kentucky  20.2 

Florida    13.5  Connecticut    19.8 

Delaware    10.4  Wyoming    15.9 

Maryland  2.7  Utah   12.3 

Massachusetts  22.4  Louisiana 9.9 

Rhode  Island 11.4  New  Jersey 19 

New   York 7.1 

Church  Membership. 

The  percentage  of  church  membership  to  the  total 
population  in  Kansas  was  28.4.  Twenty-eight  license 
states,  having  a  greater  percentage  of  church  mem- 
bership in  proportion  to  the  population,  were: 

New   Mexico 63.3      Minnesota   41.2 

Massachusetts    51.3       Micliigan    38.0 

New    York 43.7       Indiana    34.6 


Vermont    43.0 

New  Jersey 39.0 

Illinois    38.3 

Kentucky  37.0 

Nevada  35.3 

Texas 34.7 

Nebraska 33.4 

Utah  _ 54.6 

Louisiana    50.6 

Wisconsin    44.3 

Pennsylvania    43.0 


Maryland    37.1 

Florida    35.2 

Rhode  Island 54.0 

Connecticut    50.0 

New   Hampshire 44.0 

Ohio    39.2 

California    37.1 

Delaware    36.6 

South  Dakota 34.8 

Missouri    35.7 

Montana   32.6 


Juvenile  Delinquents. 

The  rate  of  juvenile  delinquents  in  Kansas  was 
25.68  per_  100,000  population.  Nine  license  states 
with  less  juvenile  delinquents  were: 


Louisiana    6.90 

Florida    13.06 

Utah    '20.81 

Texas    4.75 

Minnesota   18.93 


Montana    23.51 

S.  Dakota 17.75 

New   Mexico 5.31 

Nebraska   11.17 


Murder. 


Kansas  had  11.36  murders  per  100,000  population. 
The  nineteen  states  that  had  less  homicides  in  pro- 
portion to  the  population  were: 


New  Mexico 3.00 

New  Hampshire. . .  4.40 

Utah  6.21 

Minnesota 6.66 

Pennsylvania 6.99 

Ohio   7.47 

Vermont    7.71 

Connecticut 10.81 

Wisconsin    6.22 

Rhode  Island 6.66 


Indiana  9.62 

Massachusetts    4.28 

South  Dakota 6.03 

New  York 6.24 

Nebraska    6.97 

New  Jersey 7.31 

Michigan    7.65 

Delav/are   10.00 

Illinois  11.29 


Prisoners  of  All  Kinds. 

Kansas  had  a  rate  of  90.94  prisoners  of  all  kinds 
per  100,000  population.  Six  license  states  having 
less  prisoners  in  proportion  to  the  population  were: 

Wisconsin    71.88       Nebraska    55.12 

South   Dakota 48.10       Minnesota   77.92 

Ohio   84.13       IlHnois    90.78 


Savings  Accounts. 

The  report  of  the  Comptroller  of  the  Currency  giv- 
ing the  number  of  savings  depositors  in  mutual  and 
stock  savings  banks  all  over  the  country  on  June  4, 
1913,  shows  that  Kansas  had  1,148  savings  depositors 
for  each  100,000  of  population.  The  twenty-four 
license  states  having  a  greater  number  of  depositors 
in  proportion  to  the  population  than  Kansas,  were 
(per  100,000): 

Alassachusetts 63,411      New  York 32,065 

Vermont    32,167       Minnesota 5,320 

Delaware    16,362       Kentucky  1,819 

Louisiana  7,545       Wyoming    1,405 

Pennsylvania 6,064       Indiana  1,219 

Wisconsin    3,158  New   Hampshire..  .47,581 

Nebraska    1,669       California    31,562 

New  Mexico 1,483       ^Maryland   20,939 

Montana    1,260       Utah   12,714 

Connecticut    52,200       Michigan 6,452 

Rhode    Island 25,312       Ohio   6,676 

New  Jersey 12,735      Nevada   1,819 

GREAT  MEN  AND  TEMPERANCE. 

T  S  it  not  strange  that  wet  England  produced  a 
*•  Shakespeare,  wet  Germany  a  Schiller,  a  Bis- 
marck, wet  America  a  Jefferson,  a  Washington  and 
a  Lincoln,  while  prohibition  Turkey  never  produced 
a  single  great  man  in  all  the  centuries  since  Mo- 
hammed?" 

Its  religion  and  civilization  both  rest  upon  pro- 
hibition. The  beer  drinking  Rulgars  were  more 
than  a  match  for  the  dry  Turks.  There  is  today 
not  a  single  example  of  superior  manhood  in  the 
Turkish  Empire.  The  prohibition  Turks  trail  at  the 
tail  end  of  civilization.  They  arc  inferior  in  every- 
thing except  bigotry,  brutality  and  ignorance.  Pro- 
hibition has  utterly  failed  to  elevate  the  standard 
of  manhood  and  morality  in  the  only  country  in 
the  world  where  it  is  a  success. 

It  is  a  matter  of  history  that  very  few  really 
great  men  were  total  abstainers.  Men  of  character 
and  ability,  like  Gladstone,  Asquith  and  Salisbury; 
giants  of  intellect  like  Carlyle,  Macaulay,  Tennyson, 
Bismarck,  Milton,  Shakespeare,  Luther,  Bunyan, 
Wellington,  Pitt,  Socrates,  Napoleon,  Darwin,  Dick- 
ens, and  a  host  of  others,  were  temperate,  but  not 
total  abstainers.  / 

SG 


K 


Webster,  Hawthorne  and  Clay  were  never  total 
abstainers, 

Washington  and  Jefferson  owned  distilleries,  and 
Lincoln  ran  a  tavern  in  Salem  at  one  time  during 
his  career. 

RUSSIA  AND  PROHIBITION. 

The  Montgomery,  Alabama,  Advertiser,  in  its 
issue  of  February  8,  1915,  has  the  following  to  say 
of  prohibition  in  Russia: 

'USSIA'S  imperial  decreee,  issued  six  months 
ago  ordering  prohibition  of  the  sale  and 
manufacture  of  vodka  in  that  empire,  presents 
one  ©f  the  most  interesting  experiments  yet 
tried  in  man's  long  conflict  with  intemperance. 
It  is  not  just  to  say  that  prohibition  has  beei? 
either  a  full  success  or  a  complete  failure  in 
Russia;  it  has  not  entirely  banished  intemper- 
ance, and  it  may  have  conferred  some  benefits. 

The  reports  from  Petrograd  show  that  no 
less  than  1,800  moonshine  vodka  stills  have  been 
located  by  Russian  officers  in  the  past  six  months. 
In  addition  the  Ways  and  Means  Committee 
of  the  Russian  Duma  has  found  it  necessary  to 
adopt  radical  means  for  replacing  the  revenue 
once  drawn  by  the  Government  from  the  sale 
of  vodka.  These  means  involve  the  Government 
assuming  a  monopoly  on  tea,  tobacco,  oil, 
matches  and  insurance  of  every  kind.  This 
means  that  the  Government  will  assume  com- 
plete charge  of  these  commodities,  their  manu- 
facture and  sale;  it  means  that  men  now  engaged 
in  the  business  of  dealing  in  these  commodities 
\vill  be  forced  to  retire.  Employees  in  such  busi- 
ness, however,  in  many  instances  will  find  jobs 
v/ith  the  Government.  Such  a  measure  as  is 
proposed  by  the  Russian  Duma  would  not  be 
tolerated  in  America.  This  brings  up  the  inter- 
esting fact  that  prohibition  is  being  tried  under 
most  favorable  auspices  in  Russia.  The  country 
is  a  rank  autocracy.  There  are  no  hereditary 
rights  of  liberty,  such  as  the  people  of  America 
believe  in,  that  the  rulers  of  Russia  are  bound 
to  respect. 

"An  imperial  decree  Is  all  that  Is  needed  to 
make  a  law.  Again,  the  Government  of  Russia 
had  a  monopoly  of  the  manufacture  and  sale  of 

37 


vodka.  There  was  nobody  else  in  the  business 
in  Russia.  The  Russian  Government,  the  sole 
proprietor  of  the  business,  announced  to  the  peo- 
ple that  vodka  was  bad  for  them  and  they  should 
not  have  it  in  the  future,  and  it  announced  that 
as  a  sole  participant  in  the  business,  it  was  go- 
ing out  of  the  business. 

"The  Russian  experiment,  it  cannot  be  denied, 
had  some  effect  on  public  sentiment  in  America. 
The  organized  publicity  forces  of  the  Anti-Sa- 
loon League  used  the  Russian  experiment,  more 
or  less  effectively  for  its  effect  on  American 
sentiment.  Thinking  people,  of  course,  realized 
that  the  imperial  decree  was  but  another  experi- 
ment under  new  conditions,  in  dealing  with  the 
question  of  alcohol.  The  published  claims  that 
prohibition  has  worked  a  revolution  among  the 
lives  of  the  people  of  Russia  are  as  ridiculous 
as  would  be  the  claims  that  it  was  a  rank  fail- 
ure. The  final  verdict  on  it  has  not  and  cannot 
yet  be  written. 

"In  the  meanwhile,  it  is  well  for  the  world 
at  large  to  get  a  whole  and  not  one-sided  view 
of  the  question.  The  other  side  is  presented  in 
the  statement  from  official  sources  that  no  less 
than  1,800  moonshine  vodka  stills  have  been 
discovered  and  that  tlie  Russian  Government 
has  been  forced  to  adopt  the  radical  policy  of 
assuming  charge  of  a  large  part  of  the  com- 
merce of  the  country. 

"In  the  meanwhile  there  is  one  real,  out  and 
out  prohibition  nation  engaged  in  the  European 
war.     That  nation  is  Turkey." 

LIQUOR  BUSINESS  AND  TAXES. 

"T^HE  liquor  business  has  resisted  all  the  assaults 
*  against  it,  not  because  of  a  few  people  who 
desire  to  sell  liquor,  but  because  of  the  millions  of 
the  American  public  who  desire  to  use  liquors. 

Remember  that  the  United  States  Government 
and  the  government  of  every  individual  state  in  the 
L^nion  is  in  partnership  with  tiic  liquor  business. 
The  United  States  demands  and  accepts  a  percentage 
of  the  profits,  but  contributes  nothing  to  the  invest- 
ment and  pays  no  part  of  tlie  expenses  of  the  busi- 
ness. 

The  liquor  industry  is  the  fifth  largest  industry 
in  the  nation,  paying  over  a  quarter  of  a  billion  of 

S8 


dollars  taxes  annually,  which  amount  is  over  one- 
third  of  the  total  income  of  the  United  States  Gov- 
ernment. These  same  taxes  paid  the  bulk  of  the 
pensions  resulting  from  the  Civil  War.  These  same 
taxes  helped  build  the  Panama  Canal;  helped  build 
our  navy  and  army,  and  are  instrumental  in  all  the 
vast  workings  of  the  National  Government. 

The  prohibitionist  does  not  offer  a  substitute  for 
the  loss  of  this  vast  sum. 

Where  will  the  deficit  be  made  up? 

Who  will  have  to  make  it  up? 

Prohibition  would  destroy  investments,  proper- 
ties and  good  will — amounting  to  billions  without 
compensating  the  owner.  Prohibition  would  rob  the 
Government  of  over  one-third  its  income  without 
making  up  the  deficit  that  will  follow. 

All  this  to  satisfy  a  fanatical  desire  on  the  part 
of  a  well-paid,  agitating  minority. 

10,000  MOONSHINE  STILLS  BROKEN  UP. 

PjURING  the  last  four  years  there  have  been 
'-^  detected  and  seized  approxiinately  10,000  illicit 
distilleries  in  eight  of  our  Southern  States.  During 
the  same  period  in  all  other  states  of  the  Union 
there  have  been  detected  and  seized  but  63  illicit 
distilleries,  says  the  Internal  Revenue  Review. 

The  ?nternal  revenue  statistics  show  that  the 
number  of  legal  distilleries,  viz.,  those  who  qualify 
and  operate  in  strict  conformity  wath  the  Govern- 
ment laws  and  regulations,  has  never  exceeded  1,000 
in  any  given  year.  In  other  words,  there  are  de- 
tected every  year  more  than  twice  as  many  illicit 
distilleries  as  there  are  legal  distilleries,  and  these 
illegal  distilleries  are  confined  to  states  where  pro- 
hibition obtains  almost  totally. 

The  figures  given  do  not,  of  course,  represent 
the  full  number  of  illicit  distilleries  in  operation 
throughout  the  country.  They  simply  mean  the 
illicit  distilleries  which  have  been  detected  and  seized 
by  Government  officers. 

The  following  figures  have  been  compiled  from 
the  annual  reports  of  the  commissioners  of  internal 
revenue,  and  show  just  how  "moonshining"  or  illicit 
distillation  of  liquor  is  increasing,  notwithstanding 
our  drastic  laws  and  regulations.  These  figures 
prove  beyond  a  question  that  the  Government  is  not 


able  to  meet  conditions  which  are  complained  of 
by  those  of  our  people  who  are  opposed  to  the  man- 
ufacture and  sale  of  intoxicating  liquors.  And  as 
further  evidence  of  the  increase  of  "moonshining" 
we  quote  the  following  statistics,  taken  from  the 
reports  of  the  commissioners,  showing  the  increase 
in  seizure  of  illicit  stills  from  the  year  1885  to  the 
present  time: 


1885... 

.  .  245 

1895.., 

...1,874 

1905.., 

. . .  1,053 

1S8G. . . 

..  564 

1896... 

...1,905 

1906.., 

...1,376 

1887... 

.  .  456 

1897.. 

.  .  .2,273 

1907.. 

...1,139 

1888.  .  . 

.  .  518 

1898.., 

...2,391 

1908.. 

.  .  .1,130 

1889..  . 

.  .  466 

1899.., 

.  .  .2,190 

1909.., 

...1,743 

1890... 

.  .  583 

1900.., 

.  .  .1,955 

1910.. 

. .  .1,911 

1891... 

.  .  795 

1901.. 

...1,315 

1911.. 

...2,471 

1892... 

.  .  852 

1902.., 

...1,094 

1912.. 

...2,466 

1893... 

.  .  806 

1903.. 

...1,388 

1913.. 

...2,375 

1894... 

,  .  .1,016 

1904.. 

...1,018 

1914.. 
1915.. 

...2,677 
...3,832 

The  statistics  which  we  herein  present  arc  au- 
thentic and  show  beyond  the  shadow  of  a  doubt 
that  the  Government  is  unable  to  control  the  illicit 
production  of  intoxicating  beverages.  It  proves,  too, 
tliat  the  deeper  we  go  into  prohibitory  regulation  the 
greater  the  violation  of  the  law.  Looking  at  it  from 
a  purely  taxable  basis,  we  know  that  if  the  Govern- 
ment cannot  suppress  "moonshining"  in  sparsely 
populated  states,  it  cannot  enforce  a  national  pro- 
liibitivc  law. 


DRY  LAWS  ROBBED  OF  THEIR  TERROR. 

4t\A7IIY  worry  about  prohibition?"  was  asked  by 
•  »  a  well-known  official  todav  as  he  left  the  De- 
partment of  Agriculture,  after  a  cursory  examination 
of  the  patent  medicine  exhibits  in  the  Bureau  of 
Chemistry.  Here  are  some  of  the  patent  medicines 
and  the  amount  of  alcohol  contained  in  each,  accord- 
ing to  labels  in  possession  of  the  Department  of 
Agriculture: 

Per  cent 

Hamlin's    Wizard    Oil 65 

Hall's  Great  Discovery •. .  .43 

Hankin's    Remedy 22 

40 


rainc's    Celery    Compound 20 

Wine  of  Cardul 20 

Peruna  18 

Lydia  E.  Pinkham's  Vegetable  Compound 18 

Rexall's   Rheumatic   Remedy 18 

Electric  Brand  Bitters 18 

Buchu  Juniper  Compound 16 

— New  York  Tribune. 

THE  ARMY  CANTEEN. 

T  N  1913,  according  to  the  report  of  the  Surgeon 
■*•  General  of  the  U.  S.,  our  "canteenless"  army 
had  a  death  rate  of  4.95  per  cent.  In  1912,  the  army 
of  Great  Britain,  with  the  canteen,  had  the  remarka- 
bly low  rate  of  2.34  per  cent.  In  1910  France  had  a 
rate  of  3.01  per  cent  in  her  military  forces.  In  1911 
the  Prussian  army  death  rate  was  2.0.  The  Bavarian 
rate  in  the  same  year  was  1.9  per  cent. 

In  all  of  the  four  countries  last  mentioned,  the 
use  of  wines,  whiskey  and  beer  were  permitted  in 
the  army,_but  in  no  case  was  the  death  rate  as  high 
as  in  the  United  States.  Similar  conditions  of  serv- 
ice occurred  in  practically  all  of  the  countries  named. 
Where  then  is  the  evil  of  the  canteen?  Evidently 
if  any  conclusion  is  to  be  drawn  from  these  figures, 
it  should  be  that  the  presence  of  malt  and  spirituous 
beverages  has  aided  in  sustaining  life  in  the  armies 
of   Europe. 

The  Stars  and  Stripes  have  been  successfully 
carried  over  many  battle  fields  in  many  wars  since 
the  birth  of  our  nation.  Our  soldiers  won  the  Revo- 
lutionary War;  they  won  the  war  of  1812;  the  Civil 
War;  the  Mexican  War,  and  the  Spanish-American 
War.  Throughout  all  of  these  campaigns  the  can- 
teen was  carried  well  supplied  Avith  whiskey. 
Whiskey  was  part  of  the  daily  ration  of  the  troops. 
The  United  States  of  America  through  their  armies 
has  always  been  successful.  We  knov/  what  we  can 
do  Vvath  whiskey,  but  we  do  not  know  what  we  can 
do  without  it.  Since  all  good  judgment  is  based  upon 
experience  and  the  evidence  at  hand,  upon  what 
contention  can  the  prohibitionist  base  his  claim  that 
the  efficiency  of  our  fighting  force  would  be  pro- 
moted by  enforcing  prohibition  in  the  army  and 
navy  ? 

41 


AVERAGE   COST  OF  DRINK  TO  AMERICAN 
FAMILY  IS  LOW— LABOR  DEPART- 
MENT REPORTS. 

A  RECENT  dispatch  from  Washington  tells  of 
'**  an  interesting  report  on  the  average  cost  of 
drink  to  families  that  use  intoxicating  liquors.  This 
report  was  issued  by  the  Department  of  Labor. 

Recently  the  Department  received  a  communica- 
tion from  the  National  Wholesale  Liquor  Dealers 
Association  stating  that  the  Association  had  heard 
the  Department  had  found  that  the  average  cost  a 
day  for  each  person  for  intoxicating  drink  was  4 
cents.  The  Association  wanted  to  know  about  it. 
An  investigation  was  made.  It  was  found  that  out 
of  3,260  family  budgets  examined  1,329  were  found 
to  use  intoxicants  at  an  average  cost  a  family  of 
$19  60  a  year. 

In  the  second  investigation,  5,284  family  budgets 
were  examined,  and  1,735  families  were  found  to 
have  spent  $29.74  a  year  each  for  intoxicating  liquor. 
In  the  third  instance  2,567  family  expenditures  were 
looked  into  and  1,302  families  were  found  to  spend 
an  average  of  $24.53  a  year  for  intoxicants. 

These  investigations  show  an  average  cost  lower 
than  that  of  whicli  the  National  Wholesale  Liquor 
Dealers  Association  had  been  informed. 

SAMUEL  GOMPERS  ON  PROHIBITION. 

CAMUEL  GOMPERS,  in  a  letter  to  Richard 
*^  Pearson  Hobson,  quoted  in  the  Long  Branch 
Daily  Record,  makes  the  following  unmistakable 
declaration  of  his  sentiments  concerning  prohibition: 

"I  am  frank  enough  to  say  that  I  am  out  of 
harmony  with  the  prohibition  movement.  I  know 
of  a  better  way  other  than  by  legalized  prohibition 
to  secure  temperance  and  the  temperate  habits  in 
any  of  the  personal  activities  of  men. 

"There  is  no  movement  in  all  the  country  so  po- 
tent to  make  the  people  temperate  as  is  the  much 
misunderstood  and  misrepresented  organized  labor 
movement  of  the  country.  Increasing  wages,  estab- 
lishing a  shorter  workday,  affording  better  tastes, 
better  aspirations,  higher  ideals,  which  the  better 
standard  of  living  and  freedom  of  burdensome  hours 

42 


of  toil  will  bring,  the  opportunity  for  better  homes 
and  surroundings,  and  better  working  conditions,  all 
of  these,  I  repeat,  have  been  more  potent  in  estab- 
lishing temperance  and  temperance  habits  than  to 
inaugurate  prohibition  by  law." 

There  is  much  to  be  considered  in  that. 


EFFECT    ON    CAPITAL    AND    LABOR. 

PROHIBITION  means  that  the  capital  invested  in 
^     the  liquor  business  must  go  elsewhere. 

Billions  of  dollars  to  go  into  other  lines  of  indus- 
try now  crowded  and  surrounded  by  keen  competi- 
tion. Thousands  of  men  and  women  without  em- 
ployment reduced  to  common  labor  and  compelled 
to  compete  anew  w^th  all  labor.  This  competition 
affects  not  only  the  man  who  loses  his  position,  but 
affects  the  man  w'ho  has  one.  For  the  former  is 
after  the  position  of  the  latter  and  if  necessity  drives 
him,  will  w^ork  for  less  to  gain  some  kind  of  employ- 
ment. Then  what  happens  to  the  labor  market?  It 
is  flooded.  It  Is  not  fair  to  expect  the  man  who  has 
learned  a  trade,  served  his  apprenticeship  and  at- 
tained a  position  which  pays  him  a  good  living  wage, 
to  give  all  this  up  and  begin  over  as  a  common 
laborer  without  even  an  assurance  of  receiving  that 
kind  of  employment. 


ARRESTS   FOR   DRUNKENNESS   INCREASES 

DURING  ANTI-SALOON  LEAGUE 

CONVENTION. 

T  H.  LARIMORE,  Mayor  of  Westerville,  O., 
*^  •  made  an  official  call  this  morning  on  Mayor 
William  Riddle,  of  Atlantic  City. 

"Our  arrests  for  drunkenness  have  Increased  since 
your  convention  came  to  town,"  said  Mayor  Riddle. 

"Is  that  so?"  said  Mayor  Larimore. 

"Yes.  You  know  when  you  start  In  to  tell  a  man 
that  he  mustn't  do  a  certain  thing,  and  keep  on 
telling  him,  he  wants  to  go  out  and  do  that  very 
thing." 

Then  the  Mayors  talked  woman  suffrage. — New 
York  World. 

43 


PATENT  MEDICINES  SELL  WELL  IN  "DRY" 
TERRITORY— TONICS    AND    BITTERS. 

(From  report  of  Massachusetts  State  Board  of 
Health,  1902.) 

"The  following  were  examined  for  the  purpose 
of  ascertaining  the  percentage  of  alcohol  in  each. 
Some  of  them  have  been  recommended  as  temper- 
ance drinks  : 

Per  Cent  of 

Alcohol  (by 

volume) 

"Best"  Tonic 7.6 

Carter's    Physical    Extract 22.0 

Hooker's  Wigwam  Tonic 20.7 

Hoofland's  German  Tonic 29.3 

Hop  Tonic 7.0 

Howe's  Arabian  Tonic,  "not  a  rum  drink" 13.2 

Jackson's  Golden  Seal  Tonic 19.6 

Liebig  Company's  Coca  Beef  Tonic 23.2 

Mensman's  Peptonized  Beef  Tonic 16.5 

Parker's  Tonic,  "purely  vegetable,"  recommended 

for  inebriates 41.6 

Schcnk's  Sea  Weed  Tonic,  "entirely  harmless".  .19.5 

Atwood's  Quinine  Tonic  Bitters 29.2 

L.  T.  Atwood's  Jaundice  Bitters 22.3 

Moses  Atwood's  Jaundice  Bitters 17.1 

Baxter's   Mandrake   Bitters 16.5 

Boker's   Stomach   Bitters 42.6 

Brown's  Iron  Bitters 19.7 

Burdock  Blood  Bitters 25.2 

Carter's    Scotch    Bitters 17.6 

Colton's  Bitters 27.1 

Copp's  White  Mountain  Bitters,  "not  an  alcoholic 

beverage"    6.0 

Drake's  Plantation  Bitters 33.2 

Flint's  Quaker  Bitters 21.4 

Goodlnie's   Bitters 16.1 

Greene's    Ncrvura 17.2 

Hartshorn's    Bitters 22.2 

Hooflander's     German     Bitters,     "entirely     vege- 
table and  free  from  alcoholic  stimulant". ..  .25.6 

Hop   Bitters 12.0 

Hostettcr's  Stomach  Bitters 44.3 

Kaufman's  Sulphur  Bitters,  "contains  no  alcohol" 
(as  a  matter  of  fact,  it  contains  20.5  per  cent 

of  alcohol  and  no  sulphur) 20.5 

a 


Kingsley's  Iron  Tonic 14.9 

Langley's  Bitters 18.1 

Liverpool's    Mcxicon    Tonic    Bitters 23.4 

Paine's   Celery  Coniponnd 21.4 

Pierce's    Indian    Restorative    Bitters 6.1 

Puritana 22.0 

Z.  Porter's  Stomach  Bitters 27.9 

Pulnionine    16.0 

Rush's  Bitters 35.0 

Richardson's  Concentrated  Sherry  Wins  Bitters. .47.5 

Secor's  Conshona  Bitters 13.1 

Shonyo's  German  Bitters 21.5 

Job  Sweet's  Strengthening  Bitters 29.0 

Thurston's  Old  Continental  Bitters 11.4 

Warner's  Vinegar  Bitters,  "contains  no  spirit"..    6.1 

Warner's  Safe  Tonic  Bitters 35.7 

Warren's  Bilious  Bitters 21.5 

Wheeler's  Tonic  Sherry  Wine  Bitters 18.8 

Wheat    Bitters 13.6 

Faith  Whitcomb's   Nerve   Bitters -. 20.3 

Dr.  William's  Vegetable  Jaundice  Bitters 18.5 

Whiskol,  "a  non-intoxicating  stimulant,  whiskey 

without  it's  sting" _. 28.2 

Golden    Liquid    Beef    Tonic,    "recommended    for 

treatment  of  alcoholic  habit" 26.5 

Ayer's  Sarsaparilla 26.2 

Thayer's  Compound  Extract  of   Sarsaparilla. ..  .21.5 

Hood's    Sarsaparilla    18.8 

Allen's    Sarsaparilla 13.5 

Dana's     Sarsaparilla ._ 13.5 

Brown's    Sarsaparilla 13.5 

Corbett's  Shaker  Sarsaparilla 8.8 

Radway's  Resolvent 7.9 

"The  dose  recommended  upon  the  labels  of  the 
foregoing  preparations  varied  from  a  teaspoonful 
to  a  wineglass  full,  and  the  frequency  also  varied 
from  one  to  four  times  a  day,  'increased  as  needed.' 

"Also  the  following  medicines  for  alcohol": 

Hoflf's  Extract  of  Alalt  and  Iron 5.24 

Peruna     28.59 

Vinol,  Wine  of  Cod  Liver  Oil 18.88 

Lydia  Pinkham's  Vegetable  Compound 20.61 

Dr.  Killmer's  Swamp  Root 7.32 

Dr.  Peter's  Kuriko 14.00 

These   are   the    favorite   substitutes   in   "dry" 
territory. 

How  do  they  compare  with  beer,  wine  and 
whiskey? 

45 


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NUMBER    OF    CITIES    OF    25,000   AND    MORE 

POPULATION  IN  "V/ET"  AND  "DRY" 

STATES. 


Wet- 
California  12 

Connecticut    12 

Delaware    1 

Dist.  of  Colu:riL)ia 1 

Florida    3 

Illinois    16 

Indiana    S 

Kentucky 5 

Louisiana 2 

Maryland   1 

Massachusetts  27 

Michigan    10 

Minnesota    3 

Missouri    5 

Montana    1 

Nebraska    3 

Nevada   0 

New  Hampshire    2 

New  Jersey IG 

New  Mexico    0 

New   York 20 

Pennsylvania    20 

Ohio    IG 

Rhode    Island 7 

S.    Dakota...  0 

Texas    9 

Utah    2 

Vermont     0 

Wisconsin    0 

Wvonvinir         0 


Dry- 
Alabama    3 

Arizona   0 

Arkansas    2 

Colorado     3 

Georgia     4 

Idaho    1 

Iowa    9 

Kansas    3 

Maine    3 

Mississippi     1 

N.    Carolina 3 

N.  Dakota   0 

Oklahoma    3 

Oregon 1 

S.   Carolina 2 

Tennessee    4 

Virginia    6 

Washington     5 

W.    Vireinin  .  .  3 


211 


48 


LINES    OF    INDUSTRY    AFFECTED    BY 
PROHIBITION. 


Beer  Pump  Mfrs. 

Bottle  Cap  Mfrs. 

Bottle  Machinery  Mfrs. 

Bottle   Makers. 

Box  Makers. 

Brass   Workers. 

Brewers. 

Bread  Makers. 

Butchers. 

Carpenters. 

Cask  Mfrs. 

Charcoal   Mfrs. 

Coal  Dealers. 

Coal  Miners. 

Commercial  Agencies 

Coopers. 

Coppersmiths. 

Cork   Cutters. 

Cork  Dealers. 

Cigar  Dealers. 

Cigar  Mfrs. 

Cracker    Bakers. 

Delicatessen   Dealers. 

Disinfectant    Mfrs.    and 

Dealers. 
Distillers. 
Engine  Builders. 
Farmers. 
Filter  Mfrs. 
Fixture  Mfrs. 
Foundries. 
Glassware  Dealers. 
Glassware    Mfrs    . 
Grain    Dealers. 
Grain   Elevators. 
Grape   Growers. 
Hardware   Dealers. 
Hardware    Mfrs. 
Harness  Makers. 
Horse  Dealers. 


Plorseshoers. 

Ice   Machine  Mfrs. 

Ice  Dealers. 

Ice   Mfrs. 

Iron  Hoop  Mfrs. 

Lithographers. 

Liquor   Dealers. 

Maltsters. 

Meat  Dealers. 

Motor   Truck    Mfrs. 

Motor  Truck  Dealers. 

Musical   Instruments. 

Nail  Mfrs.  and  Dealers, 

Oil  Refiners  and  Dealers, 

Paint  Mfrs.  and  Dealers. 

Painters. 

Paper  Mfrs. 

Pipe    Fitters   and 

Plumbers. 
Pipe   Mfrs. 

Potters.  __ 

Pump  Mfrs. 
Pretzel   Makers. 
Printers. 

Printers'  Ink   Mfrs, 
Railroads. 
Real  Estate. 
Refrigerator  Mfrs. 
Seal  Mfrs. 
Sign   Mfrs. 
Stationers. 

Talking    Machines,    etc. 
Tank  Builders. 
Teamsters. 
Telephone. 
Tobacco    Growers. 
Tobacco  Dealers. 
Wagon   Makers. 
Wine  Makers. 


49 


WHO  WILL  MAKE  UP  THIS  DEFICIT? 

United  States  Statistical  Abstract— 1914— Table  No. 
330 — Customs  and  Internal  Revenue  Collected  on 
Distilled  Spirits,  Wines  and  Malt  Liquors  with 
Total  National  Revenue  and  Percentage — Year 
Ending  June  30,  1914. 

(Sources:  Customs  revenue  from  annual  re- 
port on  Commerce  and  Navigation.  Bureau  of 
Foreign  and  Domestic  Commerce,  Department  of 
Commerce;  internal  revenue  from  reports  of  the 
Commissioner  of  Internal  Revenue,  Treasury  De- 
partment.) 

Source.  1914. 

Customs  Revenue:  (dollars) 

From    malt    liquors $1,916,000 

From  wine    6,509,000 

From  distilled   spirits...  ..    10,780,000 


Total    $19,205,000 

[ntemal  Revenue:    Other  Than  License  Duties — 

Frorii    malt    liquors $  66,1S;5,000 

From  distilled   spirits 153,546,000 


Total     5;219,651,000 

License  Duties: 

For    the    manufacture    of    malt    liquors 

and   distilled  spirits $    425,000 

For  the  sale  of  malt  liquors  and  dis- 
tilled  spirits 6,104,000 


Total   .  .$6,529,000 

Total  Internal  Revenue: 

From    alcoholic    beverages.  $226,180,000 

Total  Internal  Revenue  and  Custom  Receipts: 

From   alcoholic   beverages $245,385,000 

Total  National  Ordinary  Receipts: 

From  all  sources $734,673,167 

The  liquor  industry,  then,  paid  into  the  Treasury 
'A  the  National  Government  for  the  year  1914, 
^245,385,000,  which  is  over  one-third  of  the 
>734. 673,167,  which  represents  the  total  ordinary 
eccipts  of  the  United  States  Treasury  from  all 
-ources  for  the  same  year. 


The  total  revenue  received  by  tlie  various  states 
of  the  Union  in  1913,  in  the  form  of  liquor  licenses, 
was  $20,992,857. 

The  total  revenue  received  by  the  various  coun- 
ties of  the  Union  in  1913,  in  the  form  of  liquor 
licenses  was  $6,600,010. 

The  total  revenue  received  by  the  various  incor- 
porated places  of  the  Union  in  1913,  having  a  popu- 
lation of  2,500  and  over,  was  $51,955,001. 

The  total  amount  paid  into  the  National  Treas- 
ury; the  state,  county  and  municipal  treasuries,  for 
1913,  was  $328,527,868. 

This  is  the  revenue  that  the  Anti-Saloon  League 
wishes  to  destroy. 


SAVING  ACCOUNTS— U.  S.  CENSUS,  1910. 

The  Tables  Which  Follow  Compare  Social   Condi- 
tions in  "Wet"  and  "Dry"  States. 

The  average  savings  of  each  depositor  in  the 
savings  banks  of  the  United  States  is  $439.07.  A 
comparison  of  eight  "dry"  states  and  eight  "wet" 
states. 

Prohibition  States. 

Kansas    $231.69 

Maine 403.01 

West  Virginia 168.01 

North  Carolina...    171.56 

Georgia    239.54 

Mississippi 280.97 

Tennessee 262.27 

North  Dakota 207.15 

Average  for  8 

"dry"  states $245.53 


License  States. 

New  Hampshire.  .$468.18 

Rhode  Island 544.93 

New  York 545.90 

California    523.48 

Montana 522.97 

Nevada   781.39 

Ohio 356.78 

Pennsylvania   ....    423.17 
Average  for  8 

"wet"  states $520.85 


DIVORCES. 

United  States  Statistical  Abstract  for  1913,  Page 
83,  Table  No.  55 — "Divorces  per  100,000  of  married 
population  1900."  A  comparison  of  9  "dry"  and  9 
"wet"  states. 


Number  Per 
Prohibtion  100,000 

States  Population 

Georgia   78 

Kansas    286 


Number  Per 
License  100,000 

States.  Population. 

Connecticut    130 

Delaware 43 


Alaine  .^ 282      Louisiana 127 

Mississippi    225       Maryland 114 


51 


North    Carolina 75 

North  Dakota 268 

Oklahoma  346 

Tennessee    261 

West  Virginia 183 

Average  number  for  9 
"dry"  states 222 


Minnesota    161 

New  Jersey 60 

NtA^  York 60 

Pennsylvania  94 

Massachusetts  124 

Average  number  for  9 
"wet"  states 101 


LABOR. 

Special  Bulletin  on  Manufactures,  U.  S.  Census — 
Wage  Earners — per  cent  of  distribution.  United 
States  1007o.      A  comparison  of  9  "dry"  and  9  "wet" 

states. 


Prohibition    Per  Cent  of 
States.        Distribution. 

Kansas 0.7 

North  Carolina 1.8 

Georgia 1.6 

Tennessee 1.1 

Maine 1.2 

West  Virginia 1.0 

Mississippi    0.8 

Oklahoma 0.2 

North  Dakota 0.1 

Average  per  cent  for 
9  "dry"  states 0.9 


License  Per  cent  of 

States.  Distribution. 

New  York 15.2 

Pennsylvania    13.3 

Massachusetts 8.8 

Ohio   6.8 

New  Jersey 4.9 

Illinois   7.0 

A\'isconsin    2.8 

Indiana   2.8 

Connecticut 3.2 

Average  per  cent  for 
9  "wet"  states 7.2 


CHURCH  MEMBERS— U.  S.  CENSUS,  1906. 

Percentage    of    the    Population    Listed    as    Church 

Members. 

Prohibition  States.  License  States. 

Kansas 28.4%      New  York 43.77o 

Maine 29.87o       Massachusetts   51.3% 

West  Virginia 28.0%      Rhode  Island 54.0% 

Some  of  the  other  license  states  that  outrank  the 
prohibitioi'i  states  in  church  membership  by  far,  are 
Illinois  38.3%;  Ohio  39.37o;  Wisconsin  44.37o;  Lou- 
isiana 50.6%;  California  31.1%. 

BUILDING  AND  LOAN  ASSOCIATION. 

United  States  Statistical  Abstract,  1014,  Page  547, 
Table  Xo.  310 — "Building  and  Loan  Association"— 
Number  and  assets  1913.  A  comparison  of  7  "dry** 
ntul  7  "wot"  states. 

62 


Prohibition 
States. 


Number  of 
Assn. 


Kansas 59 

Maine  37 

N.  Carolina...  127 

N.  Dakota 9 

Oklahoma  ....  39 
Tennessee  ....  13 
W.  Virginia. . .  44 

328 


Assets  In  Assets  In 

Millions            License           Number  of  Millions 

of  Dollars,  States.  Assn.       of  Dollars. 

16  California  ...     93  28 

5  Illinois  591  82 

11  Indiana 323  53 

2  New  Jersey. .   643  118 

1  New  York. . .  241  64 

2  Ohio   649  224 

6  Pennsylvania.1710        233 

43                                 4250  802 


ILLITERACY. 


United  States  Statistical  Abstract  1914,  Page  61, 
Tabe  No.  41 — "Illiterate  persons  10  years  of  age  and 
over,  1910." — Percentages.  A  comparison  of  8  "dry" 
states  and  8  "wet"  states. 


rohibitioi 

1     Per  Cent  of 

License 

Per  Cent  of 

States 

Illiterate 

States 

Illiterate 

Population 

Population 

Georgia   20.7 

Kansas    2.2 

Maine    4.1 

Mississippi    22.4 

N,   Carolina 18.5 

Oklahoma    5.6 

Tennessee     13.6 

W.  Virginia 8.3 


California    3.7 

Illinois    3.7 

Indiana  3.1 

Minnesota    3.0 

Nebraska    1.9 

Ohio    3.2 

Vermont    3.7 

Wisconsin     3.2 


Average  per  cent  of 
8  "dry"  states 11. 


Average  per  cent  of 
8   "wet"   states.. ..   3.1 


NOTE — The  percentage  of  illiterates  in  other 
"wet"  states  follows:  Connecticut,  6.0;  Massachu- 
setts, 5.2;  Missouri,  4.3;  Montana,  4.8;  Nevada,  6.7; 
New  Hampshire,  4.6;  New  Jersey  5.6;  New  York, 
5.5;  Pennsylvania,  5.9;  South  Dakota,  2.9. 


PAUPERS. 


United   States   Statistical  Abstract  1914,  Page  56, 
Table  No.  36 — "Paupers  Enumerated  in  Almshouses 
1910,"   number   per  100,000  population.     A  compan 
son  of  7  "dry"  and  7  "wet"  states. 
S3 


Prohibition         No.  of 
States         Paupers  per 
100,000  Pop. 

Georgia  31.2 

Kansas    43.5 

Maine  ^ 127.3 

Mississippi    24.3 

N.    Carolina 63.0 

Tennessee    71.8 

West  Virginia 66.2 

Average  number  for 
7  "dry"  states 61.0 


License  No.  of 

States  Paupers  per 

100,000  Pop. 

Florida   27.5 

Louisiana    11.3 

Minnesota     33.1 

Nebraska    46.2 

S.    Dakota    24.8 

Texas    22.1 

Wyoming   13 

Average  number  for 
7  "wet"  states 25.4 


PRISONERS. 

United  States  Statistical  Abstracts  for  1914,  Page 
58,  Table  No.  38 — "Sentenced  Prisoners  in  Penal 
Institutions  in  1910,"  per  100,000  population.  A 
comparison  of  7  "dry"  and  7  "wet"  states. 

Prohibition         No.  of  License  No.  of 

States        Prisoners^ per        States  Prisoners  per 


100,000  Pop. 

Georgia    191.4 

Kansas    91.1 

Maine     98.3 

Mississippi    127.0 

Oklahoma    101.1 

Tennessee     12.J.7 

W.    Virginia 119.8 

Average  for  7  "dry" 
states    122.0 


100,000  Pop. 

Pennsylvania    106.7 

S.  Dakota 47.8 

Texas     108.0 

Wisconsin     71.8 

Minnesota    77.7 

Nebraska    55.1 

Ohio    84.0 

Average  for  7  "wet" 
states    78.S 


INSANITY. 

United  States  Statistical  Abstracts  1914,  Page  59, 
Table  No.  39 — "Insane  enumerated  in  hospitals  in 
1910,"  per  100,000  population.  A  comparison  of  7 
"dry"  and  7  "wet"  states. 


Prohibition         No.  of 
States  Insane  per 

100,000  Pop. 

Georgia    120.0 

Kansas     172.2 

Maine     169.5 

Mississippi     110.1 

N.    Carolina    114.3 


License 
States 


oinsiana 


No.  of 

Insane  per 
100,000  Pop. 
130.3 


Nebraska    166.9 

Texas    104.0 

Utah    91.6 

Florida    112.8 


54 


N.   Dakota    1G8.8       Indiana    167.6 

W.    Virginia 141.0      Wyoming    1110 

Average  number  for  Average  number  for 

7  "dry"  states 133.7  7  "wet"  states. .  ..126.3 

AGITATORS   VS.  THE   PEOPLE. 

TTHE  public  is  gradually  but  slowly  coming  to 
^  realize  the  truth  of  the  statement  that  the  liquor 
contest  is  not  one  between  the  moral  forces  of  the 
nation  (which  the  Anti-Saloon  League  in  grandilo- 
quent style  calls  itself),  and  the  manufacturers  and 
distributors  of  liquors,  but  is  one  between  the  great 
majority  of  the  American  people,  who  desire  to  use 
the  beverages  of  their  choice  in  peace,  quiet  and 
moderation,  and  a  few  agitators  who  seek  to  deny 
them  the  right  to  do  this. — Home  Rule  Blue  Book, 

SAVE  THE  BOY. 

VKl  E  hear  so  much  from  the  Prohibition  orator 
'  '  about  "saving  the  boy."  There  is  an  argu- 
ment that  refutes  this  statement,  for  besides  the  boy 
that  the  Prohibitionist  wants  to  save,  there  is 
another  boy  whose  welfare  must  be  looked  after. 

The  Anti-Saloon  League  wants  to  save  the  boy 
from  the  saloon  and  the  "temptations  of  liquor."  li 
the  home  influences  of  a  young  man  are  of  the 
proper  kind  there  need  be  no  fear  of  the  failure  of 
that  young  man  to  succeed  in  life.  In  this  nation 
there  are  vast  numbers  of  families  in  which  the 
children  are  familiar  with  beer,  wine  and  whiskey 
and  in  these  same  families  it  is  a  rare  thing  to  find 
an  intemperate  member.  In  Belgium,  beer  is  as 
common  a  drink  among  the  children  as  milk  is  in 
the  United  States,  and  in  Belgium  we  find  more  peo- 
ple over  80  years  of  age  than  in  any  other  country 
of  the  world. 

The  young  man  and  young  woman  of  today  who 
want  to  achieve  moral  success  in  their  lives  must 
realize  the  existence  of  that  law  known  as  the  "free- 
dom of  choice."    All  morality  is  based  upon  this  law. 

The  young  man  who  is  placed  in  a  narrow  trench, 
at  one  end  of  which  is  a  goal,  and  who  is  so  placed 
that  he  is  facing  this  goal  and  must  walk  toward 
it  and  cannot  leave  the  path — this  young  man  is  not 
exercising  free  will.  He  deserves  no  credit  for 
what  he  is  doing  because  he  has  not  had  the  oppor- 
tunity  to   do   otherwise.     True   morality   is    gained 

55 


only  after  the  individual  has  decided  what  is  bad 
and  what  is  good  and  only  after  he  has  resisted 
the  bad  and  has  achieved  the  good.  So  the  young 
man  or  woman  living  in  the  cloistered  home — a 
home  in  which  a  constant  surveilance  is  maintained 
to  keep  from  the  young  folks  the  attractions,  the 
happenings  and  the  occurences  of  daily  life  in  the 
outside  world,  coming  from  this  cloistered  home, 
when  the  barrier  of  restraint  is  let  down,  is  apt  to 
fall.  Constant  association  with  the  benefits  and  pri- 
vileges of  nature  soon  teach  us  by  experience  how  to 
correctly  use  these  benefits  and  privileges. 

There  need  be  no  hue  and  cry  of  "save  the  boy" 
in  regard  to  the  liquor  question  if  that  boy  receives 
proper  home  training  and  if  he,  himself,  is  the  right 
kind  of  a  boy.  If  a  father  or  mother  must  fear  for 
the  welfare  of  their  boy  when  he  is  out  of  their 
presence,  and  if  there  is  any  doubt  in  their  minds 
as  to  his  conduct  and  his  possible  danger  when  he  is 
away  from  his  home,  then  the  parents  of  that  boy 
are  to  blame. 

The  Prohibitionists'  Argument. 

Again  we  hear  that  if  wc  wipe  out  the  liquor  in- 
dustry we  will  save  the  next  generation;  we  will 
have  boys  and  girls  who  have  never  seen  a  saloon. 
Here,  however,  the  argument  of  the  Prohibitionist 
runs  counter  to  a  law  of  nature. 

Men  drink  because  of  their  appetite  for  drink; 
because  of  a  natural  desire,  a  natural  craving  for 
the  beverage  which  they  drink.  Grant  the  absolute 
abolition  of  the  liquor  business  as  represented  today 
by  the  legal  manufacture  of  these  beverages  and  it 
is  safe  to  say  tliat  the  drinking  of  alcoholic  bever- 
ages or  some  similar  substitute  will  continue.  Every 
nation  lias  some  national  beverage  and  tliis  has  al- 
ways been  true  and  always  will  be  true.  If  the  bev- 
erage is  misused,  regulation  of  its  use  follows,  but 
it  is  folly  and  foolishness  to  believe  that  the  bever- 
age or  some  substitute  can  be  made  to  disappear. 
Prohibition  docs,  without  a  doubt,  stop  the  legal 
manufacture  and  sale,  but  it  does  not  stop  the  manu- 
facture and  use  of  tlie  beverage. 

As  to  that  other  boy.  A  dispatch  from  Blucfield, 
W.  \'a.,  Alarch  12,  1014,  told  of  a  nine-year-old  boy, 
<aid  by  the  Federal  authorities  to  be  the  youngest 
bootlegger  on  record,  wlio  was  arrested  in  a  raid  by 


the  United  States  Marshal's  posse  in  the  mountains, 
20  miles  from  Norton.  According  to  Revenue  Offi- 
cers he  was  found  together  with  an  18-year-old 
cousin  operating  a  complete  still  which  had  a  capac- 
ity of  30  gallons.  This  dispatch  was  printed  in  the 
Kansas  City  Star.  Here,  then,  is  one  of  the  results 
of  prohibition.  The  boy  becomes  a  bootlegger,  a 
moonshiner,  and  the  tool  of  the  blind  tiger.  He  not 
only  is  in  constant  contact  with  the  beverage,  but 
further  than  that  he  is  an  associate  in  an  illicit  busi- 
ness. The  patent  medicine,  vile  whiskey  and  imi- 
tation beers,  drugs,  etc.,  that  are  dispensed  in  dry 
territory  through  the  illicit  sellers,  will  have  a  worse 
effect  upon  the  boy  than  those  beverages  which  are 
made  under  the  Government's  supervision  and  which 
are  sold  in  places  which  are  licensed  and  regulated 
by  law. 

There  is  another  boy  and  that  is  the  son  of  the 
wage-earner  whose  wage  depends  upon  his  position 
with  the  liquor  industry.  How  about  the  hundreds 
of  thousands  of  boys  whose  fathers  are  employed 
by  the  distillers,  brev/ers,  bottle  works,  allied  in- 
dustries, etc.,  and  to  whom  prohibition  means  the 
loss  of  their  income  and  the  loss  of  their  daily 
bread? 

Loy  Loses  His  Education. 

Is  it  fair  to  assume  that  after  a  man  has  spent 
a  number  of  years  of  his  life  as  an  apprentice  and 
finally  has  achieved  a  position  of  trust  through  ex- 
perience, bought  by  many  years  of  service,  to  ask 
him  to  cease  that  occupation  which  is  paying  him 
a  living  wage  and  accept  in  exchange,  employment 
as  a  common  laborer?  This  is  what  the  Prohibition- 
ist demands.  Aside  from  the  loss  to  the  individual 
man  there  is  the  loss  to  his  family.  His  boy  loses 
the  opportunity  of  an  education,  he  is  prevented 
from  getting  the  proper  kind  of  food  and  clothing. 
There  must  be  stinting  and  economy  in  the  family 
budget.  Moreover,  in  a  state  like  Ohio,  for  exam- 
ple, w^here  in  one  winter  there  were  200,000  unem- 
ployed; 200,000  men  who  were  out  of  positions  and 
were  walking  the  streets  ready  to  take  any  position 
that  w^as  available — Prohibition  would  add  an  ad- 
ditional 100,000   men. 

The  casting  of  these  extra  thousands  of  men  into 
the  army  of  the  vmem.ployed  would  flood  the  labor 
markets  and  the  disastrous  results  which  would  fol- 


low  would  affect  not  only  those  men  who  had  lost 
their  positions,  but  would  affect  those  who  are  hold- 
ing positions. 

We  must  remember  that  all  classes  of  labor  are 
represented  in  the  liquor  industry.  For  example, 
thousands  of  teamsters  take  the  beer  and  whiskey 
to  the  consumer.  Then  there  are  the  brewers,  the 
clerks,  the  stenographers,  glassworkers,  office  boys, 
salesmen,  carpenters,  lithographers,  printers — all 
these  must  seek  work  elsewhere. 

Prohibitionists  say  that  they  can  go  into  other 
lines  of  work;  easily  said  but  hard  to  do.  In  practi- 
cally all  trades  one  must  serve  an  apprenticeship 
of  three,  four  or  five  years.  Many  of  those  who 
would  lose  their  positions  are  at  an  age  when  it 
would  be  very  difficult  to  begin  a  new  trade.  One 
thing,  though,  is  sure  to  happen,  after  a  period  of 
idleness  all  of  these  men  thrown  out  of  work  by  pro- 
hibition Viill  begin  to  grow  desperate;  they  will  go 
to  employers  of  labor  and  will  say:  "Look  here,  I 
need  a  job,  my  family  is  starving,  the  Prohibitionists 
have  thrown  me  over  the  poverty  line,  I  will  work 
for  half  what  you  are  paying  your  other  men  if 
you  will  just  only  give  me  something  to  do." 

The  employer,  being  a  business  man,  sees  an  op- 
portunity to  gain,  an  opportunity  to  hire  cheaper 
help.     Again  all  labor  suffers. 

Prohibition  is  not  the  friend  but  the  ENEMY 
of   LABOR. 

ABRAHAM   LINCOLN'S    TEMPERANCE 
VIEWS. 

A  BRAHAM  LINCOLN,  were  he  to  return  to  earth. 
**■  as  his  first  act  would  without  a  doubt  rebuke  and 
repudiate  the  methods  and  personnel  of  the  Anti- 
Saloon  League,  which  pretends  from  time  to  time 
to  receive  inspiration  from  the  sayings  and  speeches 
of  the  great  emancipator. 

The  spcctacularity,  the  hate,  the  denunciation,  the 
bitterness,  the  invective  and  the  underhand  methods 
that  characterize  the  Anti-Saloon  League  campaigns 
in  behalf  of  Prohibition  are  the  very  things  that  Lin- 
coln deplored  and  publicly  spoke  against. 

Lincoln,  in  his  love  for  his  fellow-men,  was  a  tem- 
perance advocate,  but  he  believed  in  being  chari- 
table in  an  effort  to  decrease  intemperance,  he  be- 
lieved in  converting  the  individual  by  appealing   to 

58 


his  character  and  in  a  manner  to  win  his  confidence 
By  the  same  token  he  was  opposed  to  driving  an 
individual,  to  denouncing  him,  to  cursing  and  abus- 
ing him,  always  contending  "that  a  drop  of  honey 
catches  more  flies  than  a  gallon  of  gall." 

"By  virtue  of  half  a  dozen  signatures.  Berry  and 
Lincoln  became  proprietors  of  the  only  mercantile 
establishment  in  the  village." 

"In  the  spring  of  the  next  year,  finding  their 
merchandise  gaining  them  little  or  nothing,  they 
concluded  to  keep  a  tavern  in  addition  to  their  other 
business,  and  the  records  of  the  company  according 
to  Sangamon  County,  show  that  Berry  took  out  a 
license  for  that  purpose. on  the  6th  of  March,  1833." 
(From  Nicolay  &  Hay,  Vol.  1,  Chapter  4,  "Abraham 
Lincoln.") 

Berry  &  Lincoln  License. 

A  copy  of  the  original  license  which  appears  be- 
low presents  evidence  which  cannot  be  disputed: 

Springfield,  Wednesday,  March  6,  1833. 

Ordered  that  William  F.  Berry  in  the  name  of 
Berry  and  Lincoln  have  license  to  keep  a  tavern  in 
New  Salem  to  continue  12  months  from  this  date, 
and  that  they  pay  one  dollar  in  addition  to  six  dol- 
lars heretofore  paid  as  per  Treasury  receipt  and  that 
they  be  allowed  the  following  rates  (viz) : 

French   Brandy    per    Y^    pint 25 

Peach    Brandy   per    ^    pint 1834 

Apple  Brandy  per  ^   pint 12 

Holland    Gin    per   ^    pint 18^ 

Domestic    per    y^    pint 12>^ 

Wine  per  5^  pint 25 

Rum   per  ^    pint 18^ 

Whiskey  per   ^^    pint 12^ 

Breakfast,   dinner,    supper 25 

Lodging,    per    night 12>^ 

Horse,    per    night 25 

Single    feed 12^ 

Breakfast,  dinner  and  supper  for  stage- 
passengers    37^ 

Who  gave  bond  as  required  by  law. 

NOTE— One  "bit"  was  a  coin  valued  at  \2V2Z\  one 
"fip"  was  a  coin  valued  at  G^^c.     A  "bit"  and  a  "fip" 

59 


therefore,  would  amount  to  18^c;  3  "bits"  to  37^c. 
This  accounts  for  the  prices  listed  opposite  the  arti- 
cles mentioned  in  the  license. 

A  study  of  the  life  and  writings  of  Lincoln,  will 
show  to  the  unbiased  mind  that  Abraham  Lincoln 
was  a  temperance  man  and  a  temperance  advocate 
in  the  correct  sense;  that  is,  he  believed  in  moder- 
ation in  the  use  of  all  things.  The  quotations  that 
the  Prohibitionists  have  used  as  coming  from  Lin- 
coln, when  those  quotations  have  been  authentic, 
have  usually  been  statements  which  he  made  when 
speaking  of  the  abuse  and  excessive  use  of  liquors. 
Mr.  Lincoln's  ideas,  however,  upon  the  liquor  ques- 
tion were  far  removed  from  those  of  the  modern 
agitating  Prohibition  leader.  The  following  extracts 
taken  from  his  address  delivered  February  22,  1842, 
before  the  Springfield  Washingtonian  Temperance 
Society,  will  bear  out  the  above  statement. 

"The  preacher,  it  is  said,  advocates  temperance 
because  he  is  a  fanatic,  and  desires  a  union  of  the 
church  and  state;  the  lawyer  from  his  pride,  and 
vanity  of  hearing  himself  speak;  and  the  hired  agent 
for  his  salary." 

"Too  much  denunciation  against  dram-sellers  and 
dram  drinkers  was  indulged  in.  This  I  think  was 
both  impolitic  and  unjust.  It  was  impolitic,  because 
it  is  not  nuicli  in  the  nature  of  man  to  be  driven  to 
anything;  still  less  to  be  driven  about  that  which 
is  exclusively  his  own  business;  and  least  of  all 
such  driving  is  to  be  submitted  to  at  the  expense 
of  pecuniary  interest  of  a  burning  appetite. 


Convince;  Don't  Dictate. 

"To  have  expected  them  to  do  otherwise  than  they 
did — to  have  expected  tliem  not  to  meet  denuncia- 
tion with  denunciation,  crimination  with  crimination, 
and  anathema^witli  anaUiema — was  to  expect  a  re- 
versal of  liuman  nature,  whicli  is  God's  decree  and 
can  never  be  reversed.  When  the  conduct  of  men  is 
designed  to  be  influenced,  persuasion,  kind,  unas- 
suming persuasion,  should  ever  be  adopted.  It  is  an 
old  and  true  maxim  "that  a  drop  of  honey  catches 
more  flies  than  a  gallon  of  gall."  So  with  man.  If 
you  would  win  a  man  to  your  cause,  first  convince 
him  that  you  are  his  sincere  friend.  Therein  is  a 
drop   of   honey   that   catches   his   heart,   which,    say 

60 


what  he  will,  is  the  great  high  road  to  his  reason, 
and  which  when  once  gained,  you  will  find  but  little 
trouble  in  convincing  his  judgment  of  the  justice 
of  your  cause,  if  indeed  that  cause  really  be  a  just 
one.  On  the  contrary,  assume  to  dictate  to  his 
judgment,  or  to  command  his  action,  or  to  mark  him 
as  one  to  be  shunned  or  despised,  and  he  will  retreat 
within  himself,  close  all  the  avenues  to  his  head 
and  heart;  and  though  your  cause  be  naked  truth 
itself,  transformed  to  the  heaviest  lance,  harder  than 
steel,  and  sharper  than  steel  can  be  made,  and 
though  you  throw  it  with  more  than  Herculean  force 
and  precision,  you  shall  be  no  more  able  to  pierce 
him  than  to  penetrate  the  hard  shell  of  a  tortoise 
with  a  rye  straw.  Such  is  man,  and  so  must  he  be 
understood  by  those  who  would  lead  him,  even  to 
his  own  best  interests." 

"Another  error,  as  it  seems  to  me,  into  which  the 
old  reformers  fell,  was  the  position  that  all  hab- 
itual drunkards  were  utterly  incorrigible,  and  there- 
fore must  be  turned  adrift  and  damned,  without 
remedy  in  order  that  the  grace  of  temperance 
might  abound,  to  the  temperate  then,  and  to  all 
mankind  some  hundreds  of  years  thereafter.  There 
is  in  this  something  so  repugnant  to  humanity,  so 
uncharitable,  so  cold-blooded  and  feelingless,  that 
it  never  did  nor  ever  can  enlist  the  enthusiasm  of  a 
popular  cause.  We  could  not  love  the  man  who 
taught  it — we  could  not  hear  him  with  patience. 
The  heart  could  not  throw  open  its  portals  to  it — ■ 
the  generous  man  could  not  adopt  it — it  could  not 
mix  with  his  blood.  It  looked  so  fiendishly  selfish, 
so  like  throwing  fathers  and  brothers  overboard  to 
lighten  the  boat  for  our  security,  that  the  noble- 
minded  shrank  from  the  manifest  meanness  of  the 
thing.  And  besides  this,  the  benefits  of  a  reforma- 
tion to  be  affected  by  such  a  system  were  too  remote 
in  point  of  time  to  warmly  engage  many  in  its 
behalf.  Few  can  be  induced  to  labor  exclusively 
for  posterity;  and  none  will  do  it  enthusiastically. 
Posterity  has  done  nothing  for  us;  and  theorize  on 
it  as  we  may,  practically  we  shall  do  very  little  for 
it,  unless  we  are  made  to  think  we  are  at  the  same 
time  doing  something  for  ourselves." 


Lincoln  on  Personal  Liberty. 

Lincoln  then  proceeds  to  close  his  speech  with 
the  following  words:  "This  is  the  one  hundredth 
and  tenth  anniversary^  of  the  birthday  of  Washing- 
ton; we  are  met  to  celebrate  this  day.  Washington 
is  the  mightiest  name  on  earth — long  since  mightiest 
in  the  cause  of  civil  liberty,  still  mightiest  in  moral 
reformation.  On  that  name  no  eulogy  is  expected. 
It  cannot  be.  To  add  brightness  to  the  sun  or 
glory  to  the  name  of  Washington  is  alike  impossible. 
Let  none  attempt.  In  solemn  awe  pronounce  the 
name,  and  in  its  naked  deathness  splendor  leaves 
it  shining  on." 

George  Washington,  concerning  whom  Lincoln 
spoke  with  so  much  eloquence  and  reverence,  was 
the  owner  of  a  distillery.  In  his  will  at  Mt.  Vernon, 
July  9,  1799,  we  read  as  follows: 

"I,  George  Washington,  of  Mount  Vernon,  a  citi- 
zen of  the  United  States  and  lately  President  of  the 
same,  do  make,  ordain  and  declare  this  instrument, 
which  is  written  with  my  own  hand  and  every  page 
thereof  subscribed  with  my  name,  to  be  my  last 
will  and  testament,   revoking  all   others: 

"Item — to  my  dearly  beloved  wife,  iNIartha  Wash- 
ington, I  give  and  bequeath  the  use,  profit  and  bene- 
fit of  the  whole  estate,  real  and  personal,  for  the 
term  of  her  natural  life. 

"As  I  also  do  my  household  and  kitchen  furniture 
of  every  sort  and  kind  with  the  LIQUORS  and  gro- 
ceries which  may  be  on  hand. 

Washington,  a  Distiller. 

"I  give  and  bequeath  to  the  said  Lawrctue  Lewis 
and  Klcanor  Parke  Lewis,  his  wife,  and  their  heirs, 
the  residue  of  my  Mount  Vernon  estate — all  the  land 
north  of  the  road  Icadinj^  from  the  ford  of  Doguc 
Run  to  the  Gum  Spring,  as  described  in  the  device 
of  the  other  part  of  the  tract  to  Bushrod  Washing- 
ton until  it  comes  to  the  stone  and  three  red  or 
Spanish  oaks  on  the  knowl — thence  with  a  rectan- 
gular line  to  the  back  line  (between  Mr.  Mason  and 
me),  thence  with  that  line  westerly  along  the  new 
double  ditch  to  Dogue  Run,  by  the  tumbling  dam  of 
my  mill,  thence  with  the  said  run  to  the  ford,  afore- 
mentioned, to  which  I  add  all  the  land  I  possess 
west  of  said  Doguc  Run  and  Dogue  Creek,  bounded 


easterly  and  southerly  thereby,  together  with  the 
mill,  DISTILLERY  and  all  other  houses  and  im- 
provements on  the  premises,  making  together  about 
two  thousand  acres,  be  it  more  or  less." 

(signed)      G.   WASHINGTON. 
Mount  Vernon,  9  July,  1799. 

STATE  OF  VIRGINIA, 

County  of  Fairfax,  to-wit: 

"I,  F.  W.  Richardson,  Clerk  of  the  Circuit  Court  of 
said  county,  the  said  being  a  Court  of  Probate  and 
of  record,  and  having  a  seal,  do  hereby  certify  that 
the  foregoing  is  a  true  copy  of  the  last  Will  and 
Testament  of  George  Washington,  deceased,  as  the 
same  appears  of  record  in  the  will  books  of  said 
county  in  Liber  H,  No.  1,  folio  1,  and  that  the  orig- 
inal of  said  will  is  now  on  file  in  my  said  office  in 
said   county. 

"IN  TESTIMONY  of  all  which  I  have  hereunto 
set  my  hand  and  affixed  the  seal  of  said  Court  at 
Fairfax,  Virginia,  this  7th  day  of  February,  A.  D. 
1912. 

(Signed)      F.  W.   RICHARDSON, 

(SEAL.)  Clerk." 

George  Washington,  who  really  gave  us  the  lib- 
erty v/hich  is  enjoyed  today,  was  most  certainly  not 
a  Prohibitionist.  It  w-as  Washington  that  made  pos- 
sible a  Lincoln,  and  the  above  gives  absolute  proof 
that  Abraham  Lincoln  was  not  a  Prohibitionist,  and 
moreover,  went  so  far  as  to  stock  a  tavern,  and  to 
obtain  a  license  for  the  sale  of  liquors.  With  these 
facts  before  us,  how  can  the  Anti-Saloon  League 
claim  otherwise? 

The  fact  that  Lincoln  was  a  temperance  advo- 
cate and  not  a  Prohibitionist  is  substantiated  by  the 
following  quotations  taken  from  the  sajdngs  and 
speeches   of  the  immortal  President. 

Lincoln   also  was   a   believer  in   "Compensation." 

In  a  speech  delivered  in  Peoria,  111.,  October  16, 
1854,  in  reply  to  Senator  Douglas  (Nicolay  &  Hay), 
Lincoln  said: 

"pption  of  abolishing  slavery  by  States  within 
their  own  limits.  It  w^as  frequently  spoken  of  by 
members  of  Congress,  and  by  the  citizens  of  Wash- 
ington six  years  ago;  and  I  heard  no  one  express  a 
doubt  that  a   system  of  gradual   emancipation  with 

fi3 


compensation  to  owners  would  meet  the  approba- 
tion of  a  large  majority  of  the  white  people  of  the 
district." 

"Let  Each  Do  As  He  Pleases." 

Among  his  notes  for  speeches,  October  1,  1858 
(Nicolay  &  Hay,  Volume  IV,  page  231),  Lincoln 
wrote  as  follows: 

"I  am  for  the  people  of  the  whole  nation  doing 
just  as  they  please  in  all  matters  which  concern  the 
whole  nation;  for  that  of  each  Dart  doing  just  as 
they  choose  in  all  matters  which  concern  no  other 
part;  and  for  each  individual  doing  just  as  he 
chooses  in  all  matters  which  concern  nobody  else." 

In  a  speech  delivered  at  Columbus,  Ohio,  Sep- 
tember 16,  1857  (Nicolay  &  Hay,  Volume  V,  page 
149), 'he  said: 

"I  think  a  definition  of  'popular  sovereignty'  in  the 
abstract  would  be  about  this  'that  each  man  shall 
do  precisely  as  he  pleases  with  himself,  and  with 
all  those  things  that  exclusively  concern  him;  that  a 
general  government  shall  do  all  those  things  that 
pertain  to  it,  and  all  the  local  governments  shall 
do  precisely  as  they  please  in  respect  to  those  mat- 
ters which  exclusively  concern  them," 

Whitney  in  his  "Life  on  the  Circuit  with  Lin- 
coln"  (page  117),  comments  as  follows: 

"To  Lincoln's  practical  mind  the  business  and 
object  of  an  army  was  to  fight,  and  not  to  review, 
intrench  and  organize  as  the  end  in  view.  He 
was  always  saying  to  !McClcllan,  'YOU  MUST 
ACT,'  When  he  found  that  Grant  would  fight  as 
a  fixed  rule  of  action,  that  atoned,  in  his  opinion,  for 
all  his  minor  dclinciucncics.  Some  philanthropists 
came  to  Lincoln  with  horror  depicted  on  their  coun- 
tenances, while  Grant  was  in  the  wilderness,  to  pro- 
test against  the  appalling  sacrifice  of  life.  Lincoln 
listened  to  tlicir  protests,  but  all  he  would  reply  was, 
with  a  shrug  of  his  shoulders,  'he  fights.'  At  in- 
formation tliat  Grant  was  drunk  at  an  important  en- 
gagement, having  been  known  to  have  several  jugs 
of  whiskey  at  headquarters,  Lincoln  responded.  'I 
wish  I  could  send  each  of  our  generals  a  jug  of  that 
same  whisky!" 


LINCOLN    BOUGHT    BRANDY. 

Here  is  a  copy  of  an  historic  document.  It  is  a 
duplicate  of  an  account  taken  from  a  ledger  former- 
Iv  kept  by  R.  W.  Diller,  who,  durmg  Abraham  Lin- 
coln's earlier  days,  ran  a  drug  store  at  122  South 
S^xth  Street,  Spr  ngfield,  Illinois.  The  mtrinsic 
vaTue  of  thfpage  is  based  on  the  fact  that  anything 
concerning  the  immortal  statesman  is  regarded  with 
reverence  by  every  citizen  who  appreciates  the  doc- 
trine of  personal  rights.  It  has  been  contended  by 
Xy  ha?  Mr.  Lincoln  was  a  Prohibitionist,  and 
that  "^furthermore,  when  he  was  quoted  as  having 
said  "Prohibition  will  work  great  injury  to  the 
cause  of  Temperance,"  he  was  being  charged  with 
something  which  he  did  not  utter.  ^ 

In  order  to  prove  the  claims ,  of  the  disciples  of 
Personal  Liberty  and  personal  rights,  that  Mr  Lin- 
coln not  only  opposed  the  doctrine  of .  Prohibition, 
but  that  occasionally  he  even  took  a  d^mk  the  Bul- 
letin sent  a  representative  to  the  farmer  home  city 
of  the  young  Illinois  lawyer,  and  succeeded  m  pro- 
curing a  copy  of  a  running  account  kept  by  Mr. 
bil  er  against  Abraham  Lincoln.  The  account  as 
it  appears  on  the  still  well  preserved  pages  is  as 
follows: 

"Abraham  Lincoln, 
In  account  with: 
R.  W.  Diller, 

122  So.  6th  Street, 
Springfield,  111.: 
1853. 

Aug.  4—1  Pint  Brandy    $0.50 

tt    22 1       "  "         50 

"    13-1       "  "         50 

Oct.    1-1       "  "         SO 

"      8—2  Quarts      "        

Mr  Diller  is  dead.  His  son,  Isaac  Diller,  Is  the 
owner  of  the  property.  The  drug  store  has  passed 
on  to  the  hands  of  Wm.  A.  Claypool,  who  sells 
liquor  by  the  bottle,  and  lots  of  it. 

The  Chicago  Liquor  Association  offered  $1,500  for 
the  account  book,  but  was  refused.  Therefore,  the 
publisher  of  the  Bulletin  takes  pleasure  m  present- 
ing a  fac-simile  of  the  page  to  its  readers  as  a  real 
live  up-to-date  scoop. 

65 


The  item  shows  a  number  of  other  items  pur- 
chased, such  as  paregoric,  tooth  brushes,  bay  rum, 
etc.,  showing  that  Mr.  Lincoln,  like  most  people, 
had  occasion  to  make  frequent  trips  to  the  drug 
store. 

Abraham  Lincoln,  Liberal. 

The  Bulletin's  representative  obtained  added  proof 
of  Mr.  Lincoln's  habit  by  securing  an  affidavit  from 
Manuel  Smith,  who  had  occasion  to  come  in  contact 
with  Mr.  Lincoln  and  his  partner,  Mr.  Herndon. 
This  supplemental  document  carries  a  great  deal  of 
interest.     It  is  as  follows: 

"Springfield,  111.,  Oct.  1,  1915. 

"I,  Manuel  Smith,  of  Harvard  Park  Division, 
Springfield,  111.,  do  hereby  affirm  the  following  to  be 
true  and  accurate   statements: 

That  I  worked  for  fifteen  (15)  years  for  William 
Herndon,  the  former  law  partner  of  Abraham  Lin- 
coln, who  was  afterwards  President  of  the  United 
States;  that  I  received  as  my  share  for  tilling  Air. 
Herndon's  land  (-/s)  two-thirds  of  the  crop  raised, 
and  that  during  those  fifteen  years  I  had  frequent 
conversations  on  diverse  subjects  with  Mr.  Hern- 
don; and  that  on  several  occasions  we  talked  about 
Mr.  Lincoln.  Mr.  Herndon  told  me  many  times 
that  on  frequent  occasions  he  and  Mr.  Lincoln  took 
a  drink  together. 

(His) 
Manuel  (X)  Smith 
Signed:  (Mark) 

Witness  to  mark, 
John   Hall. 

Subscribed  and  sworn  to  before  nic  this  1st  day  of 
October,  1915. 

lames    Rcilly, 
Notary    Public." 

It  is  part  of  the  story  that  every  ciTort  has  been 
made  to  keep  the  public  from  learning  the  contents 
of  the  old  Dillcr  account  book.  It  has  been  shown 
only  to  a  few  great  admirers  of  the  immortal  Lin- 
coln. Therefore,  tlie  Bulletin  in  presenting  a  fac- 
simile of  the  Lincoln  account  congratulates  its  rcad- 
rtr, 


ers  upon  the  fact  that  it  has  established  beyond  any 
doubt  the  truth  that  the  greatest  liumanitarian  and 
the  broadest  statesman  the  world  has  produced,  was 
opposed  to  Prohibition  and  knew  by  experience  that 
a  temperate  indulgence  in  the  cup  that  cheers,  can 
work  no  harm  to  any  person. — Boldt's  Bulletin. 

GEORGE  WASHINGTON  AND  PROHIBITION. 

ASIDE  from  the  fact  that  George  Washington 
^  was  a  distiller,  which  fact  has  been  absolutely 
proven  by  the  evidence  exhibited  in  his  will,  in 
which  he  bequeathed  his  distillery  to  his  wife,  etc., 
Washington  was  a  lover  and  connoisseur  of  wines. 
He  frequently  referred  to  his  "Madeira,"  which  was 
his  favorite  wine. 

We  can  best  gain  an  idea  of  Washington's  senti- 
ments in  regard  to  the  liquor  question,  by  quoting 
from  statements  which  he  made,  taken  from  the 
writings  of  authors,  who  have  published  works  con- 
cerning the  life  of  our  first  President. 

In  the  "Writings  of  George  Washington,"  pub- 
lished in  1889,  by  Worthington  Chauncy  Ford,  Vol- 
ume 1,  pages  1  and  2,  there  is  found  in  a  journal  of  a 
Survey,  made  on  Wednesday,  March  16,  1748,  this 
statement: 

"We  set  out  early  and  finished  about  1  o'clock 
and  then  traveled  up  to  Frederick  Town,  where 
our  baggage  came  to  us.  We  cleaned  ourselves 
(to  get  rid  of  ye  game  we  had  catched  ye  night 
before.)  I  took  a  review  of  ye  town  and  re- 
turned to  our  lodgings  where  we  had  a  good 
dinner  prepared  for  us.  Wine  and  Rum  Punch 
in  plenty,  and  a  good  feather  bed  with  clean 
sheets,  which  was  a  very  agreeable  regale." 

In  Volume  9,  page  302,  in  a  letter  dated  July  13, 
1781,  to  the  Superintendent  of  Finance,  Washington 
first  refers  to  needed  supplies,  and  then  goes  on  to 
say: 

"No  magazines  of  rum  have  been  formed.  We 
have  been  in  a  manner  destitute  of  that  neces- 
sary article,  and  what  we  are  now  likely  to  draw 
from  the  several  States  will  be  from  hand  to 
mouth." 

67 


Rum  for  the  Soldiers  of  '76. 

This  letter  was  written  from  his  Headquarters, 
near  Dobb's  Ferry. 

In  Volume  9,  page  354,  again  writing  to  the  Su- 
perintendent of  Finance,  a  letter  dated  "Chatham, 
August  27,  1781,"  says  in  part: 

"You  will  be  pleased  to  make  the  deposit  of 
flour  rum  and  salt  meat  at  the  Head  of  Elk, 
which  I  requested  in  a  former  letter.  I  am  very 
fearful  that  about  fifteen  hundred  barrels  of  salt 
provisions  and  thirty  hogsheads  of  rum,  which  I 
directed  to  be  sent  from  Connecticut  and  Rhode 
Island  under  convoy  of  Count  de  Barras,  would 
not  have  been  ready  when  the  fleet  sailed  from 
Newport.  Should  that  have  been  the  case,  the 
disappointment  will  be  great.  I  would  wish  you 
to  see  whether  a  like  quantity  of  those  articles 
can  be  procured  in  Philadelphia  or  in  Maryland, 
if  we  should  find  that  they  have  not  gone  round 
from  the  eastward." 

In  A^oUimc  11,  pages  4r!4  and  437,  in  a  letter  to 
Gouvcrneur.  Morris,  dated  in  "New  York,  October 
13,  1789,"  Washington  says  in  part: 

"Of  plated  ware  may  be  made  I  conceive 
handsome  and  useful  coolers  for  wine  at  and 
after  dinner.  Those  I  am  in  need  of,  viz.:  eight 
double  ones  (for  Madeira  and  Claret,  the  wine 
usually  drank  at  dinner)  each  of  the  apertures 
to  be  sufficient  to  contain  a  pint  decanter,  with 
an  allowance  in  the  depth  of  it  for  ice  at  bottom 
so  as  to  raise  the  neck  of  the  decanter  above 
the  cooler  between  the  apertures.  A  handle  is 
to  be  placed  by  which  these  double  coolers  may 
with  convenience  be  removed  from  one  part  of 
the  table  to  another.  For  the  wine  after  dinner, 
four  quadruple  coolers  will  be  necessary,  each 
aperture  of  which  to  be  of  the  size  of  a  quart 
decanter  or  quart  bottle  for  four  sorts  of  wine 
— these  decanters  or  bottles  to  have  ice  at  bot- 
tom, and  to  be  elevated  thereby  as  above — a 
central  handle  here  also  will  be  wanting. 

"Should  my  description  be  defective,  your 
imagination  is  fertile  and  on  this  I  shall  rely." 


In  Volume  12,  page  233,  in  a  letter  dated  March 
31,  1789,  addressed  to  "George  A.  Washington,"  we 
read  as  follows: 

"As  I  shall  want  shingles,  planks,  nails,  rum 
for  harvest,  scantling,  and  such  like  things, 
which  would  cost  me  money  at  another  time, 
fish  may  be  bartered  for  them." 

No  Objection  to  Distillery. 

In  Volume  13,  in  a  letter  to  "William  Pierce,  on 
August  31,  1794,  on  page  19,"  Washington  writes  as 
follows: 

"I  have  no  objection  to  your  putting  up  the 
still  which  is  at  Mount  Vernon,  if  any  ad- 
vantages from  it  can  be  derived  under  the  tax 
which  is  laid  upon  it." 

In  Volume  13,  page  442,  a  letter  dated  "Mount 
Vernon,  February  27,  1798,"  to  "William  Augustine 
Washington,"  says  in  part: 

"I  make  use  of  no  barley  in  my  distillery  (the 
operations  of  which  are  just  commenced).  Rye 
chiefly  and  Indian  corn,  in  a  certain  proportion 
compose  the  materials  from  which  the  whiskey 
is  made.  The  former  I  buy  @  4/6,  for  the  latter 
I  have  not  given  more  than  17/6,  and  latterly 
17/ — delivered  at  the  distillery.  It  has  sold  in 
Alexandria  (in  small  quantities  from  the 
wagons)  at  16/  and  16/6  per  barrel,  but  at  what 
it  goes  now  I  am  unable  to  inform  you.  So  large 
a  quantity  as  you  have  for  sale  may  command  a 
good  price." 

An  unbiased  study  of  the  biographies  and  writ- 
ings of  George  Washington  and  Abraham  Lincoln 
will  lead  to  but  one  conclusion,  namely,  that  neither 
of  these  two  great  men  were  Prohibitionists.  The 
foregoing  quotations  furnish  ample  proof  of  this 
fact. 


WHY  THE  HOBSON  RESOLUTION  FAILED. 

Arguments  Against  National  Prohibition. 
In  Congress,  December  22,  1914. 

The  Resolution  That  Was   Debated. 

Resolved  by  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representa- 
tives of  the  United  States  of  America  in  Congress 
assembled  (two-thirds  of  each  House  concurring 
therein),  That  the  following  amendment  of  the  Con- 
stitution be,  and  hereby  is,  proposed  to  the  States, 
to  become  valid  as  a  part  of  the  Constitution  when 
ratified  by  the  Legislatures  of  the  several  States  as 
provided  by  the  Constitution: 

ARTICLE.... 

"Section  1.  The  sale,  manufacture  for  sale,  trans- 
portation for  sale,  importation  for  sale  of  intoxicat- 
ing liquors  for  beverage  purposes  in  the  United 
States  and  all  territory  subject  to  the  jurisdiction 
thereof,  and  exportation  for  sale  thereof,  are  for- 
ever prohibited." 

"Section  2.  Tlie  Congress,  or  the  States  within 
their  respective  jurisdictions,  shall  have  power  to 
enforce   this   article  by  all   needful   legislation." 

Representative   Richard   Bartholdt,   of  Missouri. 

"Mr.  Speaker,  in  the  days  of  witchcraft  every 
man  who  dared  to  raise  his  voice  against  that  mad- 
ness was  immediately  suspected,  and  many  were  tor- 
tured and  nuirdercd  merely  because,  as  sensible  men, 
they  had  appealed  to  the  common  sense  of  the 
people. 

"We  are  reminded  of  those  dark  days  by  the 
prohibition  movement  of  the  present  day.  Again 
thousands  are  under  a  spell,  and  the  man  who  has 
the  courage  to  oppose  it  by  appeals  to  reason  is,  if 
not  burned  at  the  stake,  as  were  the  witches,  at 
least  denounced  as  a  tool  of  the  liquor  interests.  A 
mental  atmosphere  has  been  created  which  tends  to 
terrorize  political  parties,  intimidate  public  men. 
silence  the  press,  and  stifle  the  honest  opinions  of 
the  people  generally, 

70 


"There  is,  of  course,  no  doubt  about  the  final  out- 
come. In  the  twentieth  century  it  is  easier  for  hu- 
man reason  to  triumph  than  it  was  in  the  sixteenth 
and  seventeenth  centuries.  A  nation  which  has 
thrown  off  the  shackles  of  despotism  will  not,  for 
any  length  of  time,  tyrannize  over  itself. 

"Unquestionably  drunkenness  may  lead  to  insan- 
ity. So  do  some  other  excesses.  The  most  reliable 
statistics  of  insanity  gives  as  the  causes:  First,  self- 
pollution  and  sexual  excess;  second,  religious  fanati- 
cism or  excessive  zeal.  And  intemperance  is  given 
as  the  third  cause.  If  the  logic  of  prohibition  is  to 
prevail  it  would  be  right  to  unsex  mankind,  and  also 
to  forbid  altogether  those  religious  bodies  whose 
practices  or  teachings  lead  to  insanity.  This  alone 
shows  the  fatuity  of  unscientific  reasoning  on  a  pro- 
found  and  intricate   social  problem. 

"Let  me  show  you  how  fallacious  their  reason- 
ing is.  Indeed,  it  is  both  fallacious  and  superficial. 
Their  whole  case  is  based  upon  the  assumption  that 
by  withholding  the  supply  you  can  stop  the  demand; 
while,  as  a  matter  of  fact,  the  supply  of  beverages — 
and  of  everything  else,  for  that  matter — is  the  effect 
and  not  the  cause  of  the  demand.  If  by  confounding 
cause  and  effect  you  proceed  from  false  premises 
it  is  quite  natural  that  you  will  arrive  at  false  con- 
clusions. Suppose  there  were  as  many  taverns  in 
a  city  as  there  were  houses,  and,  on  the  other  hand^ 
all  the  people  were  educated  to  be  total  abstainers, 
what  would  happen?  Every  tavern  keeper  would  be 
starved  to  death.  But,  again,  if  you  succeed  in 
closing  all  the  saloons,  would  this  kill  the  appetite 
for  drink?  Not  at  all.  The  people  would  either 
find  a  way  to  manufacture  it  themselves,  or  they 
would  resort  to  substitutes  worse  than  liquor — to 
drugs  such  as  opium,  morphine  and  cocaine.  Of  this 
we  have  ample  proofs;  one  of  them  being  that  the 
consumption  of  cocaine  is  relatively  largest  in  pro- 
hibition states.  Another  is  the  testimony  of  respon- 
sible army  officers  before  the  Military  Committee  of 
this  House  to  the  effect  that  soldier  boys  stationed 
in  Maine  and  Kansas  have  been  discovered  to  re- 
ceive supplies  of  cocaine  from  drug  stores  of  the 
larger  cities.  And  the  use  of  this  poison,  mind  you, 
is  followed  by  direct  attacks  upon  the  brain  cells. 
Furthermore,  if  people  were  compelled  to  concoct 
their  own  drinks,  the  vilest  kind  of  rot-gut  would 
71 


take  the  place  of  the  pure  and  well-matured  bever- 
ages which  are  now  consumed.  And  have  you  ever 
considered  that  the  process  of  home  manufacture 
would  be  confined  almost  altogether  to  the  strong 
spirituous  drinks,  because  these  alone  can  be  made 
by  primitive  means. 

"It  is  certainly  plain  from  what  I  have  said  that 
you  cannot  cure  the  drink  habit  by  attacking  the 
supply.  By  legal  edict  you  can  destroy  all  the  dis- 
tilleries and  all  the  breweries  and  all  the  saloons,  but 
you  cannot  destroy  or  even  control  the  human 
appetite  by  such  means.  The  only  successful  way  to 
serve  the  cause  of  true  temperance  will  be  to  attack 
the  demand,  and  this  can  only  be  done  by  moral 
suasion.  Therefore,  I  make  bold  to  say  that  if  all 
the  good  men  and  women  who  are  interested  in  this 
cause  would  use  their  combined  influence  to  train 
the  youth  of  the  land  in  the  art  of  self-control  and 
moderation,  instead  of  invoking  the  power  of  the  law 
and  the  police  club,  their  efforts  would  show  much 
more  substantial   results." 

Representative  Robert  L.  Henry,  of  Texas. 

"The  proposed  amendment  might  very  properly 
be  entitled  'an  amendment  to  legalize  the  illicit  still 
in  the  United  States.'  It  might  well  he  entitled — 'An 
act  to  encourage  the  manufacture  of  intoxicating 
drink  by  individuals,'  for  any  man  who  can  raise  a 
few  dollars  to  pay  for  a  still  can  manufacture  as 
much  as  he  wishes.  I  am  told  that  whiskey  stills 
are  advertised  for  sale  at  $15  each., 

"In  states  where  a  majority  of  the  people  want 
prohibition,  you  will  have  enforcement;  in  states 
where  a  majority  are  against  the  proposed  amend- 
ment, you  will  not  have  enforcement  unless  you  use 
Federal  constabulary,  and  where  is  the  man  who 
wishes  to  see  officers  from  one  state  sent  to  another 
state  to  aid  in  the  enforcement  of  law?  Such  a 
condition  is  the  first  step  toward  Civil  War.  God 
forbid  that  we  have  such  condition  in  any  state  of 
this  Union.  Remember,  gentlemen,  no  law  is 
stronger  than   the  jury  box. 

"Vou  are,  therefore,  proposing  to  surrender  two 
hundred  and  sixty-seven  millions  of  taxes,  wliich  the 
Government  collects  annually  from  the  liquor  traffic, 
and,  in  my  judgment,  you  are  proposing  to  bring 
upon  the   Nation   a  worse  condition   than  you  have 


now.  This  two  liundred  and  sixty-seven .  millions 
must  be  raised.  It  can  only  be  raised  by  taxing 
something.  Do  you  think  the  people  of  the  nation 
are  ready  to  pay  two  hundred  and  sixty-seven  mil- 
lions each  year  to  try  out  an  experiment?" 

Representative  Martin  B.  Madden,  of  Illinois. 

"I  believe  that  the  great  property  interests  in- 
volved in  this  question  ought  to  be  taken  into  ac- 
count. The  people  who  are  connected  with  the 
manufacture  and  sale  of  liquor  have  believed  in  the 
past  that  they  were  engaging  in  a  business  which 
was  recognized  by  the  law.  They  have  invested 
hundreds  of  millions  of  dollars  in  the  business  in 
which  they  are  engaged,  and  I  believe  that  the  Gov- 
ernment of  the  United  States  as  a  just  Government, 
and  the  American  people,  as  a  just  people,  ought  not 
to  decide  a  question  of  this  importance  without  tak- 
ing into  account  the  propriety  of  compensating 
those  whose  property  would  be  taken  away." 

Representative   Edward  E.   Browne,   of  Wisconsin. 

"It  (National  Prohibition)  would  mean  the  ap- 
pointment of  hundreds  of  thousands  of  Government 
officials — marshals  and  deputy  marshals—by  the 
political  party  in  power  to  go  into  the  various  com- 
munities to  enforce  the  law.  This  army  of  Federal 
marshals  and  deputies  would  be  many  times  larger 
than  the  armed  military  force  of  the  United  States 
today.  These  officers  would,  of  course,  be  clothed 
with  authority  to  search  and  arrest,  and  with  that 
power  any  political  party,  by  intimidation  or  other- 
wise, could  perpetuate  itself  in  office,  the  rights  of 
the  people  in  the  various  communities  would  be 
transferred  to  their  Representative  at  Washington, 
and  the  last  vestige  of  the  rights  of  the  individual 
citizens  or  the  local  communities  and  the  rights  of 
the  states  would  disappear. 

"We  all  know  that  any  law  affecting  the  customs 
and  habits  of  the  people  is  very  difficult  to  enforce 
unless  there  is  a  strong  public  sentiment  in  favor 
of  it. 

"The  adoption  of  this  amendment  would  be  by 
State  Legislatures,  and  would  not  be  by  a  referen- 
dum vote  of  the  people.  A  small  state  like  Nevada, 
with  a  population  of  90,000  people,  would  count  just 


as  much  as  a  state  like  New  York  with  9,000,000 
people. 

"Counterfeiting  our  currency  is  a  difficult  matter. 
It  is  condemned  by  every  citizen  in  every  locality, 
and  yet  it  takes  a  large  number  of  Secret  Service 
men  appointed  by  the  Government  to  prevent  it. 

"How  very  easy  would  it  be  to  manufacture  wine 
and  other  alcoholic  drinks  in  the  United  States  and 
also  to  bring  them  in  over  the  border  without  detec- 
tion, and  what  an  army  of  officers  it  would  take 
searching  the  homes  and  'the  cellars  of  the  people 
for  illicit  stills. 

"How  many  United  States  marshals  and  deputies 
would  it  take  to  enforce  a  prohibition  law  in  the 
city  of  New  York,  with  five  and  one-half  million  in- 
habitants; Chicago,  with  two  and  one-half  million 
inhabitants;  Philadelphia,  Boston,  St.  Louis,  San 
Francisco — all  these  cities  mentioned  aggregating 
in  population  over  13,000,000  inhabitants? 

"How  many  thousand  Federal  marshals  would  it 
take  to  attempt  the  enforcement  of  a  prohibition  law 
in  these  cities?  How  many  jury  trials?  How  many 
convictions? 

"The  police  force  in  New  York  alone  is  over 
10,000,  and  other  great  cities'  are  relativiely  as  large. 
The  sympatliy  of  the  local  officers  would  be  on  the 
side  of  public  sentiment  in  these  cities. 

"There  would  be  a  constant  conflict  between  this 
army  of  local  police  officers  and  the  Federal  officers 
in  regard  to  the  enforcement  of  the  law." 

Representative  Oscar  W.  Underwood,  of  Alabama. 

"Of  the  taxes  levied  on  liquors  $226,200,000  were 
received  from  internal  revenue,  and  $19,200,000  from 
customs,  making  the  total  $245,400,000.  Aside  from 
the  Federal  Revenue,  I  find  that  the  revenue  derived 
by  the  states  from  licenses  amounted  to  $21,000,000, 
from  counties  $6,600,000  and  from  incorporated 
places  having  a  population  of  2,.')00  and  over  $52,- 
000,000,  or  a  total  that  the  states  derived  from  liquor 
licenses  of  $79,600,000.  This  makes  the  total  in  the 
United  States  from  all  sources  $;i25,000,000." 

Representative  T.   Campbell   Cantrill,  of  Kentucky. 

"Our  friends  on  the  other  side  tell  us  that  they 
have  been   successful  in   the   states  in   the  cause  of 

74 


temperance.  I  accept  Mr,  Hobson  as  their  greatest 
leader  and  best-posted  adviser,  and  I  quote  from  a 
letter  which  he  addressed  to  President  Wilson  on 
September  30,  1914,  on  this  subject: 

"  'I  am  convinced  that  such  an  increased  tax 
would  wipe  out  of  existence  at  least  50,000  blind 
tigers  and  would  produce  a  net  revenue  of  $125,000,- 
000  to  $150,000,000.  Let  me  call  your  attention  to  the 
fact  that  these  blind  tigers  and  blind  pigs  and  other 
low  dives  that  would  be  suppressed  are  the  chief 
agents  which  debauch  the  boys.  Investigation 
shows  that  the  drunkard  contracts  his  habits  before 
he  reaches  his  majority,  and  it  is  not  drinking  men 
that  teach  boys  to  drink,  but  these  blind  tigers 
operated  systematically  in  spite  of  law  and  local 
regulations." 

"If  state  regulation  has  built  up  50,000  blind 
tigers  in  this  country,  how  many  more  thousands 
will  come  as  the  result  of  national  prohibition?  The 
law  can  only  be  enforced  in  communities  where  pub- 
lic sentiment  is  back  of  it,  and  national  prohibition 
to  be  enforced  would  require  this  country  to  be 
Russianized. 

"There  is  in  the  land  a  great  body  of  high-priced 
paid  agitators  who  are  clamoring  for  national  pro- 
hibition. It  is  their  profession,  and  members  of  this 
House  should  not  be  swept  off  their  feet  by  demands 
from  that  body.  The  paid  leaders  have  not  dealt 
fairly  with  the  great  body  of  the  people  in  the  coun- 
try. They  have  misled  thousands  of  sincere,  honest, 
and  God-fearing  people  into  believing  that  this  reso- 
lution means  prohibition,  when  in  reality  it  means 
unrestricted  manufacture  of  intoxicating  liquors." 

Representative   Julius    Kahn,   of   California. 

"Mr.  Speaker,  prohibition  is  not  temperance. 
Temperance  makes  for  human  progress.  It  should 
be  invoked  in  regard  to  our  food,  our  drink,  our 
dress,  and  even  our  physical  exercise.  As  many 
people  die  from  overeating  as  die  from  excessive 
use  of  alcohol.  Excessive  physical  exercise  has  fre- 
quently led  to  heart  failure  and  death.  Temperance, 
not  alone  in  the  use  of  alcohol,  but  temperance  in 
everything  that  affects  the  human  race,  is  what 
should  be  taught  in  the  homes  and  in  the  schools 
of  this  country.  Temperance  harms  no  one,  on 
the   contrary,    it    does    good.       Prohibition,    on    the 

75 


other  hand,  has  generally  resulted  in  making  men 
liars,  sneaks,  and  hypocrites.  If  men  want  liquor, 
they  can  invariably  get  it,  and  they  can  get  it  even 
in   prohibition   states." 

Representative   J.    Henry   Goeke,   of    Ohio. 

Farm   Products   Used. 

"In  the  course  of  1913  corn  and  other  farm  pro- 
ducts of  the  value  of  $113,884,568  were  used  in  the 
manufacture  of  liquors.  This  amount  does  not  rep- 
resent the  value  of  the  products  so  used  in  the  Chi- 
cago and  other  markets,  but  the  actual  sum  re- 
ceived by  the  growers,  based  upon  the  carefully  com- 
piled reports  of  the  Department  of  Agriculture  pub- 
lished from  time  to  time. 

*'It  is  computed  that  in  raising  these  products  the 
farmer  paid  for  labor  a  total  of  $13,485,460,  a 
sum  suf^cient  to  employ  74,919  persons  for  six 
months  at  an  average  wage  of  $30  per  month. 

"Not  over  one  in  one  thousand  are  drunkards. 
Are  we  to  be  asked  for  this  one-tenth  of  1  per  cent, 
to  wreck  commerce,  plunge  millions  of  men  and 
women  into  competition  with  other  lines  of  trade 
and  labor,  make  idle  over  4,000,000  acres  of  farm  land 
tilled  by  over  100,000  farmers,  curtail  the  output 
of  mines  and  mine  labor  supplies,  the  machinery  for 
about  3,000  large  plants  i-^  this  country,  curtail  the 
labor  and  products  of  glass  factories,  lumber  mills, 
supply  companies,  coal  mines,  and  a  thousand  other 
lines  of  trade  where  men  toil  and  capital  has  wrought 
to  produce  happiness  and  comfort  for  millions  of 
families  who  are  all  more  or  less  dependent  upon 
the  brewing  interests  for  their  prosperity?" 

Representative  Claude  U.  Stone,  of  Illinois. 

"There  is  State-wide  prohibition  in  Maine,  and 
the  Wcbb-Kcnyon  law  prevents  tlic  overriding  of  that 
law  by  other  States,  and  yet  there  are  cities  in  Maine 
that  have  more  shops  per  capita  for  the  public  sale 
of  liquor  than  my  home  city,  which  is  the  greatest 
distilling  city  in  the  world.  In  parts  of  Maine  can- 
didates for  sheriff,  who  have  the  enforcing  of  the 
law,  cannot  be  elected  to  office  if  they  do  not  give  a 
public  pledge  that  they  will  violate  their  oath  of 
office  and  will  not  enforce  the  law.  The  same  can 
be  said  of  Georgia,  another  prohibition  State.     It  is 

76 


for  this  reason  that  the  people  should  be  permitted  to 
determine  by  their  own  votes  the  character  of  re- 
straint that  shall  be  placed  upon  themselves." 

Representative  Michael  J.  Gill,  of  Missouri. 

"As  a  representative  of  labor  on  this  floor,  I  arn 
proud  to  stand  in  unison  with  my  old  associate  and 
co-worker,  Samuel  Gompers,  of  the  American  Federa- 
tion of  Labor,  and  state  with  added  emphasis  that 
it  would  be  far  better,  far  more  wise,  more  moral,  and 
a  thousand  times  more  desirable  to  take  the  position 
of  organized  labor  on  this  question  and  insist  on: 

(a)  Increasing  wages. 

(b)  Shorter  hours  of  work. 

(c)  More  leisure,  so  as  to  afford  an  opportunity 
for  the  cultivation  of: 

(1)  Better  tastes.  ^ 

(2)  Better  aspirations. 

(3)  Higher  ideals. 

(4)  Better  standard  of  living.  , 

(5)  Freedom  from  the  burdens   of  excessive  toil. 

(6)  Better  homes  and  surroundings  for  the  poor— 
than  try  to  effect  statutory  law  that  which  must  come 
from  the  ever-expanding  consciousness  of  a  world  s 
people." 

Representative  John  A.  M.  Odair,  o£  Indiana. 

"Under  the  Hobson  plan  anyone  w^ho  desired  to 
do  so  could  fit  up  a  still  at  a  cost  of  from  $5  up,  ac- 
cording to  the  amount  of  whisky  he  wanted  to  make 
could  manufacture  all  he  wanted  for  his  own  use,  and 
give  all  he  wanted  to  give  to  his  neighbors  regard- 
less of  their  age,  without  violating  the  law.  With  the 
tax  off  it  would  be  so  cheap  that  cafes,  restaurants, 
and  hotels  could  serve  it  free  with  meals  which  they 
would  have  the  right  to  do  under  the  Hobson  reso- 
lution. Social  and  fraternal  clubs  would  have  the 
right  to  hire  a  distillery  or  brewery  m  my  State,  to 
manufacture  a  trainload  of  whisky  or  beer,  and  ship 
it  to  their  club  rooms,  where  it  could  not  be  sold,  but 
could  be  given  away  to  members  of  the  club  or  any- 
one else,  regardless  of  age,  without  violating  the  law. 
With  the  tax  off,  whisky  would  only  cost  about  one- 
third  of  1  cent  a  drink,  and  social  clubs  could  hx 
their  annual  dues  at  $10  per  year,  which  would  be 
sufficient  to  supply  all  the  intoxicating  hquors  its 
membership  could  use." 

77 


"The  fact  is,  Mr.  Speaker,  this  resolution  should 
have  been  labeled  the  'Hobson  free-whisky  resolu- 
tion' instead  of  the  'Hobson  prohibition  resolution.* 
In  the  language  of  my  good  friend  from  Indiana,  Mr. 
Morris,  under  this  resolution  'every  lad  would  be  his 
own  moonshiner,  and  every  lad  would  be  his  own 
bootlegger.'  Whisky  would  be  cheap  and  easy  to 
get,  and  an  era  of  drunkenness,  with  its  attendant  de- 
bauchery and  crime,  would  sweep  over  this  country 
such  as  the  mind  is  scarcely  able  to  conceive  of." 

Representative  Everis  A.  Hayes,  of  California. 

"Mr.  Speaker,  I  represent  a  district  which  has 
more  grape  vineyards  probably  than  any  other  dis- 
trict in  the  country.  These  vineyards  are  generally 
small,  averaging  usually,  from  10  to  40  acres  each. 
The  owner  of  each  of  these  practically  has  his  all 
invested  in  his  vineyard,  and  upon  his  yearly  crop 
of  grapes,  himself  and  his  family  are  dependent  for 
their  living.  It  should  be  said  that  these  grapes  are 
valueless  for  any  purpose  except  wine  making.  For 
many  years  our  State  has  maintained  at  public  ex- 
pense a  viticultural  commission  and  in  every  way 
encouraged  the  planting  of  vineyards  and  the  de- 
velopment of  the  wine  industry. 

"Under  these  circumstances  I  cannot  bring  my- 
self to  believe  that  it  is  my  duty  to  vote  for  a  meas- 
ure, the  effect  of  which  will  be  to  render  these  little 
vineyards  valueless.  If  this  proposed  constitutional 
amendment  provided  for  compensating  those  who  are 
directly  and  unavoidably  damaged  by  its  provisions, 
which  it  should  do,  I  should  feel  very  different  about 
it.  This  was  the  method  pursued  a  few  years  ago 
by  the  Cantons  of  Switzerland  when  they  adopted 
prohibition,  and  it  is  the  civilized,  the  only  equitable 
way  to  proceed  in  this  case." 

Representative  Andrew  J.  Barchfeld,  of  Pennsylvania. 

"My  district,  the  thirty-second  congressional  dis- 
trict of  Pennsylvania,  is  the  work-shop  of  the  world. 
I  represent  a  constituency  of  over  300,000  inhabitants 
in  five  city  wards  and  the  outlying  boroughs  and 
townships  of  Allegheny  County,  south  of  the  Monon- 
gahela  and  Ohio  rivers.  In  times  of  our  prosperity, 
100.000  men  go  each  dav,  except  the  Sabbath,  to  the 
furnace  door  of  the  steel  mills,  the  dark  depths  of 

7S 


the  coal  mines,  and  the  furious  activity  of  the  fac- 
tories, many  of  them  with  their  lives  in  their  hands, 
and  draw  from  the  minerals  and  materials  of  the 
earth,  the  wealth  of  her  resources. 

"These  people  look  upon  alcoholic  liquors  as  a 
right,  inborn  and  God  given.  What  Prohibitionist 
from  the  corn  fields  of  Kansas,  the  cotton  fields  of 
Alabama,  or  the  seacoast  of  Maine,  where  the  boot- 
legger votes  for  prohibition,  has  a  right  to  command 
a  steel  worker  in  my  district  that  faces  2,800  degrees 
Fahrenheit  at  the  furnace  door,  that  he  may  not 
have  his  beer  when  his  heat  is  ended.  Stimulant  to 
that  constituent  of  mine  is  a  food,  and  he  would  tell 
you  it  was  a  necessity.  When  the  long  day's  work 
is  over,  the  kind  of  a  day's  work"  that  no  agitator  for 
prohibition  can  understand  or  appreciate,  these  men, 
as  have  their  forefathers  for  generations,  drink  their 
beer,  their  wine,  or  their  whisky,  and  they  will 
defy  all  the  prohibitionists  in  America  to  give  one 
good  reason  why  they  should  not. 

"Let  me  tell  you  that  in  times  of  prosperity,  the 
Jones  &  Laughlin,  American  Iron  and  Steel  Works 
employs  10,000  men;  the  United  States  Steel  cor- 
poration, 22,000  men;  and  the  Pittsburg  Coal  Co., 
11,000  men;  and  other  industries  similar  great  num- 
bers in  my  district,  and  without  drunkenness  or 
excess  these  men  demand  places  near  the  mills  where 
they  can  secure  their  whisky  and  their  beer,  a 
bowl  of  soup  and  a  ration  of  meat,  that  will  replace 
the  mighty  energies  they  expand  upon  their  labors. 

"I  am  a  doctor  of  medicine  by  profession.  The 
Hobson  resolution  begins  with  the  statement  that 
"Exact  scientific  research  has  demonstrated  that 
alcohol  is  a  narcotic  poison."  As  a  physician,  I  state 
that  this  is  either  a  play  on  words  or  an  outright 
misstatement.  In  either  event  it  is  misleading,  and 
flies  in  the  face  of  medical  practice  and  physiological 
science. 

"I,  in  part,  represent  the  church  people  of  Pitts- 
burg; and  we  have  as  many  church  members  in 
Pittsburg  as  they  have  in  the  whole  state  of  Maine. 
Allegheny  County  has  as  many  church  members  as 
the  whole  State  of  Kansas.  More  than  that,  we  have 
a  greater  percentage  of  church  members  in  Pitts- 
burg than  can  be  found  in  any  prohibition  state  or 

79 


distriet  anywhere  in  the  United  States.  Pennsyl- 
\-ania  and  New  York  have  one  and  one-half  times  as 
many  church  people  as  all  the  prohibition  States  of 
the  Union  put  together. 

"So  I  assume  to  speak  for  the  majority  of  the 
church  people  as  well  as  others  of  my  constituents, 
and  I  do  not  leave  that  to  Brother  Hobson  or  the 
officers  of  the  Anti-Saloon  League. 

A  World-Old  Problem. 

"So  far  as  this  scientific  aspect  of  the  liquor 
question  is  concerned  incidentally,  it  is  exactly  the 
same  today  that  it  has  been  since  that  early  day  in 
the  dawn  of  civilization  when  alcoholic  liquors  were 
first  made  a  part  of  the  civilized  human's  diet — I  re- 
fer all  true  students  of  this  great  question  to  the 
report  of  the  Committee  of  Fifty  on  th-e  Physiological 
Aspects  of  the  Liquor  Problem,  published  in  1905. 
The  conclusions  reached  by  that  eminent  body  of 
impartial  investigators  are  at  variance  with  the  new 
discovery.  Undoubtedly,  however,  in  the  prohibition 
propaganda  we  will  always  have  the  type  of  expert 
who,  for  his  preconceived  notion  or  the  mere  sake 
of  his  employment,  will  reach  the  kind  of  conclusions 
which  Captain  Hobson  has  so  elaborately  set  forth 
when  he  demonstrated  that  three  ounces  of  alcohol, 
instead  of  having  a  food  value  or  a  fair  effect  of 
stimulation,  was  truly  the  great  destroyer. 

"I  am  not  defending  alcohol  for  excessive  use  or 
advocating  its  use  at  all,  I  decry  drunkcnnes  as  much 
as  Captain  Hobson,  and  we  have  little  of  it  in  Pitts- 
burg. I  simply  say  that  wanton  denunciation  of 
alcohol  does  more  harm  than  good;  that  we  should 
honestly  teach  temperance  and  not  dishonestly  preach 
prohibition;  that  wc  should,  above  all,  tell  the  truth 
and  abstain  from  lies,  and  remember  that  after  all 
each  man  nuist  control  himself  and  if  he  uses  liquors 
be  temperate  in  their  use.  It  is  well  to  remember 
that  a  man  may  kill  himself  by  overeating,  and  that 
a  favorite  metiiod  of  committing  suicide  in  China  is 
by  eating  a  half  cupful  of  common  table  salt  at  one 
sitting." 

PROHIBITION    NOT    WANTED    IN   FRANCE. 

THE  prohibitionists   arc   daily  publishing  accounts 
of  the  progress  which  their  propaganda  is  mak- 
ing   in    war-ridden    Europe,    and    arc    attempting    to 
SO 


use  the  garbled  reports  which  they  present  as  an 
argument  for  national  prohibition  in  the  United 
States. 

The  falsity  of  these  statements  by  which  the  pro- 
hibitionists seek  to  obtain  publicity  for  their  cause 
shows  up  very  plainly  in  the  following  verbatim 
report  from  M.  Henri  Schmidt,  in  a  recent  number 
of  the  World's  Work: 

The  leader  in  the  fight  against  absinthe  in  France 
is  a  German-named  deputy  from  the  hard-drinking 
Vosges  district,  Henri  Schmidt.  He  was  returned 
to  the  Assembly  and  introduced  the  bill  which  put 
an  end  to  absinthe  in  Francp. 

He  is  a  type  of  officer  quite  familiar  in  France, 
tall,  athletic,  serious.  Although  engrossed  in  the 
affairs  of  war,  he  was  able  to  put  them  aside,  and 
proceeded  directly  to  tell  me  what  I  wanted  to  know. 

No  Puritanism  in  Movement. 

"You  must  understand  at  once,"  he  says,  "that 
our  struggle  for  temperance  in  France  is  different 
from  the  struggle  in  England  and  the  United  States. 
We  have  no  intention  of  attempting  prohibition. 
There  is  nothing  of  Puritanism  in  our  movement. 
We  are  not  Interested  in  making  the  French  people 
a  race  of  teetotalers.  It  would  not  be  possible,  and 
vy;e  would  not  care  to  accomplish  it,  if  It  were.  We 
have  nothing  against  wine  and  light  beers.  I  drink 
them,  and  so  do  the  other  members  of  the  Assembly 
who  are  fighting  alcoholism. 

"There  Is  another  point  In  which  our  problem  in 
France  Is  different  from  yours.  It  is  only  about 
fifty  years  old.  It  began  with  the  discovery  of 
absinthe.  Alcoholism  is  a  comparatively  new  word 
in  the  French  language.  Until  very  recent  years 
the  French  dictionary  referred  to  it  as  a  disease  of 
the  cold  countries.  There  was  then  practically  no 
alcoholism  In  France.  For  France,  up  to  the  middle 
of  the  last  century,  was  a  nation  of  wine-drinkers. 
There  was  very  little  drunkenness  and  hardly  any 
physical  degeneration  from  drink." 

All  this  does  not  sound  as  If  an  organization  on  a 
par  with  the  Anti-Saloon  League  would  "get  very 
far"  in  France. 

81 


FORCE  VS.  FREE  WILL. 

No  true  man  looks 

To  statute  books 
For  moral  guide  and  might; 

To  banish  sin 

He  looks  within, 
And  triumphs  in  the  right. 

'Tis  true,  a  State 

May  legislate 
On  moral  lines,  but  then 

It  is  a  fake, 

For  laws  can't  make 
Sober  or  Godly  men. 

He  but  disputes 

Man's  attributes, 
His  inbred  virtues  strong, 

Who  says  he's  prone. 

If  left  alone, 
To  sway  from  right  to  wrong. 

Freemen  despise 

Those  legal  lies 
Framed  to  defeat  free  will, 

And  hate  the  course 

Tliat's  shaped  by  force, 
Whether  for  good  or  ill. 

But  now  we'll  see 

Morality 
Taught  by  strict  legal  rules; 

All  men  will  share 

Compulsive  prayer. 
Worship,  and  Sunday  schools. 

For  now  the  State 

Must  regulate 
Man's  private  life  and  worth, 

And  all  his  needs 

And  churchly  creeds 
Be  shaped  by  law  from  birth. 

By  the  old  plan 

'Twas  God  made  man, 
And  God  that  saved  from  sin, 

For  God,  not  laws, 

Wiped  out  man's  flaws. 
And   made  him   strong   within. 

S.  M.  G. — A  Son  of  Virginia. 


FINANCIAL  RESULTS  OF  PROHIBITION. 

A  SHORT,  pithy  and  intensely  interesting  article 
*^  on  a  subject  which  is  giving  thousrands  of  serious- 
minded  men  food  for  thought  is  found  in  the  Maga- 
zine of  Wall  Street  for  April  17.  This  article  is 
headed,  "The  Financial  Results  of  Prohibition,"  and 
is  written  by  W.  R.  Couch.  It  speaks  in  emphatic 
tones  for  itself.     Here  it  is: 

"What  would  be  the  result  if  the  entire  liquor 
industry  in  the  United  States  were  wiped  out?  This 
is  the  momentous  issue  facing  the  people  now — and 
3'et  the  subject  is  not  discussed  seriously  and  hon- 
estly by  the  press. 

"The  following  figures  can  be  verified  by  consult- 
ing the  government's  statistics: 

Capital  invested  in  the  liquor  in- 
dustry    $1,294,583,426.00 

Annual     disbursements     other     than 

wages 1,121,696,097.36 

Annual  disbursement  for  wages 453,872,553.00 

Total $2,870,152,076.36 

Out  of  257  industries  specified  by  the  United 
States  census  of  1910  only  five  had  a  larger  amount 
of  capital  invested  than  the  liquor  industry. 

"The  value  of  farm  products  used  are  as  follows: 

Barley $55,236,641 

Corn   30,924,335 

Wheat 869,938 

Rice 7,288,786 

Hops 11,155,215 

Rye 4,604,476 

Molasses    2,056,626 

Fruit 751,835 

Other  products 626,119 

"Applying  mathematics  to  the  United  States 
census  report  you  will  find  that  during  1913  the 
liquor  interests  contributed  $13,485,460  to  farm  labor, 
or  a  sum  sufficient  for  the  employment  of  7,419  per- 
sons for  six  months  at  $30  per  month.  The  liquor 
industry  and  the  allied  industries  give  employment 
to  considerably  over  1,000,000  people,  and  if  their 
dependents  are  considered,  a  grand  total  of  about 
4,000,000  persons  are  involved. 

83 


Means  Increased  Taxes. 

"The  retail  liquor  trade  alone  pays  $199,438,882 
per  annum  for  rent — and  this  does  not  include  hotels, 
etc.,  that  will  be  seriously  affected.  There  will  be 
thousands  of  buildings  vacant,  with  the  result,  if 
supply  and  demand  mean  anything,  that  real  estate 
values  will  decrease,  but  taxes  will  increase  because 
of  a  decreased  revenue  to  state  and  government. 

"The  amount  of  insurance  carried  by  the  retail 
trade  alone  is  estimated  at  approximately  $226,772,180. 
The  annual  disbursements  for  license  fees  for 
1913  amounted  to  $109,254,044 — a  goodly  sum  to 
make  up  by  direct  taxation,  and  this  does  not  include 
lees  from  drug  stores,  grocery  stores  and  such  estab- 
lishments that  distribute  liquor.  There  is  approxi- 
mately $500,000,000  collected  annually  in  federal, 
state,  county  and  city  taxes  from  the  liquor  busi- 
ness which  will  be  wiped  out  by  prohibition.  There 
would  be  a  deficit  in  the  national  treasury  under 
prohibition  of  at  least  $325,000,000  a  year. 

New  York  Interests. 

"What  would  prohibition  and  local  option  mean 
to  New  York  state  alone?  There  are  152,000  per- 
sons employed — annual  wages  paid.  $128,000,000; 
value  of  product  in  trade.  $842,000,000;  internal 
revenue  tax  for  1914,  $72,000,000;  number  of  farms 
devoted  to  hops  culture,  2,227;  acreage,  12,850." 

"RUM"  A  MERE  VULGARISM. 

pvR.  OLIVER  WENDELL  HOLMES  was  one  of 
*-^  the  clearest  thinkers  of  his  day,  and  one  of  the 
most  valued  contributors  to  American  literature. 

He  detested  proiiibition,  as  he  did  every  other 
form  of  bigotry  and  hypocrisy  founded  upon  fallacy. 
When  a  second  attempt  was  made  to  fasten  prohibi- 
tion on  his  state  (^L1ssachusctts)  after  the  law  had 
been  tested  and  repealed.  Dr.  Holmes  was  one  of  the 
leaders  in  the  figlit  against  it.  His  opinions  on  this 
question  are  well  expressed  in  his  "Autocrat  of  the 
Breakfast  Table,"  when  he  referred  to  the  French 
wine  with  enthusiasm,  and  in  reply  to  the  divinity 
student's  question  if  he  believed  in  a  diet  of  rum, 
makes  the  old  autocrat  say: 

"Rum,  I  take  to  be  the  name  which  unwashed 
moralists  apply  alike  to  the  product  distilled 
from    mollasscs   and   the    noblest   juices   of   the 

84 


vineyard.  Burgundy,  'in  all  its  sunset  glow* 
is  rum.  Champagne,  'soul  of  the  foaming  grape 
of  Eastern  France,'  is  rum.  Hock,  which  our 
friend,  the  poet,  speaks  of  as: 

"'The    Rhine's    breast-milk,    gushing    cold    and 

bright. 
Pale  as  the  moon  and  maddening  as  her  light'." 

is  rum.  Sir,  I  repudiate  the  loathsome  vulgarism 
as  an  insult  to  the  first  miracle  wrought  by  the 
Founder  of  our  religion.  I  believe  in  temperance, 
nay,  almost  in  abstinence,  for  healthy  people. 
I  trust  that  I  practice  both.  But  let  me  tell  you 
there  are  companies  of  men  of  genius  into 
which  I  sometimes  go,  where  the  atmosphere  of 
intellect  and  sentiment  is  so  much  more  stimulat- 
ing than  alcohol,  that  if  I  thought  fit  to  take  wine 
it  would  be  to  keep  me  sober.  Among  the  gentle- 
men I  have  known,  few,  if  any,  were  ruined  by 
drinking.  My  few  drunken  acquaintances  were 
generally  ruined  before  they  became  drunkards. 
The  habit  of  drinking  is  often  a  vice,  no  doubt 
— sometimes  a  misfortune — as  when  an  almost 
irresistible  hereditary  propensity  exists  to  in- 
dulge in  it — but  oftenest  of  all  a  punishment." 

The  old  autocrat  then  remarked: 

"Men  get  intoxicated  with  rnusic,  with  poetry, 
with  religious  excitement,  oftenest  with  love. 
Ninone  de  I'Enclos  said  she  was  so  easily  excited 
that  her  soup  intoxicated  her,  and  convalescents 
have  been  made  tipsy  by  a  beefsteak." 

THE  NEED  OF  DEFENSE. 

'T'HERE  are  national  publications  running  now  in 
*  the  advocacy  of  the  prohibition  of  those  things 
which  make  life  worth  while — those  things  which 
help  us  forget  the  sordidness  of  our  usually  hum- 
drum living. 

Miinsterberg,  in  his  "American  Problems,"  discuss- 
ing "Prohibition  and  Temperance,"  has  this  to  say: 

"The  inhibition  by  alcohol,  too,  may  have  in 
the  right  place  its  very  desirable  purpose,  and 
no  one  ought  to  be  terrified  by  such  physiolog- 
ical statements,  even  if  inhibition  is  called  a 
partial  paralysis.     Yes,  it  is  partial  paralysis,  but 

85 


no  education,  no  art,  no  politics,  no  religion,  is 
possible  without  such  partial  paralysis.  What 
else  are  hope  and  belief  and  enjoyment  and 
enthusiasm  but  a  re-enforcement  of  certain 
mental  states,  with  corresponding  inhibition — 
that  is  paralysis — of  the  opposite  ideas?  If  a 
moderate  use  of  alcohol  can  help  in  this  most 
useful  blockade,  it  is  an  ally  and  not  an  enemy. 
If  wine  can  overcome  and  suppress  the  con- 
sciousness of  the  little  miseries  and  of  the 
drudgery  of  life,  and  thus  set  free  and  re-enforce 
the  unchecked  enthusiasm  for  the  dominant  idea, 
if  wine  can  make  one  forget  the  frictions  and 
pains  and  give  again  the  feeling  of  unity  and 
frictionless  power — by  all  means  let  us  use  this 
helper  to  civilization.  It  was  a  well-known 
philosopher  who  couples  Christianity  and  alcohol 
as  the  two  great  means  of  mankind  to  set  us 
free  from  pain.  But  nature  provided  mankind 
with  other  means  of  inhibition;  sleep  is  still 
more  radical,  and  every  fatigue  works  in  the 
same  direction;  to  inhibit  means  to  help  and  to 
prepare  for  action." 

Continuing,  he  says: 

"What  would  result  If  prohibition  should  really 
prohibit,  and  all  the  inhibitions  which  a  mild  use 
of  beer  and  wine  i^romise  to  the  brain  really  be 
lost?  The  psychological  outcome  would  be 
two-fold:  certain  effects  of  alcohol  which  serve 
civilization  would  be  lost;  and,  on  the  other 
hand,  harmful  substitutions  would  set  In.  To 
begin  with,  the  nation  ivould  lose  its  chcif  means 
of  recreation  after  worjc.  We  know  today  too 
well  tliat  physical  exercise  and  sport  Is  not  real 
rest  for  the  exhausted  brain-cells.  The  Ameri- 
can masses  work  hard  throughout  the  day.  The 
sharp  physical  and  mental  labor,  the  constant 
hurry  and  drudgery  produce  a  state  of  tension 
and  irritation  which  demands  before  the  night's 
sleep  some  dulling  inhibition  if  a  dangerous 
unrest  is  not  to  set  in.  Alcohol  relieves  that 
daily  tension  most  directly." 

Hugo  Afiinstcrbcrg,  professor  of  Psychology  of 
Harvard  University,  has  made  a  wise  tliougii  frank 
statement  in  the  above,  and  his  utterances  carry 
weight,    coming   as    the    words    of    one    who    really 

thinks. 

86 


"RECOGNIZED  NECESSITIES  OF  A  LAWFUL 
BUSINESS." 

NO  decision  of  greater  importance  to  the  friends 
of  the  liberal  interests  of  the  United  States  was 
ever  rendered  than  that  handed  down  by  the  Supreme 
Court  of  the  United  States  on  January  26,  1914, 
establishing  the  right  of  distillers  to  issue  warehouse 
receipts  for  whisky  stored  in  bonded  warehouses  in 
the  manner  and  form  which  has  prevailed  for  over 
fifty  years. 

It  was  this  right  which  was  attacked  and  which  has 
been  sustained  by  the  court  of  last  resort  in  our 
land.  The  importance  of  this  decision  cannot  be 
overestimated. 

In  this  case,  No.  115— October  Term  1913  in  the 
closing  paragraph  of  the  text  the  court  has  this  to 
say:  "But  we  know  of  no  ground  for  thus  condemn- 
ing honest  transactions  which  grow  out  of  the  recog- 
nized necessities  of  a  lawful  business." 

So  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States  has 
endorsed  the  business  of  selling  beer,  wine  and 
whiskey.  What  then  of  the  howls  to  the  contrary 
of  the  Anti-Saloon  League? 

CAUSES  OF  ACCIDENTS. 


Official    Statistics    Refute    Prohibitionists'    Theory. 


'THE  American  Statistical  Association  issues  a 
^  quartely  publication,  which,  under  date  of  Sep- 
tember 15,  1915,  contained  an  article  entitled  "A 
Study  of  the  Causes  of  Industrial  Accidents."  The 
abstracts  from  this  article  which  follow  need  no 
additional  comment,  as  they  speak  for  themselves: 

"Discussing    the    Prohibition    conditions    in    New 
York  State  the  author  of  this  article  says: 

"Although  further  reports  must  be  awaited, 
giving  detailed  statistics  of  accident  causes  in 
New  York  State,  yet  there  is  one  vital  fact  al- 
ready available  from  the  records  of  the  legal  de- 
partment of  the  New  York  State  Workmen's 
Compensation  Commission  throwing  light  upon 
the  mooted  question  of  personal  negligence. 
In  yie^v  of  the  provisions  of  this  act  making  in- 
toxication a  cause  of  exclusion  of  awards,  it  is 
important  to  inquire  into  the  results.     The  Legal 


Department  says  there  were  but  a  very  small 
number  of  cases — not  more  than  100  in  a  total 
of  18,930  awards  allowed — in  which  the  question 
of  intoxication  was  raised  by  either  the  employe 
or  insurance  carrier,  and  that  in  no  single  case 
did  the  Commission  decide  that  the  injuries  were 
due  solely  to  intoxication,  nor  was  a  single 
claim  disallowed  on  the  grounds  of  intoxication. 
It  is  evident  that  this  element  so  frequently  al- 
leged as  a  fertile  cause  of  accidents  was  not  ob- 
servable in  the  investigations  made  in  New  York 
State. 

New  Jersey's  Sad  Experience. 

Referring  to  New  Jersey  he  says: 

"The  New  Jersey  Workmen's  Compensation 
Law  w^as  enacted  in  1911,  intoxication  was  in- 
cluded among  the  acts  of  'negligence,'  which 
might  invalidate  a  claim.  The  report  from  New 
Jersey  for  1913  says:  'Of  4,276  cases  entitled 
to  compensation,  the  greater  part  were  settled 
promptly.  The  fact  that  of  all  the  cases  reported 
as  compensated,  93.2  per  cent  were  settled  auto- 
matically, i.  e.,  without  reference  to  a  court, 
speaks  well  for  the  law.  This  fact  evidently 
shows  that  willful  negligence,  whether  in  the 
form  of  intoxication  or  in  the  other  ways 
described  in  the  act,  was  so  nearly  absent  as  a 
factor  as  to  be  dismissed  from  consideration.'  " 

Quoting   statistics    from    the   report   of   the   Mas- 
sachusetts Industrial  Board  the  writer  says: 

"In  view  of  the  assertions  frequently  made  that 
Monday  is  the  principal  accident  day,  due  to  the 
effects  of  'Sunday  celebration,'  these  statistics 
showing  results  contrary  to  that  view  are  in- 
structive. The  statistics  given  for  the  year  1914, 
for  non-fatal  accidents,  would  seem  to  show  tliere 
were  more  accidents  on  Tuesday,  Wednesday 
and  Thursday,  than  on  ^Monda}'." 

The  report  continues: 

"So  far  as  wilful  negligence  (including  intoxi- 
cation) may  enter  into  the  matter  of  fault,  tiiere 
is,  judging  from  the  returns,  hardly  any  of  it  ad- 
mixed with  the  causes  of  industrial  accidents  in 
Massachusetts.  Of  156  cases  contested  by  appeal 
to  the  arbitration  committees  or  to  the  courts, 
ss 


from  July  12,  1912,  to  June  30,  1913,  there  were 
only  4  cases  in  which  there  was  any  charge  of 
intoxication,  and  in  only  3  cases  were  claims 
denied  on  that  ground." 

Negligence  a  Big  Factor. 

"The  records  of  the  Industrial  Commission  of 
Wisconsin  show  that  in  only  4  or  5  cases  out 
of  the  18,139  cases  up  to  January  1,  1915,  has 
the  employer  made  any  claim  that  the  employe 
was  intoxicated,  and  in  only  1  case  has  the  Com- 
mission found  that  the  injury  was  caused  by  in- 
toxication. In  view  of  these  returns,  the  ques- 
tion of  intoxication  is  not  to  be  seriously  con- 
sidered as  a  direct  cause  of  industrial  accidents 
in  Wisconsin." 

"California  reports  say:  'No  substantiation  is 
found  in  these  returns  for  the  extreme  assertion, 
so  often  made,  that  the  bulk  of  accidents  hap- 
pen on  Monday  and  are  the  result  of  the  use  of 
alcohol  on  Sunday.' 

"In  its  first  annual  report  that  of  1912,  the 
Industrial  Insurance  Commission  of  the  State  of 
Washington  says:  'Framers  of  compensation  acts 
in  other  states  and  of  the  Federal  Bills  for  rail- 
way employees  engaged  in  interstate  commerce 
have  devoted  considerable  attention  to  intoxica- 
tion as  productive  of  work  accidents.'  The  re- 
cords of  this  Commission  do  not  show  many 
cases  of  intoxication." 

In  summing  up  the  matter  the  statistician  says: 

•  "The  returns  show  that  deliberate  reckless- 
ness or  intoxication  is  not  frequent  as  a  cause  of 
accidents,  in  fact  is  so  exceedingly  slight  as  not 
to  require  serious  consideration  in  the  analysis 
of  the  immense  number  of  accidents  occurring 
in  the  United  States  annually.  This  conclusion 
seems  to  be  further  borne  out  by  the  statistics  in 
the  federal  report  dealing  with  the  cases  under 
the  United  States  Workmen's  Compensation  act 
of  1908.  Of  406  contested  cases  in  four  years 
(in  the  total  number  of  accidents,  the  majority 
of  the  claims  of  which  were  allowed)  negligence 
or  misconduct  was  alleged  in  80  cases  and  in 
only  1  case  was  intoxication  charged,  and  that 
charge  was  not  substantiated  by  the  courts." 


PROHIBITION  IN  DIXIE. 


Official  Light  Thrown  on  Dry  States  in  the  South. 


ttpiNANCE"  of  Xovember  13,  1915,  contained  an 
*      interesting    article    covering    the     success     of 
Prohibition  in  the  South. 

The  people  of  the  South,  without  seeking  infor- 
mation from  either  the  officials  of  the  "wet"  or  the 
"dry"  organizations  "sought  light  on  the  question 
from  the  only  unprejudiced  source — officials  who 
receive  and  disburse  moneys  of  the  municipalities 
and  the  states." 

Alabama's  $3,000,000  Deficit. 

Alabama  is  now  struggling  with  a  deficit  of  about 
$3,000,000,  which  appears  to  be  the  result  of  prohibi- 
tion. To  bring  the  nmnicipal  conditions,  in  concrete 
form,  into  plain  review,  we  will  cite  the  city  of 
Birmingham.  This  city,  according  to  an  editorial 
published  in  the  Survey  of  September,  1915,  has 
discontinued  its  street  cleaning  and  garbage  collec- 
tion. It  has  dispensed  with  its  health  officer,  city 
physician  and  market  inspector,  extinguished  half 
the  lights,  cut  the  school  term  from  nine  to  seven 
months,  and  reduced  by  10  per  cent  the  salaries  of 
teachers,  who  were  receiving  over  $75  a  month.  It 
has  discontinued  one-third  of  its  police  force,  and 
put  the  remainder  on  a  twelve-hour  shift.  It  has 
closed  several  fire  stations,  stopped  every  cent  of  its 
appropriations  to  hospitah,  children's  homes  and 
charities,  and  reduced  by  one-third  the  allowance 
for  the  maintenance  of  parks.  In  short,  the  city  has 
cut  its  expenses  $340,000.  It  was  compelled  to  make 
this  cut  because  it  costs  the  city  $1,228,629  a  year  to 
operate,  and  only  $896,556  was  available. 

Then  again  more  people  are  engaged  in  the  pro- 
duction of  illicit  liquor  in  Alabama  than  ever  before, 
despite  the  earnest  ellorts  of  the  secret  service  offi- 
cials to  stamp  it  out.  There  were  179  illicit  distil- 
leries seized  and  destroyed  in  1906;  in  1914  the 
number  had  risen  to  308. 

Dry  Georgia's  Condition. 

For  lack  of  funds  Georgia  has  been  compelled  to 
hold  up  the  salaries  of  school  teachers,  and  recently 


has  had  to  place  an  additional  $3,500,000  bond  issue 
on  the  market.  Several  cities  and  counties  of 
Georgia,  however,  derive  considerable  revenue  from 
licensing  beer  saloons,  otherwise  the  deficit  would  be 
still  greater. 

Prohibition  in  Georgia,  has  been  the  means  of 
stimulating  the  illicit  sale  of  intoxicants  on  a  scale 
never  before  experienced.  There  were  802  illicit 
distilleries  seized  in  1914  as  against  373  in  1906. 

Tennessee's  $6,000,000  Loss. 

What  has  been  the  effect  of  seven  years  of  prohi- 
bition in  Tennessee?  At  least  $6,000,000  worth  of 
property  was  destroyed  and  10,000  men  thrown  out 
of  employment  as  an  initial  result,  while  the  final 
result,  as  it  appears  at  this  writing,  is  that  the  ex- 
pense of  the  state  government  has  more  than  doubled 
since  the  law  went  into  effect,  and  there  is  a  deficit 
of  $1,022,000  in  the  state  revenues. 

As  a  consequence  of  the  loss  in  revenues,  taxes 
have  been  greatly  increased.  The  tax  commission 
of  the  Tennessee  State  Manufacturers'  Association, 
after  an  exhaustive  investigation,  reported:  "There 
is  a  tendency  throughout  the  state  to  increase  taxes 
on  an  already  over-burdened  people,  both  by  con- 
stant Increase  of  the  assessments  as  well  as  the  rate. 
Economy  in  public  affairs,  whether  state,  city  or 
county,  is  the  exception  and  not  the  rule." 

It  was  boldly  stated  before  the  law  was  passed 
that  the  saloon  was  the  cause  of  crime  and  that 
once  it  was  extinguished  the  police  force  of  the  state 
would  be  greatly  reduced;  but  the  results  have  not 
borne  out  this  theory.  There  have  been  so  many 
violations  of  the  prohibition  law,  and  so  varied  were 
the  surreptitious  methods  employed,  that  in  Nash- 
ville, Memphis  and  Chattanooga  it  has  been  found 
that  if  the  law  was  to  be  even  partially  enforced  a 
much  larger  police  force  was  necessary.  The  em- 
ployment of  these  extra  policemen  and  a  greatly 
increased  cost  of  criminal  prosecution  has  about 
doubled  the  state  and  municipal  expense  for  dealing 
with  crime  since  prohibition  went  into  effect. 

Illicit  distilleries  have  abounded  in  Tennessee  as  in 
other  Southern  prohibition  States.  In  the  year  1906 
there  were  but  54  establishments  of  this  kind  seized, 
while  in  1914,  249  were  destroyed. 

91 


Nashville's  Complicated  Finances. 

Nashville,  in  particular,  has  been  plunged  Into 
serious  financial  trouble.  Without  submitting  the 
question  to  a  vote  of  the  people  the  city  sold  bonds 
in  the  sum  of  $987,000  to  make  up  a  deficit  brought 
about  largely  by  the  cutting  off  of  privilege  licenses 
money  formerly  paid  by  liquor  sellers.  This  fact, 
joined  with  muddled  municipal  matters,  led  to  a 
motion  on  the  part  of  certain  citizens  and  taxpayers 
to  have  a  receiver  appointed  for  the  city.  The  motion 
was  granted  in  the  Court  of  Chancery,  but  was  re- 
versed by  the  higher  courts  on  the  grounds  that  no 
law  existed  by  which  a  municipality  could  be  thrown 
into  receivership. 

The  enforcement  of  the  law  in  Tennessee  has 
made  vacant  more  than  six  hundred  business  houses 
in  the  four  largest  cities  of  the  state,  and  75  per  cent 
of  them  are  vacant  today.  They  formerly  yielded  to 
their  owners  an  average  monthly  income  of  $50. 
Thus  it  will  be  seen  that  there  is  an  economic  loss 
to  these  property  owners  of  about  $360,000  a  year. 

Taxes  in  Dry  West  Virginia. 

In  July,  1915,  West  Virginia  entered  its  first  year 
of  state-wide  prohibition,  and  a  year's  experience 
has  resulted  in  the  highest  rate  of  taxation  ever 
known  in  the  history  of  tlie  state.  The  Yost  law 
deprived  the  state  treasury  of  $650,000  a  year  in 
licenses  formerly  taken  out  by  the  liquor  dealers. 
The  several  counties  of  the  state  that  had  retained 
the  license  system  under  local  option  were  deprived 
of  a  like  amount.  The  state  increased  taxes  of  all 
kinds  to  make  up  the  loss  and  the  cities  and  counties 
did  the  same.  As  a  consequence,  taxes  are  higher 
than  ever  before  tliroughout  the  state. 

Litigation  over  arrests  for  violating  the  prohibition 
law  has  choked  the  courts  until  there  is  a  demand 
for  new  tribunals  and  a  greater  number  of  officers. 
Judging  by  the  many  cases  and  the  testimony  given 
at  trials,  liquor  is  still  plentiful  in  the  state. 

The  story  of  State-wide  Prohibition  seems  to  be 
tlic  same  in  every  commonwealth  that  has  allied 
itself  officially  with  the  "dry"  movement. 

The  Anti-Saloon  League,  after  passing  through;  a 
given  state,  leaves  in  its  path  financial  chaos,  social 
distress  and  an  inevitable  "demoralized  view  of 
all  laws." 


The  Wise  Words  of  Ta£t. 

This  condition  is  well  summed  up  in  the  work, 
"Four  Aspects  of  Civic  Duty,"  by  Wm.  H.  Taft: 

"Nothing  is  more  foolish,  nothing  more  utterly 
at  variance  with  sound  policy  than  to  enact  a 
law  which,  by  reason  of  conditions  surrounding 
the  community  is  incapable  of  enforcement. 
Such  instances  are  sometimes  presented  by 
sumptuary  laws,  by  which  the  sale  of  intoxicat- 
ing liquors  is  prohibited  under  penalties  in 
localities,  where  the  public  sentiment  of  the  im- 
mediate community  does  not  and  will  not  sus- 
tain the  enforcement  of  the  law.  In  such  cases 
the  legislation  usually  is  the  result  of  agitation 
by  the  people  in  the  country  districts,  who  are 
determined  to  make  their  fellow  citizens  in  the 
city  better.  The  enactment  of  the  law  comes 
through  the  country  representatives,  who  form 
a  majority  of  the  legislature,  but  the  enforce- 
ment of  the  law  among  the  people  who  are 
generally  opposed  to  its  enactment,  and  under 
such  circumstances  the  law  is  a  dead  letter.  In 
cases  where  the  sale  of  liquor  cannot  be  pro- 
hibited in  fact,  it  is  far  better  to  regulate  than  to 
attempt  to  stamp  it  out. 

"By  the  enactment  of  a  drastic  law  and  the 
failure  to  enforce  it,  there  is  injected  into  the 
public  mind  the  idea  that  laws  are  to  be  observed 
or  violated  according  to  the  will  of  those  affected. 
I  need  not  say  how  altogether  pernicious  such 
a  loose  theory  is.  .  .  .  The  constant  violation 
or  neglect  of  any  law  leads  to  a  demoralized 
view  of  ail  laws." 

STATISTICS. 

TT  has  been  said  there  are  three  kinds  of  liars: 
^    liars,  durn  liars,  and  statistics. 

Statistics,  properly  and  intelligently  interpreted 
and  applied,  are  of  value.  However,  there  is  no 
other  means  of  argument  more  abused  than  the 
method  of  using  statistics. 

Let  us  turn  the  X-ray  on  some  "dry  facts  "  They 
tell  us  that  in  many  of  the  counties  of  Kansas  there 
are  no  poor.  They  do  not  tell  us  that  in  many  of 
these   counties  there   are  no   poor-houses.       Let   us 

93 


take  insanity  statistics — a  comparison  of  "wet"  Ohio 
with  "dry"  Kansas. 

What  if  Ohio  has  more  insane  in  her  institutions 
than  Kansas?  Is  that  an  argument  for  Prohibition? 
Most  certainly  it  is  not.  If  Ohio  is  humane  enough, 
progressive  enough  and  sufficiently  active  socially, 
to  build  and  maintain  the  needed  number  of  insane 
asylums,  then  practically  all  of  the  insane  in  Ohio 
will  be  found  in  these  institutions.  If,  on  the  other 
hand,  Kansas,  with  overcrowded  asylums,  fails  to 
properly  assume  the  care  of  her  insane,  many  of 
these  unfortunates  will  remain  at  large  or  be  found 
in  almshouses  and  other  institutions.  When  the 
census-taker  appears,  he  naturally  finds  more  insane 
in  percentage  to  the  population  in  Ohio  than  in 
Kansas.  Does  this  mean  an  argument  for  Prohibi- 
tion? If  a  state  is  near  bankruptcy,  because  of  the 
loss  of  revenue  through  Prohibition,  that  state  can- 
not properly  provide  for  the  care  of  those  "social 
misfits"  within  her  boundaries. 

The  big,  progressive  license  states  are  alive  to 
their  social  responsibilities.  The  moribund,  sleep- 
ing Prohibition  states  are  shirking  their  responsi- 
bilities to  their  unfortunate  citizens. 

A  bit  of  earnest  thought  is  necessary  in  connection 
with  the  reading  of  statistics — especially  "dr}'"  ones. 
—"The  Other  Side." 

IT'S  A  LONG,  LONG  WAY  TO  PROHIBITION. 

"It's  a  long  way  to  Prohibition, 
It's  the  wrong  way  to  go. 
It's  a  sure  way  to  bring  Perdition 
To  the  greatest  State  I  know. 
Let's  all  stick  together, 
Let  this  be  our  cry — 
It's  a  long,  long  way  to  Prohibition 
And  we'll  not  go  dry." 

THE    HOBSON    GERM    OF    INCONSISTENCY. 

4  fc  \\l  E  do  not  say  that  a  man  sliall  not  drink.      We 

*  »     ask  for  no  sumptuary  action.     W'c  do  not  say 

that  a  man  shall  not  drink  or  make  liquor  in  his  own 

home    for  his    own   use.       Nothing    of   that   sort   is 

94 


involved  in  this  resolution.  We  only  touch  the  sale. 
A  man  may  feel  that  he  has  a  right  to  drink,  but  he 
certainly  has  no  inherent  right  to  sell  liquor.  A 
man's  liberties  are  absolutely  secure  in  this  resolu- 
tion. The  liberties  and  sanctity  of  the  home  are 
protected.  The  liberties  of  the  community  are 
secure,  the  liberties  of  the  county  are  secure  and  the 
liberties  of  the  state  are  secure." — Hobson,  in  the 
Congressional  Record,  December  22,  1914,  page  586. 

Oh,  inconsistency,  thou  art  a  germ! 

According  to  Hobson,  then,  it  is  all  right  to  drink, 
all  right  to  have  liquor,  all  right  to  make  liquor  for 
your  own  use,  but  all  wrong  to  sell  it. 

If  drinking  is  the  cause  of  all  the  things  that 
Hobson  claims  in  the  seven  full  pages  of  his  speech 
in  the  Congressional  Record,  then  how  is  he  going 
to  remedy  these  evils  by  amendment  for  National 
Prohibition,  if  he  openly  endorses  by  voice  and  his 
pen,  the  right  to  drink,  possess  and  to  make  liquors 
in  so  far  as  the  individual  is  concerned? 

If  there  is  no  harm  in  the  individual,  drinking, 
making  and  using  these  beverages,  wherein  lies  the 
harm  in  some  individuals  selling  these  beverages? 
If  Hobson  as  quoted  above  is  right,  then  the  prin- 
ciple of  Prohibition  is  wrong,  and  if  Prohibition  is 
right,  then  Hobson  must  be  wrong.  But,  as  a  paid 
employee  of  the  Anti-Saloon  League  in  "good  grace," 
Hobson  evidently  speaks  with  authority,  especially 
as  he  was  the  official  leader  of  the  "drys"  in  the 
debates  in  Congress  on  the  "National  Prohibition" 
question. 

This  piece  of  inconsistency  is  without  a  parallel 
in  the  history  of  statesmanship.  Think  of  this  mon- 
umental piece  of  hypocrisy,  claiming  that  he  desires 
to  relieve  the  alleged  evils  of  the  liquor  business  and 
still  willing  to  endorse  the  manufacture  and  use  of 
beer,  wine  and  whisky  in  so  far  as  the  individual  is 
concerned!  Hobson  evidently  realizes  that  as  long 
as  there  is  a  demand,  the  supply  will  be  forthcoming 
One  of  two  things  must  be  true:  Either  all  the  state- 
ments of  Hobson  as  to  the  evil  effects  of  these 
beverages  are  false  statements,  or  Hobson  and  his 
followers  are  not  sincere  and  thoroughly  hpocritical 
in  their  campaign  for  Prohibition. 

We  will  have  more  to  say  of  Hobson  and  his 
speech  in  a  later  issue. — "The  Other  Side." 


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96 


97 


MAINE,   BANNER   DRY   STATE. 

"Dismal   Record"   follows  in   Wake   of  Prohibition 
Since  1851. 

1 4  PROHIBITION"  is  the  name  given  to  an  article 
*      which     appeared     in     the     November     North 
American  Review,  written  by  L.  Ames  Brown. 

Speaking    of    drunkenness    and    illegal    selling    of 
liquors  in  the  "dry"  state  of  Maine,  the  writer  says: 

"Records  of  the  number  of  commitments  to 
jail  for  intoxication  and  illegal  selling  .of  liquor 
furnish  impressive  evidence  as  to  the  farcical 
character  of  prohibition  in  recent  years.  In 
1898,  6,425  persons  were  committed  to  Maine 
jails,  of  whom  2,967  were  committed  for  intoxi- 
cation and  178  for  illegal  selling.  The  figures 
for  subsequent  years  follow: 

Total  com-     For  intoxica-     For  illegal 
mitments.  tion.  selling. 

1899 6,182  2,901  200 

1900 0,427  3,259  180 

1901 5,270  2,851  298 

1902 5,297  3,193  234 

1903 4,608  2,364  346 

1904 5,681  2,642  281 

1905 5,412  3,035  571 

"Tlie  jail  commitments  for  intoxication  are 
merely  a  partial  record  of  the  amount  of  public 
drunkenness  in  these  years,  for  in  the  small 
communities  only  the  most  obstreperous  street 
drunkards  who  made  nuisances  of  themselves 
were  arrested,  while  thousands  of  intoxicated 
persons  were  assisted  to  their  homes  by  acquain- 
tances or  even  local  authorities." 

Maine's  Long  "Dismal  Record." 

Later  Mr.  Brown  shows  how  the  "dismal  record  of 
public  drunkenness  continues": 

Total  com-     For  intoxica-  For  illegal 
mitments.                 tion.  selling. 

1900 4,483  1,980  429 

1907 5,769  2,934  441 

1908 6,046  3,609  707 

98 


He  says: 

"One  of  the  chief  reasons  for  this  steady  in- 
crease under  the  Stiirgis  law  was  that,  under  the 
more  open  violations  that  had  been  tolerated 
previously,  a  greater  proportion  of  ale,  beer,  and 
light  wines  had  been  sold.  The  bulk  of  these 
beverages  prevented  their  being  handled  to  ad- 
vantage surreptitiously  under  the  more  stringent 
enforcement  of  the  law,  and  it  resulted  that 
large  quantities  of  ardent  spirits,  oftentimes  of 
poorer  quality,  were  consumed.  The  quantity  of 
liquors  now  vended  by  the  Maine  bootleggers 
were  for  the  most  part  manufactured  from  the 
worst  and  most  poisonous  varieties  of  alcohol. 
Epitomizing  the  effect  of  prohibition  on  public 
intoxication,  it  may  be  observed  that  arrests  for 
drunkenness  in  Maine  averaged  25.5  per  1,000 
population,  as  against  18.5  for  all  the  other  New 
England  States." 

In  1912,  the  Constitutional  Amendment  for  state- 
wide prohibition  was  re-submitted  to  a  popular  vote 
in  the  State  of  Maine.  Commenting  upon  the  out- 
come of  this  election,  the  Honorable  C.  W.  Davis, 
Secretary  of  State  of  Maine,  said: 

Electorate  Honestly  Wide  Apart. 

"In  the  September  election,  in  one  of  the  most 
strenuous  campaigns  the  state  has  ever  wit- 
nessed, a  campaign  in  which  the  friends  of  the 
prohibition  law  mustered  to  their  aid  the  most 
influential  platform  orators  the  nation  could  pro- 
duce, a  campaign  in  which  the  churches  were 
organized,  their  pulpits  turned  into  political 
forums,  in  which  the  children  were  organized 
and  equipped  with  campaign  songs,  in  which  a 
publicity  fund  estimated  at  approximately 
$200,000,  with  every  one  of  the  520  towns  sup- 
plied with  oral  and  written  arguments,  and  with 
but  little  work  on  the  part  of  the  opposition,  the 
prohibitory  law  which  went  into  the  constitution 
in  1884  by  a  majority  of  45,000  was  retained  by  a 
paltry  758  votes.  Even  this  slender  margin  was 
in   doubt   for   many   days,   as    the   first   returns, 


known  as  the  Secretary  of  State's  returns,  gave 
the  result  as  60,487  for  repeal  and  60,461  for 
retaining  the  law;  a  majority  of  26  for  repeal. 
The  final  returns  of  municipal  officers  made  to 
the  Governor  and  Council,  after  the  correctiohs 
and  changes,  placed  the  official  vote  as  follows: 
60,095  for  repeal  and  60,853  for  retention  of 
the  law. 

The  result  of  this  election,  if  it  proves  any- 
thing, proves  that  the  electorate  of  Maine  were 
honestly  wide  apart  in  their  views  as  to  the  value 
of  the  law.  Eight  of  the  sixteen  counties  in  the 
state  voted  against  the  law,  and  the  cities  by  a 
majority  of  10,000  voted  against  it.  With  the 
population  in  character  and  growth  but  slightly 
changed,  60,095  voted  against  the  law  as  com- 
pared with  the  23,413  who  voted  against  it  in 
1884." 

"By  a  paltry  758  votes"  Alalne  managed  to  stay 
in  the  "dry"  column.  But  under  what  conditions? 
The  foregoing  statistics  show  at  what  cost  Maine  is 
remaining  a  prohibition  commonwealth.  How  long 
some  states  in  the  Union  will  continue  to  swallow 
this  kind  of  propaganda  is  a  question  which  all  sane 
students  of  government  arc  asking  themselves. 

Anent   Consumption  of  Liquors. 

Speaking  of  the  decrease  in  the  consumption  of 
liquors  for  the  fiscal  year  ending  June  30,  1915,  Mr. 
Brown  says: 

"There  was  a  decrease  of  14,983,333  gallons 
of  ardent  spirits  and  6,358,744  barrels  of  fer- 
mented liquors.  The  Anti-Saloon  League  offi- 
cial publications  immediately  laid  claim  to  the 
credit  for  this  decrease  on  behalf  of  the  prohi- 
bition movement.  .  These  publications  computed 
that  the  per  capita  consumption  in  the  fiscal 
year  1915  was  20.53  gallons,  which  was  the  lowest 
since  1905.  Without  undue  disparagement  of 
the  claims  of  the  prohibitionists,  however,  I  may 
state  the  opinion  that  a  considerable  proportion 
of  the  decrease  should  be  attributed  to  the  wave 
of  economy  that  spread  over  the  country  a  year 
ago.     Supporting  this  view,  it  may  be  mentioned 

100 


that  the  country,  according  to  the  same  internal 
revenue  report,  consumed  nearly  080,000,000 
fewer  cigars  than  in  the  previous  year." 

The  conclusion  to  Avhich  the  author  comes  is  the 
inevitable  one  after  a  tlioughtful  and  thorough  in- 
vestigation of  prohibition  and  its  effect  has  been 
made.  "One  general  conclusion  seems  unavoidable 
in  the  light  of  the  evidence  thus  adduced.  It  is  that 
State  prohibition  never  has  prohibited,  nor  has  it 
restrained  the  use  of  liquor  to  a  degree  that  a  sound 
basis  of  evolution  may  be  said  to  have  been  made 
for  the  operation  of  national  prohibition." 

It  is  also  most  significant  that  the  latest  reports 
of  the  United  States  internal  revenue  receipts  show 
a  tremendous  increase  with  the  resuming  of  normal 
business  conditions  in  this  country. 

TOBACCO  NEXT  ON  LIST. 
Puritanism  and  Paternalism,  Objects  of  Prohibition. 

RESOLVED,  That  it  is  the  sense  of  this  con- 
vention that  the  cultivation  and  sale  of  tobacco 
be  prohibited  by  law,  and  be  it  further 

RESOLVED,  That  we,  in  convention  assem- 
bled, do  hereby  call  upon  Boards  of  Health  and 
all  legislative  bodies,  both  national  and  state,  to 
enact  and  enforce  laws  prohibiting  the  cultivation 
and  sale  of  tobacco. — From  the  resolution  of  the 
Annual  Convention  of  the  Non-Smokers'  Pro- 
tective League  of  America. 

'T'HIS  editorial  is  written  for  the  Tobacco  Trade 
*  of  America  in  the  hope  that  those  who  are  still 
sleeping  will  awaken  to  the  realization  of  the  fact 
that  there  is  a  decided  and  growing  movement  to 
"prohibit"  the  manufacture  and  sale  of  tobacco. 

The  fact  that  there  are  a  number  of  organizations 
and  publications  devoted  to  the  idea  of  Anti-Tobacco 
is  probably  not  known  by  most  of  the  men  engaged 
in  the  tobacco  business.  The  half  dozen  periodicals 
and  the  half  dozen  societies  devoted  to  this  cause 
will  continue  to  grow  just  as  the  Anti-Saloon  League 
has  grown. 

In  the  case  of  those  political  agitators  who  are 
engaged  in  the  various  "anti"  campaigns,  It  Is  not  so 

101 


much  the  consideration  of  the  proverb  "Where  there 
is  a  will,  there  is  a  way,"  that  prompts  them  to 
constant  endeavor,  but  rather  the  slogan  that  "Where 
there  is  money,  there  is  pay." 

Value  of  Mexican  Tactics. 

The  "Anti"  crowd  always  reminds  us  of  the  Mexi- 
can generals  we  read  of  in  the  daily  press.  The 
resemblance  lies  in  the  fact  that  both  depend  upon  a 
condition  of  warfare  for  their  existence  and  pros- 
perity. Peace  means  a  lack  of  funds.  Neither  the 
Mexican  general  nor  the  "anti"  leader  want  a  settle- 
ment of  the  question  at  hand.  They  thrive  on 
agitation. 

The  tobacco  man  may  say  "there  is  no  danger  for 
us  in  these  weak  attempts  to  turn  public  sentiment 
against  us."  He  forgets  that  the  constant  display  of 
one  side  of  an  argument  with  the  constant  absence 
of  the  other  side  means  a  growing  strength  in  public 
opinion  toward  the  side  ever  presented. 

The  tobacco  man  also  forgets  that  the  same  type 
and  same  group  that  would  prohibit  beer,  wine  and 
whisky,  are  "agin"  tobacco.  The  Women's  Chris- 
tian Temperance  Union  is  the  best  example  of  this 
common  enemy. 

Puritanism  and  Paternalism. 

A  pamphlet  at  hand  gives  as  the  "objects  of  Prohi- 
bition the  essence  of  puritanism  and  paternalism.  Its 
object  is  not  simply  the  destruction  of  the  saloon, 
but  to  deprive  the  individual  of  wine,  beer  and 
whiskey,  of  tobacco,  and  of  other  things  that  relieve 
the  humdrum  of  life  and  make  living  worth  while. 
\\'hile  fighting  for  prohibition  of  the  legitimate  liquor 
traffic,  these  other  objects  and  aims  are  kept  under 
cover." 

Air  Tobacco  man  have  you  ever  read  the  "Youth's 
Instructor,"  "Tlie  Rov  Magazine,"  the  "Anti-Cigar- 
ette League's  Magazine,"  the  "Sunday  School 
Times,"  "Scientific  Temperance  Federation"  and  the 
"Vindicator"?  The  columns  of  these  publications  are 
devoted  to  the  destruction  of  your  business. 

Let  us  assume  momentarily  that  a  National  Prohi- 
bition Amendment  has  been  enacted  with  the  result 
that  the  legal  manufacture  of  liquor  has  ceased. 

102 


There  would  be  a  number  of  very  important  re- 
sults. First  of  all,  a  revenue  of  about  $250,000,000, 
now  derived  from  the  tax  and  customs  duties  on 
liquors,  over  one-third  of  the  total  revenue  of  the 
United  States,  wo::M  no  longer  be  paid  into  the 
treasury  of  our  National  Government.  The  question 
would  then  arise,  who  will  bear  this  burden  and  who 
will  supply  the  needed  revenue?  Past  experiences 
would  indicate  that  the  tobacco  business  would  be 
the  most  likely  from  which  to  derive  this  necessary 
revenue.  The  result  would  be  that  the  cost  of  cigars 
would  be  increased  and  smokers  would  be  compelled 
to  smoke  the  cheaper  brands  of  tobacco. 

Next   Step   in   Prohibition. 

After  the  National  Prohibition  of  liquors  had  been 
achieved  the  workers  of  the  Anti-Saloon  League 
would  be  without  a  job.  Their  Anti-Saloon  agitation 
days  would  be  over,  and  it  would  be  necessary  to 
seek  out  some  other  field  which  would  afford  fertile 
ground  for  their  agitating  ability. 

Tobacco — according  to  the  utterances  and  writings 
of  the  "antis,"  will  without  doubt  be  next  in  line. 
The  destruction  of  the  industry  and  the  confiscation 
of  its  property  will  be  the  next  step. 

Here,  then,  we  have  at  least  two  big  factors 
which  would  result  adversely  upon  the  tobacco  inter- 
ests, should  National  Prohibition  of  liquors  ever  be 
accomplished.  One,  tobacco  would  be  the  most 
likely  source  from  which  the  deficit  in  the  United 
States  revenue  could  be  made  up.  The  other,  to- 
bacco would  be  the  most  likely  article  of  common 
use  toward  which  the  agitating  organization  could 
turn  in  order  to  continue  their  existence. 

The  tobacco  farmer  and  farm  hand,  the  cigar 
maker,  and  those  employers  and  employees  of  trades 
allied  to  the  tobacco  industry,  cannot  afford  to  wink 
at  the  existence  of  "Prohibition,"  nor  at  the  presence 
of  the  Anti-Saloon  League. 

The  tobacco  men  of  the  United  States  should 
think  long  and  deeply  upon  this  question  and 
realize  that  it  is  not  so  much  one  of  defending 
liquors  or  defending  tobacco,  but  it  is  a  question  of 
presenting  a  unified,  strong  and  constant  opposition 
to  the  prohibition  idea— "The  Other  Side." 

103 


PROHIBITION  WOULD  COST  FROM  THREE 
TO  FIVE  BILLION  DOLLARS. 

pUT  as  briefly  as  possible,  the  different  effects  of 
^    nation-wide  prohibition  may  be  stated  as  follows: 

Abolition  of  business  representing  a  capitalization 
estimated  at   from  $3,000,000,000   to  $5,000,000,000. 

Absolute  loss  of  a  large  proportion  of  the  assets 
of  this  industry  and  tremendous  depreciation  in  value 
of  the  remainder. 

Closing  up  of  over  2,400  plants  manufacturing 
distilled,  malt  and  vinous  liquors,  having  a  capital, 
by  the  1909  census,  of  $831,000,000,  purchasing  raw 
materials  valued  at  $169,000,000  annually  and  turning 
out  a  .product  valued  at  over  $630,000,000  annually. 

Closing  up  of  over  203,000  retail  liquor  establish- 
ments with  an  investment  running  up  into  many  mil- 
lions  of  dollars. 

Bankruptcy  for  thousands  of  these  manufacturers, 
wholesalers  and  retailers  who  will  find  themselves 
facing  a  trcmcndoas  loss  on  property,  the  value  of 
which  is  either  wiped  out  or  greatly  depreciated  and 
a  large  proportion  of  whose  debtors  in  the  same  line 
of  business  will  be  unable  to  meet  bills  due. 

Switching  of  thousands  of  these  dealers  to  other 
lines  of  industry,  where  they  will  come  into  competi- 
tion with  their  brains  and  what  is  left  of  their  capital 
with  manufacturers  and  merchants  already  in  those 
fields. 

Millions  to  Railroads. 

Loss  to  railroads  of  the  country  of  revenue  on 
traffic  running  up  into  millions  of  dollars,  netting 
them  a  considerable  percentage  of  their  income 
from  freight.  According  to  tlic  United  States  Statis- 
tical Abstract  for  1913,  the  total  movement  of  manu- 
factures of  the  wine,  whisky  and  beer  industry  in 
1912  amounted  to  over  7.000,000  tons,  or  2V2  per  cent 
of  the  total  traffic  of  all  manufacturing  industries 
of  the  country. 

Loss  of  billions  of  dollars  to  wholesale  grocers, 
hotel  owners,  restaurant  keepers,  druggists,  both 
wholesale  and  retail,  most  of  whom  ordinarily  are 
not  classed  by  the  ->ublic  with  the  liquor  industries. 

Loss  of  billions  of  dollars  in  assets  and  in  annual 
business  to  barrel  and  stave  manufacturers,  lumber 
men,    bottle    makers,    box    markers,    grain    dealers, 

104 


printers,   auto    truck   manufacturers   and   other   col- 
lateral lines  of  business. 

Many  Trades  Affected. 

Loss  of  millions  of  dollars  annually  to  insurance 
men  in  premiums.  Loss  of  millions  to  building  con- 
structors, etc.  It  is  estimated  now  that  millions 
of  dollars  of  improvements  by  distillers,  brewers, 
wholesale  and  retail  dealers  are  being  held  in  abey- 
ance as  the  result  of  the  uncertainty  about  the  future 
of  their  business,  this  failure  to  invest  capital  in  hand 
being  one  of  the  factors  in  the  slow  recovery  from 
the  general  business  depression. 

Loss  of  customers  for  hundreds  of  millions  an- 
nually now  received  for  corn,  barley,  hops,  rice, 
wheat,  grapes,  apples,  peaches,  cherries,  molasses 
and  other  farm  products  now  utilized  by  distillers, 
brewers  and  wine  makers. 


200,000  Directly  Employed. 

Loss  of  jobs  by  some  15,000  salaried  employees, 
some  15,000  traveling  salesmen,  some  65,000  wage 
earners  in  manufacturing  and  wholesale  liquor  es- 
tablishments, and  loss  of  places  by  101,234  bartend- 
ers, a  grand  total  of  nearly  200,000  employees,  making 
a  living  upon  a  conservative  estimate  for  1,000,000 
of  the  100,000,000  people  of  the  country.  All  of  these 
figures,  with  the  exception  of  the  estimate  as  to  trav- 
eling salesmen,  are  from  the  United  States  Census 
of  Manufactures  for  1909.  The  salary  and  wages 
of  the  employees  of  the  liquor  manufacturing  plants 
alone  in  1909  is  given  by  the  census  as  over  $73,000,- 
000  a  year. 

Millions   to    Farmers. 

Loss  In  addition  to  this  to  farm  laborers,  amount 
of  which  is  problematical.  According  to  the  census 
for  1909,  farm  laborers'  wages  averaged  11.88  per 
cent  of  total  value  of  crops  produced.  Applying  this 
ratio  to  $113,513,971  worth  of  farm  products  used 
by  breweries  and  distilleries  in  1913,  the  total  pay- 
ment for  farm  labor  of  products  used  in  these  indus- 
tries was  over  $13,000,000,  a  sum  sufficient  for  the 
employment  of  nearly  75,000  persons  for  six  months, 
at  an  average  wage  of  $30  a  month. 

105 


$250,000,000  Internal  Revenue. 

Loss  of  $230,000,000  annually  in  internal  revenue 
and  over  $18,000,000  in  custom  revenue,  a  grand  total 
of  nearly  $250,000,000,  over  one-third  of  the  total 
annual  income  from  all  sources. 

Necessity  of  raising  this  vast  sum  by  taxation 
in  other  directions.  The  difficulty  of  this  will  be  ap- 
parent to  all  who  recall  the  stress  attendant  upon 
the  imposition  a  short  time  back  of  a  $100,000,000 
war  tax. 

Necessity  for  a  vast  army  of  United  States  officials 
to  enforce  the  nation-wide  prohibition  law  in  every 
state  and  every  local  community  within  the  country's 
bounds.  This  will  also  entail  the  necessity  of  raising 
a  great  sum  by  taxation  in  addition  to  that  raised 
to  replace  the  internal  revenue  and  customs  revenue 
lost  by  abolishing  the  liquor  industry. 

Loss  to  states  of  many  millions;  to  counties  of 
other  millions,  and  to  incorporated  places  having  a 
population  of  2,500  and  over,  of  $51,955,001,  a  grand 
total  running  up  into  the  hundreds  of  millions  every 
year  in  liquor  license  and  tax  receipts. 

LITERARY    DIGEST    DISCUSSES    NEW 

DANGERS    OF    RUSSIAN 

PROHIBITION. 

ACCORDING  to  the  articles  now  appearing  in 
**■  Russian  newspapers,  as  quoted  by  the  Literary 
Digest,  Russia  is  now  facing  many  difficulties  in  con- 
nection with  tiic  recent  prohibition  propaganda  es- 
tablished purely  as  a  war  measure. 

According  to  the  Literary  Digest,  the  wave  of 
temperance  which  swept  Russia  at  the  beginning  of 
the  war,  after  the  Czar's  ukase  forbidding  the  sale 
of  spirituous  liquors,  is  rapidly  receding. 

This  same  Journal  says  that  the  Russian  news- 
papers are  authority  for  the  statement  that  the 
people  are  rapidly  becoming  addicted  to  poisonous 
substitutes  for  the  prohibited  vodka  and  that  the 
secret  manufacture  and  sale  of  these  substitutes  are 
assuming  considerable  proportions  throughout  the 
Empire  and  that  the  cases  of  poisoning  caused  by 
these  drinks  arc  a  daily  occurence. 

Continuing,  the  Digest  states  that  writing  in  the 
Russki  \'ratch  (Pctrograd)  Dr.  Novosclski  gives  in- 

lOG 


teresting  figures  showing  the  growth  of  mortality 
due  to  alcoholism  in  Petrograd.  According  to  his 
official  data,  there  were  26  cases  of  death  from  de- 
lirium tremens  in  the  period  from  August  17th  to 
September  13,  1914;  33  cases  from  September  14  to 
October  11;  34  from  October  12  to  November  8; 
43  from  November  9  to  December  6;  53  from  Decem- 
ber 7  to  January  3,  1915;  58  from  January  4  to  Jan- 
uary 31,  and  66  from  February  1  to  February  28. 

Increased    Mortality   With   Prohibition. 

Commenting  upon  these  figures  Dr.  Novoselski 
writes: 

"Before  prohibition  the  mortality  figures 
varied  and  changed  without  definite  regularity; 
after  prohibition  they  show  a  regular  and  con- 
stant increase.  The  prohibition  measures  weire 
becoming  stricter  and  stricter;  at  first  the  sale 
of  vodka  was  forbidden  everywhere  but  at  the 
first-class  restaurants;  then  the  prohibition  was 
extended  also  to  those  restaurants,  but  with  the 
permission  to  sell  beer  and  wine;  and  lastly 
there  followed  a  general  and  complete  inhibi- 
tion of  the  free  traffic  in  any  and  all  alcoholic 
drinks  In  general.  And  the  mortality  from  al- 
coholism increased  as  those  measures  pro- 
gressed  

"The  constant  rise  of  the  mortality  figures, 
which  bears  testimony  to  the  growing  number 
of  consumers  of  different  substitutes  for  vodka, 
shows  that  these  are  used  not  only  by  confirmed 
drunkards,  but  generally  by  those  classes  who 
before  the  prohibition  law  used  to  drink  moder- 
ately. .  .  .  From  the  report  of  the  Obukhow 
Hospital  at  Petrograd,  it  can  be  seen  that  among 
the  victims  of  alcoholism  who  entered  the  hos- 
pital were  persons  of  all  ages  (many  twenty  to 
thirty  years  of  age)  and  all  occupations." 

Prohibition  Proves  Unpopular. 

In  Russia's  western  province,  according  to  "R. 
G."  in  the  Ryetch,  prohibition  does  not  seem  to  be 
very  popular.     He  says: 

107     ■ 


"The  sun  of  sobriety  has  set  before  it  reached 
the  zenith.  The  first  two  months  drunkenness 
was  really  not  noticeable.  In  the  villages  the 
fact  that  the  law  came  into  force  at  the  busy 
season  contributed  largely  toward  abstinence 
from  drink.  In  the  cities  isolated  cases  of  the 
use  of  poisonous  imitations  of  alcoholic  bever- 
ages ended  so  deplorably  that  there  was  a  fair 
prospect  of  getting  rid  of  incurable  drunkards. 
But  here  the  field-work  came  to  an  end,  the  or- 
ganism had  partly  adapted  itself  to  the  harmful 
imitations,  partly  adapted  them  to  itself,  and  life 
entered  upon  its  normal  course.  The  village  folk 
had  hardly  had  time  to  wear  out  the  boots  in 
which  they  marched  after  the  coffin  of  'the  mo- 
nopoly' when  tens  of  thousands  of  illicit  liquor 
distilleries,  factories  of  all  kinds  of  strong  drinks, 
came  into  existence.  It  must  be  said  that  the 
fight  against  the  producers  of  such  drinks  is 
being  waged  energetically.  Since  the  issuance  of 
the  circular  offering  a  reward  for  the  discovery 
of  secret  traffic  in  liquor  the  excise  officials  and 
rural  authorities  have  vigorously  prosecuted  the 
task.  According  to  official  data,  for  the  latter 
part  of  1914  there  were  discovered  in  Vilna  gov- 
ernment alone  58  illicit  liquor  distilleries,  while 
for  the  preceding  year  there  had  been  discovered 
14  such  places.  But  in  the  place  of  those  sup- 
pressed new  ones  spring  into  existence,  and,  be- 
sides, the  manufacture  of  alcoholic  beverages  is 
being  practiced   in   private  dwellings 

Negative  Results  Follow  Prohibition. 

"It  is  now  ten  months  .  .  .  since  the  sale 
of  liquor  was  discontinued.  .  .  .  After  such 
a  considerable  time  the  stoppage  of  the  traffic 
in  liquor  takes  on  a  permanent  character,  and 
a  return  to  the  former  order  becomes  less  and 
less  possible.  However,  it  would  be  naive  and 
ruinous  to  regard  the  work  of  reform  as  com- 
pleted. On  the  contrary,  this  task  is  now  all 
ahead,  there  is  much  of  it,  and  the  work  is  ur- 
gent. The  stoppage  of  the  sale  of  liquor  has 
undoubtedly  made  a  revolution  in  the  psychol- 
ogy of  the  masses.     Vodka  played  a  great  part 

108 


in  our  peasant  life,  and  its  disappearance  creates 
a  greater  or  less  vacancy  which  in  some  way  or 

other  must  be  filled It  is  therefore, 

not  surprising  that  the  further  it  is  from  the  be- 
ginning of  the  war  the  more  often  there  appear 
reports  about  secret  liquor  distilleries,  the  spread 
of  various  imitations,  dangerous  not  only  for 
health,  but  for  life  itself.  There  also  come  re- 
ports that  the  village  folk  are  becoming  addicted 
to  gambling,  and  that  a  passion  for  it  is  seizing 
the  whole  mass  of  peasantry.  In  short,  every- 
thing points  to  the  fact  that  the  sobering  of  the 
people  cannot  be  accomplished  by  the  simple 
discontinuance  of  the  traffic  in  liquor.  It  is 
necessary  to  employ  their  leisure  in  some  inter- 
esting and  instructive  manner,  otherwise  the 
reform,  so  grandiose  and  full  of  beautiful  possi- 
bilities, will  yield  negative  results." 

Liquor  of  Poisonous   Imitations. 

The  Novoye   Vremya    (Petrograd),   which  also   is 
a  strong  supporter  of  prohibition,  remarks: 

"It  must  be  admitted  that  the  great  historical 
act  by  which  the  traffic  in  liquor  was  forbidden 
found  the  country  far  from  prepared  to  replace 
the  drunken  haze  by  sober  pastime.  The  door 
of  the  wine-shops  in  w^hich  the  people  got  a 
strong  narcotic  means  of  self-diversion  from  the 
eternally  miserable  conditions  of  their  life 
closed,  but  only  now  has  the  question  occurred, 
how  to  fill  the  spare  time  thus  gained.*  *  *  * 
Now  the  surest  means  of  keeping  the  people 
from  drunken  orgies  is  the  war  and  the  over- 
whelming interest  manifested  toward  it  even  in 
the  most  obscure  corners  of  Russia.  But  the 
war  will  end,  and  at  that  happy  moment  when 
the  Allies  will  find  it  possible^  to  conclude 
peace,  the  acute  question  will  arise:  Will  the 
people  wish  to  express  their  joy  in  a  sober  man- 
ner, or  will  they  drown  it  in  the  poisonous^  irai- 
tations  of  the  government  liquor?  That  is  to 
Russia  a  question  of  supreme  importance.  Just 
a  bare  prohibition  of  vodka  after  the  war  would 
be  only  an  injunction  which  could  be  circum- 
vented. It  is  necessary  to  divert  the  population 
from  vodka,  to  cultivate  a  taste  for  a  different 
employment  of  their  leisure." 

109 


ANTI-SALOON  LEAGUE  "INQUISITION." 

The  extremes  to  which  "Prohibition"  will  present- 
ly run  if  the  sanity  of  the  people  at  large  does  not 
put  an  immediate  curb  upon  it  is  shown  in  a  letter 
received  by  the  New  York  Evening  Sun  from  "Her- 
man Trent,  of  the  Anti-Saloon  League,"  and  dated 
from  148  Tenafly  Road,  Englewood,  N.  J.,  in  which 
the  following   startling   declaration   occurred: 

"Speaking  now  in  my  personal  capacity,  and 
not  as  a  member  of  the  Anti-Saloon  League,  I 
will  say  that  I  regard  the  anti-liquor  crusade 
as  merely  the  beginning  of  a  much  larger  move- 
ment— a  movement  that  will  have  as  its  watch- 
word 'Efiicienc)'  by  Government.'  If  I  had  my 
way  I  would  not  only  close  up  the  saloons  and 
the  race  tracks.  I  would  close  all  tobacco  shops, 
confectionery  stores,  delicatessen  shops  and 
other  places  where  gastronomic  deviltries  are 
purveyed — all  low  theaters  and  bathing  beaches. 
I  would  forbid  the  selling  of  gambling  devices, 
such  as  playing  cards,  dice,  checkers  and  chess 
sets;  I  would  forbid  the  holding  of  socialistic, 
anarchistic  and  atheistic  meetings;  I  would 
abolish  dancing;  I  would  abolish  the  sale  of 
coffee  and  tea,  and  I  would  forbid  the  making 
or  sale  of  pastry,  pic,  cake  and  such  like  trash." 

The  Xew  York  Evenuing  Sun  comments  as  fol- 
lows upon  the  fanaticism  of  this  Anti-Saloon  zealot: 

Shows    Spirit    of    Inquisition. 

"Assuredly  the  writer  of  the  above  is  not  jok- 
ing. He  is  animated  with  the  fervor  of  the 
Spanish  Inquisition  or  a  Scotch  conventicle.  He 
is  quite  sure  of  what  is  right,  or  rather  of  what 
is  wrong,  regardless  of  any  one  else's  views  and — 
vengeance  is  his,  not  the  Lord's.  As  he  cannot 
whip  or  burn  in  the  present  age,  he  would  have 
the  evil  doer  rot  in  jail. 

"These  cases  which  we  cite,  the  action  of  a 
State  Department  and  the  declaration  of  faith 
of  an  anti-saloon  zealot,  seem  to  us  to  be  highly 
instructive.  They  arc  characteristic  of  the  prohi- 
bition spirit,  the  will  to  rule  the  private  lives 
of  men  and  women  with  the  iron  hand,  strictly 
for  their  own  good,  of  course,  but  without  the 

110 


slightest  regard  to  individual  conscience  or  indi- 
vidual will.  The  prohibitive  tyranny  grows  and 
becomes  bolder  with  use,  and  each  shackle  that 
it  imposes  on  the  community  is  an  encourage- 
ment and  an  incentive  to  devise  another.  There 
is  no  end  to  it.  Mr.  Trent  takes  pains  to  say 
that  he  speaks  for  himself  and  not  for  his 
League.  We  think  it  likely  that  few  of  his  asso- 
ciates would  be  as  sweeping  as  he,  but  all  of  his 
fads  have  their  supporters;  some  of  them  are  no 
doubt  favored  by  one  group  and  others  by 
another." 


ANTI-SALOON  LEAGUE'S  NATIONAL  LOBBY 

Discussing  the  organization  of  the  Anti-Saloon 
League,  L.  Ames  Brown,  in  the  North  American 
Review,  has  the  following  to  say  of  the  lobby  at 
Washington,  a  branch  of  which  may  be  found  in  all 
of  the  states: 

"The  prohibition  forces  today  are  organized  with  a 
degree  of  efficiency  attained  by  few  moments  in 
the  history  of  the  republic.  Their  efficiency  of  or- 
ganization prevents  us  effectually  from  drawing  a 
parallel  between  the  Dow  movement  and  the  Hob- 
son  movement,  says  the  North  American  Review. 

The  power  of  that  portion  of  public  opinion  which 
now  supports  the  demand  for  national  prohibition 
is  exerted  upon  Congress  and  state  political  bodies 
and  in  elections  through  the  Anti-Saloon  League  of 
America.  The  league  organizes  and  manages  every 
important  prohibition  fight  made  in  the  country,  and 
maintains  at  Washington  one  of  the  most  powerful 
lobbies  ever  seen  at  the  national  capital.  It  is  known 
as  the  national  legislative  headquarters  of  the  league, 
and  it  is  in  charge  of  Rev.  E.  C.  Dinwiddle,  national 
legislative  superintendent. 

"Clearly  a  Lobby." 

It  is  a  lobby  clearly  within  the  sense  of  the  term 
accepted  in  modern  American  politics.  Its  repre- 
sentatives, backed  by  an  organized  influence  of 
public  opinion,  are  enabled  to  dictate  the  attitude 
of  a  considerable  number  of  Congressmen  on  a  pend- 
ing question,  with  the  result  that  Congressmen,  of- 

111 


tentimes  are  driven  to  vote  against  their  own  views 
and  their  own  consciences  in  favor  of  the  measures 
advocated  by  the  lobby.  The  harmful  effect  of  such  a 
lobbying  enterprise  upon  our  system  of  government 
does  not  admit  of  controversy.  It  is  inimical  to  the 
^'ery  spirit  of  our  governmental  instituti«)ns  in  that 
it  would  remove  the  legislative  power  from  Congress 
itself,  in  so  far  as  the  matter  of  prohibition  is  con- 
cerned, and  place  this  power  in  the  hands  of  the 
Anti-Saloon  League.  A  lobby  always  has  been  con- 
demned by  the  American  people.  The  very  term 
"lobby"  has  been  anathema  in  American  politics. 
The  Anti-Saloon  League  has  been  utterly  fearless 
in  Its  operations,  however,  and  has  made  no  effort  to 
cloak  its  activities  in  the  corridors  of  the  House 
of  Representatives. 

CHICAGO'S  AMAZING  DIVORCE  STATISTICS. 

In  the  official  statistics  presented  by  Patrick  J.  J. 
McCarthy,  marital  statistician  for  Cook  County,  Il- 
linois, desertion  is  the  chief  cause  of  divorce,  with 
cruelty  and  infidelity  next  in  order,  while  habitual 
drunkenness  is  placed  last  among  the  leading  causes 
for  legal  separation. 

Population  of  city 2,550,000 

Marriage  licenses  issued  in  1914 33,897 

Divorce,    separate    maintenance    and    annul- 
ment suits 5,121 

Decrees  granted 3,614 

Ratio    of    suits    filed    to    marriage    licenses 

issued  1  to  6 

Ratio  of  suits  disposed  of  by  decree  to  mar- 
riage licenses  issued 1  to  9 

Ratio   of   separations   to   number   of   inhabi- 
tants   1  to  497 

Ratio  of  decrees  to  number  of  inhabitants..!  to  705 


COMPLAINANTS. 

Women  granted  decrees 2,710 

Men  granted  decrees 904 


LEADING  CAUSES. 

Female  Male 

comprts      compl'ts 

Desertion    1,045  535 

Cruelty 668  30 

Infidelity  301  182 

Habitual  drunkenness 24  18 

CHILDREN. 

Couples  without  children  given  decree 2,302 

Couples  with  children  given  decree 1,312 

Couples  with  minor  children  only 1,207 

Couples  with  adult  children  only 105 

PERIOD   OF   THE    AIARITAL    RELATION. 


Year 
First  

(Divorce 

Number  of 
separations 

695 

I  Only.) 

Year 

Sixth    .... 
Seventh   . . 
Eighth   ... 
Ninth   .... 
Tenth  .... 

Number  of 
separations 

165 

Second  . . 
Third    ... 
Fourth    . . 
Fifth    .... 

356 

295 

284 

....248 

175 

176 

125 

132 

HOME  OWNERS. 

Couples  who  owned  their  homes 73 

Couples  who  did  not  own  their  homes 3,541 

COMPARISON    1914-1915    FIGURES. 

Decrees  for  first  six  months  of  1914 1,816 

Decrees  for  first  six  months  of  1915 2,151 


118 


PROHIBITION'S    COST. 

James    W.    Bowlen,    of    Indianapolis,    Refutes    the 
Stereotyped    Statement   of   Prohibitionists    that 
the  Wages   Spent  in  Saloons  Will   Be  Di- 
verted  to    Other    Channels    and    States 
that   a   Lower    Standard   of   Living 
Would  Result. 

TAMES  W.  Bowlen,  of  Indianapolis,  who  took  an 
*-*  active  part  in  the  dry  campaign  of  Ohio,  gave  out 
the  following  interview  regarding  the  much  mooted 
subject  as  to  whether  or  not  the  workingman  will 
be  much  better  off  with  the  abolition  of  the  saloon. 
In  this  connection  he  said: 

"A  stereotyped  statement  frequently  made 
by  the  prohibitionists  is  to  the  effect  that  the 
workingman  will  be  much  better  off  with  the 
abolition  of  the  saloon,  that  the  25  or  50  cents 
spent  each  week  for  beer  would  be  converted 
into  other  channels,  such  as  shoes,  dry  goods, 
etc.  This  listens  fine,  but  what  are  the  real 
facts?  A  frequent  illustration  used  is  that  the 
prohibition  speaker  knows  of  a  man  who  used  to 
spend  his  money  over  the  bar,  but  now,  since 
his  emancipation  from  drink,  he  is  spending  it 
for  other  things,  has  more  and  better  clothes, 
etc.  This  may  be  certainly  true  of  the  one  indi- 
vidual. The  prohibitionist  is  an  analogous  rea- 
soncr,  which  is  the  reasoning  method  of  the 
savage,  that  what  is  or  can  be  true  of  the  one 
is  and  will  be  true  of  all,  and  bases  his  argu- 
ments along  this  line.  The  absolute  fallacy  of 
this  method  of  reasoning  must  be  apparent  to 
any  thinking  person. 

Labor,  A   Recognized   Commodity. 

"If  the  workingman  saves,  he  must  save  from 
his  wages.  Self-employment  as  an  independent 
worker  with  individually  owned  tools  belong  to 
a  past  industrial  age.  Very,  very  few  working- 
men  today  can  work  for  themselves  because  the 
development  of  capital  has  increased  the  com- 
plexity   of   the    tools    of    production    to   a    point 

114 


where  vast  sums  of  capital  are  now  required 
in  pursuits  that  formerly  could  be  conducted 
with  only  a  few  expensive  implements.  This 
development,  naturally,  has  driven  the  worker 
from  individual  employment  to  the  condition 
where  he.  must  sell  his  power  to  labor  to  the 
owners  of  capital. 

"This  has  reduced  labor  to  a  commodity. 
Certainly  no  economist  will  deny  that  labor 
today  is  just  as  much  a  commodity  as  shoes, 
hats,  etc.  The  trouble  with  our  prohibition 
friends  is  they  assume  that  wages,  the  price  of 
the  commodity  of  labor  power,  is  as  fixed  a 
thing  as  gravity.  If  this  were  true,  the  conten- 
tion of  the  prohibitionist  to  the  effect  that  the 
money  spent  over  the  bar  would  be  diverted 
to  other  channels  might  be  substantiated. 

Supply   and    Demand    Real    Factors. 

"However,  he  assumes  wages  to  be  a  fixed 
thing.  This  is  not  true.  Wages  are  most  varia- 
ble, determined  by  the  same  economic  law  that 
causes  other  commodities  to  vary  in  price. 

"This  variation  is  determined  by  the  law  of 
supply  and  demand  based  on  the  cost  of  pro- 
duction. If  demand  be  exceeded  by  the  supply 
the  price  will  fall,  but  not  below  the  cost  of  pro- 
duction, for  this  would  drive  out  the  production 
of  the  commodity.  Now,  labor  being  a  commod- 
ity, its  price  being  determined  by  the  same 
causes  as  other  commodities,  if  the  supply  ex- 
ceeds the  demand  the  price  falls,  but  cannot  fall 
below  the  cost  of  production. 

Luxuries  Become  Necessities. 

"Nov/,  what  is  the  cost  of  the  production  of 
labor  power.  It  is  not  the  actual  cost  of  the 
stern  necessities  of  life,  for  we  all  know  that 
all  workmen  could  live  on  less  than  on  what 
they  do  now — plain,  coarse  food,  such  as  black 
bread  and  potatoes,  a  house  with  inexpensive 
furniture,  clothing  of  the  simplest  and  most 
unornamental  kind  would  be  all  that  would  be 
necessary  to  keep  the  workman  in  good  working 
condition.     The  luxuries   of  the   theater,   cigars 

115 


and  beer  are  as  unessential  in  keeping  the  work- 
ingman  in  working  condition.  While  they 
satisfy  the  workman  and  contribute  to  his  men- 
tal happiness,  they  are  luxuries. 

"The  average  workman  wants  these  luxuries 
and  has  been  accustomed  to  them  for  so  long 
that  they  have  become  a  part  of  his  life,  i.  e., 
they  satisfy  a  mental  craving,  not  a  physical  one, 
and  he  figures  on  them  in  his  estimate  of  the 
things  he  must  have  in  order  to  enjoy  life. 
We  find  that  while  he  desires  more  wages,  his 
wages  never  go  above  the  point  of  the  standard 
of  living  that  prevails  in  the  country  in  which 
he  works. 

"This  standard  of  living  is  a  sum  total  of 
necessities  and  luxuries  that  he  has  been  ac- 
customed to,  and  whenever  the  standard  of 
living  is  reduced  by  the  elimination  of  the  lux- 
uries, where  the  tendency  is  to  more  and  more 
reduce  the  standard  of  living  to  the  physical 
necessities,  there  we  find  the  competition  be- 
tween the  workers,  for  the  job  forces  the  wages 
down  to  the  point  where  they  get  only  enough 
to  buy  that   standard  of  living. 

"Now  if  all  working  men  in  this  country 
would  lower  the  standard  of  living,  if  they 
would  eliminate  the  luxuries,  if  they  would  drop 
from  their  bill  of  fare,  the  theaters,  the  cigars 
and  the  glass  of  beer,  or  any  other  luxuries, 
either  by  voluntary  action  as  a  class  and  not  as 
one  individual  here  and  there,  but  as  a  class, 
or  if  by  legislation  the  beer  or  cigars  or  theaters 
would  become  non-existent  so  that  these  lux- 
uries would  become  a  tiling  of  the  past,  compe- 
tition between  them  for  the  job  would  force 
their  wages  down  to  this  new  and  lower 
standard  of  living,  a  standard  that  would  mean 
only  the  stern  necessities  of  life  and  this  inter- 
pretation makes  clear  why  so  many  of  the  big 
business  interests  rally  around  the  Anti-Saloon 
League  Banner." 

DRUG    STORES    AS    SALOONS. 

MR.    F.    L.    Watkins,    superintendent   of   the   Anti- 
Saloon  League  of  North  Dakota,  admits  the  fail- 
ure of  prohibition,  in  his  petition  to  the  state  legis- 


latiire   for   a    special    department   of    the    state   gov- 
ernment to  enforce  the  prohibition  law. 

The  following  is  a  quotation  of  the  petition: 

"Six  years  ago  there  were  80  open  saloons, 
with  bars  and  back  bars,  in  the  Slope  country 
and  hundreds  of  blind  pigs.  There  were  flagrant 
violations  at  Valley  City,  Devils  Lake,  Minot, 
Williston  and  in  fact  all  over  the  state.  There 
were  300  drug  stores  doing  a  large  liquor  busi- 
ness, some  of  them  selling  as  much  as  $8,000 
worth  of  whiskey  a  year.  There  were  30  bawdy 
houses  at  Fargo,  5  at  Wahpeton,  2  at  Williston, 
a  dozen  at  Minot,  3  at  Devils  Lake,  3  at  Mandan, 
1  at  Dickinson,  5  at  Bismarck  and  numerous 
other  places.  One  year  ago  there  were  a  dozen 
blind  pigs  and  gambling  places  at  Hankinson, 
others  at  Fairmount  and  Lidgerwood,  and  all 
the  above  have  gone  on  for  years  and  during 
such  continued  violations,  all  the  country  and 
city  machinery  for  law  enforcement  that  we  now 
have  was  in  vogue. 

"There  is  no  need  of  this  department  to  get 
evidence  on  w^hich  to  start  the  actions.  This 
is  the  hard  part,  as  local  people  do  not  want  to 
make  the  sworn  complaint.  State's  attorneys 
in  50  counties  pay  out  -about  $20,000  per  year. 
They  hire  outside  state  detectives  at  from  $5 
to  $8  per  day  and  traveling  expenses.     .     .     ." 


FORMER  PRESIDENT  TAFT  ON 
TEMPERANCE. 

F\ECLARING  himself  in  favor  of  temperance, 
•^  former  President  Taft,  through  the  colum^ns  of 
the  Los  Angeles  Times,  strikes  a  blow  at  the  intem- 
perance of  prohibition. 

His  remarks  on  this  question  are  as  follows: 

"I  believe  in  temperance,  and  what  I  want  to 
avoid  is  that  the  men  who  do  not  believe  in  tem- 
perance and  the  men  who  are  moderate  in  their 
views  of  everything  should  not  be  ground  be- 
tween the  top  and  the  nether  millstone  of  the 
extremes  on  both  sides  of  that  question;  that 
the  intolerance,  that  the  tyranny,  political  and 
otherwise,  of  the  saloon-keeper,  the  brewer, 
distiller  influence,    the  liquor   dealers'   influence 

117 


should  not  rouse  the  community  to  a  point  of 
indignation  where  we  should  have  the  extremes 
of  a  community  roused  and  insisting  on  adopt- 
ing the  passage  of  laws  and  the  attempted  en- 
forcement of  laws  that  could  not  in  fact  be  en- 
forced, and  then  leave  us  in  a  demoralized  con- 
dition where  everybody  knows  that  everybody 
feels  that  the  laws  are  not  being  enforced. 

Opposed  to  Extremes. 

"Therefore,  I  am  opposed  to  either  saloon- 
keeper rule  or  to  the  extreme  of  prohibition. 

"Xow,  let's  have  a  system  of  local  option 
where  in  a  community  they  will  support  the 
enforcement  of  law. 

"Let  us  deal  with  the  matter  in  a  common 
sense  way.  Let  us  deal  with  human  nature  as 
it  is.  Understand  what  the  conditions  are  and 
then  adopt  the  laws  to  ameliorate  them.  Do 
not  put  a  lot  of  laws  on  our  statute  books  that 
we  know  in  our  hearts  we  can't  enforce — just 
an  attempt  to  fool  the  people. 

"It  is  true  that  it  is  pretty  hard  to  steer  a 
medium  line.  It  is  pretty  hard  to  recognize 
abuse  and  attempt  to  restrain  on  the  one  hand 
and  on  the  other,  to  use  some  remedy  that  is 
impossible  and  an  extreme,  and  to  attempt  to 
enforce  the  same." 

DRINKING  NATIONS  LEAD  AND  HAVE  LED 
THE  WORLD. 

History  Proves  that  the  Anglo-Saxons,  Teutons  and 

Latins,  All  Drinking  Races,  are  Virile,  Brave, 

Intelligent,  While  Dry  Chinese  and  Turks 

Have  Retrograded. 

THAT  the  "wet"  races  have  ever  led  the  world  in 
civilization  is  the  subject  of  a  feature  article 
in  the  Baltimore  Evening  Sun.  Among  other  things 
the  writer  says: 

Why,  I  wonder,  do  the  opponents  of  that  cham- 
pion, Proliibition,  always  base  their  arguments  on 
the  claim  that  prohibition  doesn't  prohibit? 

The  claim  is,  of  course,  true,  for  prohibition  under 
1  resent  conditions,  is  a  joke,  and  worse  besides,  but 
in    making    tliat    fact    their    leading    argument    they 

lis 


beg  the  question  at  the  start  and  play  into  the 
hands  of  the  Andersons,  the  Hares,  the  Bryans  and 
other  such  "wise  guys,"  and  the  asses  who  put  up 
the  coin  for  these. 

For  if  the  "Rum  Demon"  were  one-hundredth 
part  the  devouring  monster  that  the  fanatics  claim, 
a  way  could  be  and  ought  to  be  found  to  end  forever 
its  career — in  fact,  would  have  been  found  long, 
long  ere  this. 

If  one-tenth  of  the  nonsense  and  "statistics"  talked 
by  the  prohibitionists  were  true,  we  should  all  be 
maniacs,  imbeciles,  degenerates  and  weaklings — such 
of  us  as  might  be  left. 

If  One-Tenth  Were  True? 

If  one-tenth  of  the  rubbish — so-called  expert 
medical  opinion — which  is  dinned  into  the  ears  of 
children  in  the  public  schools  by  the  old  maid 
teachers  were  really  true,  the  "rum-soaked"  Slavs, 
Teutons,  Latins  and  Anglo-Saxons  would  neces- 
sarily have  perished  from  the  earth  through  physical 
and  mental  degeneracy. 

If,  as  Is  taught,  alcohol  causes  frightful  diseases 
of  the  body  and  mind,  which  are  passed  on  to  the 
children  by  heredity;  if  the  offspring  of  drunkards 
were  imbeciles  and  dipsomaniacs  and  the  like,  then 
the  Indo-European  races  never  could  have  survived 
thousands  of  years  of  alcoholic  indulgence.  They 
necessarily  would  have  become  teetotalers  or  must 
have  perished,  and  today  all  Europe  and  America 
would  be  inhabited  by  those  prohibitionists  par  ex- 
cellence, the  engaging  Turks,  Kurds  and  Arabs. 

Prohibition  Dangerous. 

I  oppose  prohibition,  not  because  it  is  difficult 
of  enforcement,  but  because  it  would  be  dangerous 
to  the  progress  and  welfare  of  any  people  to  enforce 
it. 

I  maintain  that,  instead  of  being  a  curse,  alcohol 
is  the  handmaiden  of  intellectual  and  material  pro- 
gress, and  that  history  abundantly  proves  it. 

I  contend  that  the  races  that  have  brought  the 
world  up  from  barbarism  to  civilization  and  lead 
the  world  today  are  "rum-soaked,"  as  the  prohibi- 
tionists are  so  fond  of  saying.  Not  only  so,  but 
races  are  vigorous  in  body  and  virile  in  mind  almost 

119 


in  the  ratio  that  they  consume  alcohol.  Millions  of 
the  earth's  inhabitants  never  touch  alcohol,  such  as 
the  great  bulk  of  the  Chinese,  the  East  Indians,  the 
Arabs  and  the  Mohammedans  of  all  kinds.  Show 
me  such  and  I  will  show  you  a  people  standing  still 
or  sliding  backward  in  the  evolution  of  humanity. 
All  history  teaches  the  same  lesson. 

Wets  and  Drys  in  History. 

Wine-drinking  Greece  and  Rome  have  left  their 
imperishable  imprint  upon  the  thought,  the  art,  the 
literature,  the  government,  of  all  time  as  no  other 
nations  have  ever  done. 

Later,  when  Europe  had  slumped  backward  Into 
ignorance  and  superstition,  came  the  wineless  hosts 
of  Mohammed  and  attempted  to  conquer  the  de- 
graded, "rum-soaked"  Europeans,  constantly  at  war 
among  themselves.  Surely  if  total  abstinence  ever 
had  a  golden  opportunity  to  show  its  vast  superi- 
ority over  drunkenness,  that  was  the  time.  Yet  the 
"rummies"  of  Charles  Martel  and  Charlemagne 
drove  back  the  water  drinkers.  When  the  royster- 
ing  Spaniards  landed  in  Mexico  and  Peru  they  met 
peoples  well  along  in  civilization  for  that  period, 
but  without,  if  I  remember  correctly,  the  alcohol- 
drinking  habit.  Which  proved  the  more  virile,  brave 
and  intelligent?     Ask  history. 

Wet   Pilgrims    vs.    Dry    Indians. 

When  the  Mayflower  landed  at  Plymoutli  Rock 
its  pious  travelers  carrying  their  bottle  of  booze 
ashore  with  their  household  effects,  ran  afoul  of  a 
husky,  warlike  red  race  of  teetotalers.  How  long 
did  the  water-drinkers  keep  their  land  from  the 
Pilgrims,  whose  descendants  were  the  guys  who  put 
"make"  in  Jamaica  rum,  and  who  at  last  accounts 
were  still  able  to  match  muscles  or  wits  with  any 
total  abstainers  whatever,  at  a  ratio  of  about  five 
to  one? 

The  old  South  before  the  Civil  War  produced 
statesmen,  thinkers,  soldiers,  men  of  learning  and 
women  of  culture,  courage  and  refinement.  Physi- 
cally and  mentally  the  Southerners  were  imexccllcd, 
whereas  they  should  have  been  idiots  and  weaklings, 
according  to  the  affecting  philosophy  taught  in  our 

120 


public  schools  through  the  brow-beating  of  our 
pious  prohibitionists,  for  was  not  a  decanter  on 
every  sideboard,  a  "still"  on  nearly  every  farm, 
everybody  drinking  as  a  matter  of  course,  and  nearly 
everybody  descended  from  the  "souses"  of  Great 
Britain? 

Empire   Builders   Wet. 

Whence  came  the  bold  and  gallant  rovers  that 
built  the  British  Empire;  that  found  America  and 
made  it  their  own;  that  have  girdled  the  earth  and 
taken  what  they  desired;  that  fought  their  way  to 
the  Poles? 

Whence  came  the  men  who  have  led  the  world 
in  science,  in  art,  in  government,  in  learning,  for  a 
thousand  years — who  tame  the  lightning  and  make 
it  their  servant,  who  talk  across  vast  oceans,  who 
fly  like  birds  and  travel  under  the  sea? 

Do  these  workers  of  wonders  come  from  the 
water-drinkers  of  the  world?  I  trow  not.  Almost, 
if  not  quite,  without  exception  they  spring  from 
nations  "rum-soaked"  for  centuries. 

Consider,  if  you  please,  the  Germans — huge  eaters 
and  drinkers!  Has  anybody  noticed  any  lack  of 
physical  or  mental  vigor  after  their  age-old  debauch 
as  a  race?     I  trow  not. 

"Virile  Races  Need  Alcohol." 

Now,  there  must  be  a  reason  for  all  this.  It 
could  not  be  merely  coincidental  that  all  the  argu- 
ments of  the  prohibitionists  are  made  absurd  and 
ridiculous  by  the  facts  of  history. 

I  am  far  from  saying  that  alcohol  would  make 
every  race  progressive.  On  the  contrary,  it  prob- 
ably hastens  the  extinction  of  a  people  incapable  of 
development  and  progress — e.  g.,  the  American  In- 
dian and  the  Kongo  savage.  But  the  virile  races 
need  alcohol,  and,  needing  it,  they  use  it.  If  it 
were  bad  for  them,  these  conquerors  of  the  world 
and  of  the  secrets  of  nature,  the  peoples  who  lead 
the  world  now  and  have  led  it  in  the  past  in  pro- 
gress, civilization  and  Christianity,  would  either 
have  discarded  it  long  ago  or  it  would  have  made 
them  serfs  and  weaklings  and  degenerates  instead 
of  masters  and  dealers. 

121 


PROHIBITION  BOOZE. 


"But  When  You  Take  Your  Drink,  Get  Out;   for 
You  Can't  Die  in  Here." 


Says  Luke  McLuke,  in  the  Cincinnati  Enquirer: 

The  state  was  dry,  and  so  was  I, 

But  as  I  walked  around 
Some  old  blind  tigers  I  could  spy, 

Where  whisky  could  be  found. 

I  entered  one  and  asked  for  booze, 

The  keeper  said  to  me; 
"Just  look  around  and  you  can  choose 

Your  brand  from  what  you  see." 

I  looked  around,  and  there  I  found 

Train  oil  and  japalac, 
Carbolic  acid,  liquid  glue, 

Wood  alcohol,  shellac, 
Strong  turpentine  and  lizard  stew. 

All  for  two  bits  a  crack. 

The  keeper  said:  "This  stuff  is  stout. 
Although  it  may  taste  queer, 

But  when  you  take  your  drink,  get  out, 
For  you  can't  die  in  here." 


122 


Information  Bureau 

THE  Publicity  Department  of  the 
National  Wholesale  Liquor  Dealers 
Association  of  America  conducts 
an  Information  Bureau  for  the  purpose 
of  supplying  facts,  statistics  and  argu- 
ments against  Prohibition  in  whatever 
way  Prohibition  may  appear. 

All  questions  which  may  arise  in 
YOUR  mind  in  regard  to  the  Pros  and 
Cons  of  Prohibition  can  be  answered  if 
you  will  drop  a  line  to  the  above  depart- 
ment. 

Specialists  are  employed  to  take  care  of 
these  requests  for  information. 

Authors  and  debaters  who  have  in  mind 
proposed  discussions  on  the  Pros  and 
Cons  of  the  "Liquor  Question"  are  urged 
to  make  use  of  the  special  library  on  this 
subject  available  at  the  offices  of  the  above 
organization. 

Literature  dealing  with  all  phases  of 
Prohibition  can  be  secured  free  of  charge 
upon  application.  Requests  for  special  in- 
formation will  be  given  prompt  attention. 

Address  all  communications  to  "PUB- 
LICITY DEPARTMENT,"  No.  301 
United  Bank  Building,  Cincinnati,  Ohio, 


INDEX. 

A  Page 

Accidents,  Causes  of 87-89 

Adair,  John  A.  M.,  of  Indiana,  on  National  Prohibition 77-78 

Agitators  vs.   The  People 55 

AXTI-SALOOX  LEAGUE,    Convention,    Drunkenness 43 

AXTI-SALOOX   LEAGUE,    Extremes 110-111 

AXTI-SALOOX  LEAGUE,    Xational    Lobby 111-112 

Alabama,   Conditions  in 90 

Army   Canteen 41 


B 

Bartfeld,  Andrew  J.,  of  Pennsylvania,  on  Xational  Prohibition. .78-80 

Bartholdt,  Richard,  of  Missouri,  on  Xational   Prohibition 70-72 

Boy  and  Prohibition   ("Save  the  Boy") 55-58 

BOOTLEGGERS,    Cause    Crime 23 

BOOTLEGGERS,     Report    of    Commissioner    of    Internal 

Revenue     15 

Browne,  Edward  E.,  of  Wisconsin,  on  X'ational  Prohibition. .  .73-74 
Building  and  Loan  Associations 52-53 


C 

Cantrill,  J.   Campbell,  of  Kentucky,   on  Xational  Prohibition.  .  74-75 

CHARTS 9-10 

CHARTS     '. 96-97 

Chicago,   Divorce  Statistics 112-113 

Church   Membership 52 

Compensation     19-20-21 

Consumption,  Table  Showing  Increase  in 13-47 

COST    of    Drink 42 

COST   of   Prohibition 104-106 

CRIME,  Cause  of 22 

CRIME,  "Dry"  Cities  vs.   "Wet" 23-24 

CRIME,  In   "Dry"   Tennessee 23 


D 

Death  Rate  and  Liquor 27-28 

DIVORCE,    Rate    Compared.' 51-52 

DIVORCE,    Statistics,   Chicago 112-113 

Drunkenness,  in  Maine 98 

E 

Efficiency  and  Liquor 87-89 


F 

Farmer  and  Prohibition  ....<" 21 

Farm  Products  used  by  Liquor  Industry S3 

Financial  Results  of  Prohibition 83-84 

France,  Prohibition  in 80-81 

"Freedom  of  Choice" 22 

G 

Georgia,    Conditions   in 90-91 

Gill,  Michael  J.,  of  Missouri,  on  National  Prohibition 77 

Goeke,  J.  Henry,  of  Ohio,  on  National  Prohibition 76 

Gompers  on  Prohibition 42-43 

Great  Men  and  Temperance 86-37 


Hayes,  Everis  A.,  of  California,  on  isational  Prohibition 78 

Henry,  Robert  L.,  of  Texas,  on  National  Prohibition 72-73 

History,   Prohibition   States 6-7 

HOBSON,  Demands  Whisky 28-29 

HOBSON,   *'2,000  a  Day" 29-31 

HOBSON ,    His    Inconsistencies 94-95 

HOBSON  Resolution,  Debates  in  Congress,  1014 70-80 

Holmes,  Oliver  Wendell,  on  "Rum" 84-85 

I 

Illiteracy    r<3 

Industries,   Affected  by  Prohibition 49 

Insanity   54-55 

Internal  Revenue  Receipts,  Increase  in 14 

Introduction     3 

K 

Kahn,  Julius,  of  California,  on  National  Prohibition 75-76 

KANSAS  vs.   License   States,   Comparisons 33-36 

KANSAS    vs.    Nebraska 31-32 

KANSAS,  Topeka  vs.  Cincinnati 32-33 

L 

LABOR,  Distribution  of 52 

LABOR,  Effect  of  Prohibition  on  Capital  and  Labor 43 

LABOR,   Employed   by   Liquor   Industry 46 

LABOR.  Gompers  on  Prohibition ...42-43 

LABOR,  Money  Spent  for  Liquor ...     iZ 

LABOR    and    Prohibition 114116 

LINCOLN,  Bought  Brandy 65-66 

LI.N'COLN,  His   Liquor  License 59-60 

LINCOLN,  His  Temperance  \'ie\vs 58-62 

LIQUOR    Consumption,    Increase    in 47 

LIQUOR    Industry,   Allied    Trades 49 

■  IQUOR  Industry,  Magnitude  of 46 

.ngevity   and  Liquor 27-28 


M 

Madden,  Martin  B.,  of  Illinois,  on  National  Prohibition IS 

Maine,    Conditions   in 98-101 

Majorities,  "Wet"  and  "Dry"   States   Compared 16 

Moonshine  Stills,  Number  and  Growth 39-40 

MOOXSHIXIXG,   Table   Showing  Increase   in U 

MOOXSHTXIXG,     Statement    of    Commissioner    of     Internal 

Revenue    15 

Munsterberg,  Hugo,  on  Prohibition 85-86 


N 

NATIONAL  PROHIBITION,  A  Farce 27 

NATIONAL  PROHIBITION,  Debates  in   Congress,   1914... 70-80 
Representatives: 

Barchfeld,  Andrew  J.,   of  Pennsylvania 78-80 

Bartholdt,  Richard,  of  Missouri 70-72 

Browne,   Edward   E.,   of  Wisconsin 73-74 

Cantrill,  J.  Campbell,  of  Kentucky 74-75 

Gill,   Michael  J.,   of  Missouri 77 

Goeke,  J.  Henry,  of  Ohio 76 

Hayes,    Everis   A.,   of   California 78 

Henry,   Robert  L.,  of  Texas 72-73 

Kahn,  Julius,   of  California 75-76 

Madden,   Martin  B.,  of   Illinois 73 

Adair,  John   A.   M.,  of  Indiana 77-78 

Stone,    Claude    U.,    of    Illinois 76-77 

Underwood,   Oscar  W.,   of  Alabama 74 

NATIONAL  PROHIBITION,  Fallacy  of 24-25 

NATIONAL  PROHIBITION,  Injustice  of 25-26-27 

NATIONAL  PROHIBITION,  Method  of  Securing 25-26-27 

Nations,  Drinking  Nations  Lead  World 118-121 

North  Dakota,   Conditions  in 116-117 


P 

PATENT  MEDICINES,   Department  of  Agriculture 40-41 

PATENT  MEDICINES,  Massachusetts  Board  of  Health 44-45 

Pauperism   53-54 

POPULATION  of  U.  S.  with  Per  Cent  Urban 18-19 

POPULATION,  "Wet"  vs.  "Dry"  Cities 48 

Prisoners  in  Penal  Institutions 54 

PROHIBITION   and   Finance 83-84 

PROHIBITION  in  Southern   States 90-92 

PROHIBITION    States 6 


R 

Revenue,  From  Liquor  Industry 50-51 

RUSSIA   AND    PROHIBITION 37-38 

RUSSIA   AND   PROHIBITION 106-109 


s 

"Save  the  Boy" 55-58 

Savings  Accounts  Compared 51 

Social  Conditions,  "Wet"  vs.  "Dry"  States 51-55 

STATES,  "Dry"  by  Act  of  Legislature 17 

STATES,   Prohibition 6 

STATES,   Rejecting   Prohibition   Twice 4 

STATES,  16  Repudiated  Prohibition 4 

STATES,  Situation  1916 8-11-12 

STATES.  Social  Conditions  Compared 51-55 

STATES,  Rejecting  Prohibition  on  a  Referendum 12 

Stone,  Claude  U.,  of  Illinois,  on  National   Prohibition 76-77 

Supreme  Court  on  Liquor  Industry 87 

T 

Taft.  Wm.   H.,  on   Prohibition 93.  117-118 

TAXES  and  Liquor  Business 38-39 

TAXES   and    Liquor    Industry 84 

TAXES,    From    Liquor    Industry 50-51 

Tennessee,   Conditions  in 91-92 

Tobacco,  Danger  of  Prohibition 101-103 

U 
Underwood,  Oscar  W.,  of  Alabama,  on  National  Prohibition...      74 

W 

VVASIIINGTOX.  His  Will 63 

WASHIXGTOX.  The  Distiller 62 

WASHINGTON    and    Prohibition 67-69 

West   Virginia,   Conditions  in 92 

Willard,  Jess,  On  Prohibition 31 


